Interaction between growth strategies and phosphorus use efficiency in grasses from South America natural grasslands

Marques, Anderