Growth and yield of 'Amarante' garlic accessions

Oliveira, Nelson Licínio Campos de; Puiatti, Mário; Finger, Fernando Luis; Fontes, Paulo Cezar Rezende; Cecon, Paulo Roberto; Moreira, Rodrigo Amato

doi:10.1590/0034-737X201865060003

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Physiology and Morphology Applied to Agriculture • Rev. Ceres 65 (06) • Nov-Dec 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737X201865060003 copy

Growth and yield of 'Amarante' garlic accessions¹ This work is part of the first author’s doctoral thesis.

Caracterização do crescimento e produtividade de acessos de alho 'Amarante'

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Although it is an important vegetable used as a culinary ingredient around the world, there is little information on the characterization of growth and productivity of garlic cv. 'Amarante'. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphophysiological and productive characteristics of 20 accessions of 'Amarante' garlic from the Vegetable Germplasm Bank of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (BGH/UFV). The experiment was conducted in the field, in a randomized complete block design, with four replications. During the garlic cycle, plants were evaluated for morphological characteristics, green color intensity, growth analysis, harvest index, and bulb productivity. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were grouped by the Skott-Knott criteria. The Pearson correlation coefficient was estimated between morphophysiological characteristics and bulb yield. The accessions presented different behavior during the evaluations. BGH 7616 stood out for showing the greatest leaf area, harvest index, dry mass of leaves, pseudostem, bulb, and whole plant, resulting in the greatest total and commercial bulb yield. The highest correlations were found between total yield and leaf area duration (r = 0.7263; p ( 0.01) from 87 to 114 days after planting (DAP) and between total yield and leaf area at 87 DAP (r = 0.6442, p < 0.01). Among the evaluated characteristics, the leaf area at 87 DAP and leaf area duration from 87 to 114 DAP were the morphophysiological characteristics that most influenced the bulb yield in 'Amarante' garlic.

Keywords:
Allium sativum; growth analysis; yield

Treatment (Accessions)	Origin	Mass (g/bulbil)¹
Treatment (Accessions)	Origin	Fresh Mass	Fresh Mass
BGH - 4899	NR²	1.16	0.44
BGH - 5934	Viçosa - MG	1.45	0.55
BGH - 5939	Viçosa - MG	1.31	0.49
BGH - 5940	Viçosa - MG	1.29	0.48
BGH - 5941	Espírito Santo	1.41	0.53
BGH - 6394	NR²	1.42	0.54
BGH - 7614	Espírito Santo/EPAMIG-1	1.23	0.46
BGH - 7615	Espírito Santo/EPAMIG-2	1.32	0.50
BGH - 7616	Espírito Santo/EPAMIG-3	1.17	0.44
BGH - 7617	Espírito Santo/EPAMIG-4	1.59	0.60
BGH - 7618	Espírito Santo/EPAMIG-5	1.44	0.54
BGH - 7619	Espírito Santo/EPAMIG-6	1.19	0.45
BGH - 7620	Espírito Santo/EPAMIG-7	1.08	0.41
BGH - 7621	Espírito Santo/EPAMIG-8	1.29	0.49
BGH - 7622	Espírito Santo/EPAMIG-9	1.23	0.46
BGH - 7623	Espírito Santo/EPAMIG-10	1.19	0.45
BGH - 7624	Espírito Santo/EPAMIG-11	1.27	0.48
BGH - 7625	Espírito Santo/EPAMIG-12	1.19	0.45
BGH - 7626	Espírito Santo/EPAMIG-13	1.26	0.47
BGH - 7627	Espírito Santo/EPAMIG-14	1.24	0.47

Accession	SPAD (unit)			LAR (dm ² g ^-1 )			LAD (dm² week ^-1)	PRGR (g g^-1 week^-1)			HI	TY t ha^-1	CY t ha^-1
	59	87	114	59 to 87	114 to 136	136 to 156	59 to 87	87 to 114	114 to 136	114 to 136	156	156	156
BGH 4899	64.62 a	54.71 a	60.61 b	0.61 b	0.29 a	0.148 a	306.27 c	489.10 d	462.06 b	0.19 a	0.72 a	8.44 c	8.37 c
BGH 5934	59.27 b	51.15 b	60.30 b	0.66 b	0.26 b	0.130 b	516.34 b	808.76 b	656.06 a	0.12 b	0.67 b	11.09 a	11.02 a
BGH 5939	63.58 a	52.81 a	62.48 a	0.74 a	0.30 a	0.160 a	484.53 b	713.09 c	604.15 a	0.13 b	0.67 b	11.35 a	11.35 a
BGH 5940	60.45 b	52.73 a	58.86 b	0.66 b	0.28 b	0.150 a	368.47 c	608.60 c	560.55 b	0.16 a	0.66 b	9.36 b	9.07 b
BGH 5941	62.77 a	54.47 a	66.97 a	0.67 b	0.26 b	0.120 b	401.41 c	649.72 c	502.78 b	0.12 b	0.67 b	9.52 b	9.48 b
BGH 6394	60.51 b	55.00 a	60.33 b	0.68 b	0.30 a	0.150 a	495.54 b	857.25 b	655.88 a	0.05 b	0.64 b	10.74 a	10.70 a
BGH 7614	58.73 b	49.65 b	59.41 b	0.67 b	0.32 a	0.120 b	358.13 c	633.35 c	552.45 b	0.23 a	0.71 a	10.25 a	10.16 a
BGH 7615	61.83 a	52.21 b	58.13 b	0.62 b	0.26 b	0.130 b	375.77 c	607.85 c	549.58 b	0.17 a	0.62 b	9.73 b	9.50 b
BGH 7616	59.91 b	50.08 b	58.75 b	0.67 b	0.25 b	0.120 b	668.97 a	1054.14 a	749.71 a	0.05 b	0.72 a	12.49 a	12.49 a
BGH 7617	60.10 b	50.11 b	58.83 b	0.72 a	0.27 b	0.120 b	551.58 b	868.58 b	688.81 a	0.13 b	0.64 b	10.79 a	10.70 a
BGH 7618	58.67 b	48.83 b	58.15 b	0.71 a	0.31 a	0.150 a	505.71 b	779.79 b	614.60 a	0.17 a	0.63 b	10.14 a	10.08 a
BGH 7619	61.32 a	56.62 a	63.98 a	0.60 b	0.28 b	0.141 b	261.81 c	428.84 d	386.96 b	0.19 a	0.67 b	7.00 c	6.61 d
BGH 7620	61.78 a	50.90 b	59.25 b	0.62 b	0.30 a	0.141 b	450.20 b	790.07 b	611.35 a	0.13 b	0.66 b	10.74 a	10.66 a
BGH 7621	59.86 b	49.96 b	59.78 b	0.67 b	0.29 a	0.150 a	532.36 b	790.60 b	613.01 a	0.18 a	0.61 b	9.98 a	9.80 a
BGH 7622	62.08 a	49.80 b	58.10 b	0.66 b	0.31 a	0.150 a	485.50 b	733.22 b	613.47 a	0.20 a	0.69 a	9.43 b	9.21 b
BGH 7623	59.05 b	51.12 b	57.01 b	0.75 a	0.31 a	0.146 a	526.46 b	904.10 b	700.16 a	0.02 b	0.66 b	10.73 a	10.62 a
BGH 7624	62.33 a	53.32 a	62.76 a	0.66 b	0.26 b	0.140 b	381.75 c	576.80 c	519.28 b	0.22 a	0.68 a	8.41 c	8.28 c
BGH 7625	60.65 b	53.90 a	58.35 b	0.62 b	0.36 a	0.170 a	296.52 c	534.78 d	469.88 b	0.20 a	0.65 b	8.01 c	7.90 c
BGH 7626	61.75 a	50.63 b	56.41 b	0.70 a	0.32 a	0.150 a	395.18 c	675.69 c	607.21 a	0.20 a	0.63 b	8.67 c	8.42 c
BGH 7627	61.25 a	51.53 b	59.28 b	0.72 a	0.32 a	0.150 a	326.21 c	641.07 c	652.23 a	0.20 a	0.66 b	9.13 b	9.00 b
CV (%)	3.24	4.11	5.65	8.81	11.20	13.34	18.48	14.84	16.95	54.87	5.22	9.55	10.31

Accession	LN (ud)	LA (dm²pl^-1 )			LDM (g plant^-1 )			BDM (g plant^-1 )			PDM (g plant^-1 )				WPDM (g plant^-1 )
	87	59	87	114	59	87	114	87	114	156	59	87	114	156	59	87	114	156
BGH 4899	7.50 b	0.72 b	2.39 c	2.77 c	0.85 b	2.17 c	3.25 b	0.47 b	2.35 c	10.10 b	0.27 b	0.57 c	2.00 b	1.50 b	1.42 b	3.42 c	7.70 c	13.87 b
BGH 5934	8.00 a	1.28 a	3.98 b	4.56 a	1.32 a	3.42 b	5.42 a	0.72 a	3.82 b	13.22 a	0.37 a	1.17 b	4.37 a	3.22 a	2.05 a	5.60 b	13.95 b	19.75 a
BGH 5939	7.75 a	1.40 a	3.54 b	4.00 b	1.42 a	2.82 b	4.37 b	0.52 b	2.72 c	14.67 a	0.32 b	0.75 c	3.27 b	3.27 a	2.12 a	4.35 c	10.60 c	21.55 a
BGH 5940	7.25 b	0.90 b	2.85 c	3.58 b	1.05 b	2.27 c	3.75 b	0.32 b	3.12 b	13.30 a	0.35 b	0.55 c	3.32 b	3.22 a	1.85 a	3.35 c	10.47 c	19.92 a
BGH 5941	8.00 a	0.91 b	3.18 c	3.69 b	1.00 b	2.52 c	4.17 b	0.55 b	3.30 b	11.02 b	0.32 b	0.75 c	3.02 b	2.82 a	1.67 b	4.05 c	10.77 c	16.27 b
BGH 6394	8.25 a	1.09 a	3.96 b	5.11 a	1.17 a	3.15 b	5.35 a	0.70 a	3.30 b	13.12 a	0.35 b	0.90 c	4.20 a	3.67 a	1.90 a	5.10 b	13.15 b	20.35 a
BGH 7614	7.00 b	0.83 b	2.81 c	3.88 b	0.95 b	2.22 c	3.57 b	0.52 b	2.10 c	16.20 a	0.32 b	0.65 c	2.75 b	3.00 a	1.55 b	3.60 c	8.70 c	22.57 a
BGH 7615	7.00 b	1.03 b	2.80 c	3.62 b	1.20 a	2.30 c	3.92 b	0.42 b	2.57 c	10.30b	0.47 a	0.77 c	3.52 b	3.22 a	2.05 a	3.70 c	10.42 c	16.30 b
BGH 7616	9.00 a	1.32 a	5.49 a	5.65 a	1.32 a	4.65 a	5.87 a	0.97 a	5.32 a	19.47 a	0.42 a	1.62 a	5.77 a	3.45 a	2.15 a	7.57 a	17.72 a	26.92 a
BGH 7617	8.00 a	1.43 a	4.19 b	4.99 a	1.50 a	3.22 b	4.97 a	0.47 b	3.55 b	14.32 a	0.42 a	1.17 b	5.15 a	4.10 a	2.25 a	5.22 b	14.07 b	22.17 a
BGH 7618	8.00 a	0.98 b	4.17 b	4.07 b	1.00 b	3.42 b	4.10 b	0.62 a	2.25 c	12.30 b	0.30 b	1.02 b	3.37 b	3.80 a	1.65 b	5.37 b	10.02 c	19.47 a
BGH 7619	7.00 b	0.56 b	2.10 c	2.43 c	0.62 b	1.87 c	2.82 b	0.40 b	1.77 c	8.47 b	0.22 b	0.60 c	2.00 b	1.95 b	1.15 b	3.05 c	6.80 c	12.57 b
BGH 7620	8.00 a	0.82 b	3.77 b	4.59 a	1.00 b	2.95 b	4.67 a	0.57 b	2.70 c	13.65 a	0.35 b	1.02 b	3.42 b	3.35 a	1.72 b	4.85 b	11.07 c	20.47 a
BGH 7621	8.25 a	1.17 a	4.26 b	4.10 b	1.22 a	3.37 b	4.10 b	0.77 a	2.92 c	11.77 b	0.42 a	1.25 b	3.75 b	4.15 a	1.97 a	5.62 b	10.92 c	19.25 a
BGH 7622	8.00 a	0.90 b	4.04 b	3.71 b	0.95 b	3.15 b	3.75 b	0.77 a	2.27 c	13.10 a	0.32 b	1.10 b	3.05 b	3.05 a	1.62 b	5.25 b	9.32 c	19.05 a
BGH 7623	7.75 a	1.50 a	3.86 b	5.70 a	1.45 a	3.10 b	5.67 a	0.35 b	2.97 c	12.40 b	0.40 a	0.97 b	5.20 a	3.37 a	2.20 a	4.65 b	14.20 b	18.52 a
BGH 7624	7.50 b	0.89 b	2.99 c	3.10 c	1.02 b	2.47 c	3.40 b	0.40 b	2.80 c	14.70 a	0.32 b	0.75 c	2.90 b	3.35 a	1.72 b	3.82 c	9.22 c	21.40 a
BGH 7625	7.25 b	0.69 b	2.33 c	3.32 c	0.87 b	1.97 c	2.95 b	0.42 b	1.55 c	9.80 b	0.22 b	0.50 c	2.20 b	2.67 a	1.45 b	3.02 c	6.80 c	14.95 b
BGH 7626	7.50 b	0.89 b	3.13 c	4.01 b	0.95 b	2.42 c	3.85 b	0.40 b	2.30 c	11.87 b	0.27 b	0.67 c	3.05 b	3.35 a	1.52 b	3.80 c	9.57 c	18.65 a
BGH 7627	6.75 b	0.76 b	2.56 c	4.21 b	0.87 b	1.87 c	3.97 b	0.27 b	2.27 c	11.80 b	0.22 b	0.57 c	3.40 b	3.12 a	1.37 b	2.87 c	10.00 c	17.85 a
CV (%)	10.06	25.33	20.57	18.60	23.36	20.67	21.44	46.13	34.47	22.56	27.63	30.47	27.12	25.72	19.97	21.70	20.45	22.10

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E-mail: ceres@ufv.br

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[1] *Corresponding author: nelson.oliveira@ifnmg.edu.br

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Growth and yield of 'Amarante' garlic accessions1 This work is part of the first author’s doctoral thesis.

Caracterização do crescimento e produtividade de acessos de alho 'Amarante'

ABSTRACT

Growth and yield of 'Amarante' garlic accessions¹ This work is part of the first author’s doctoral thesis.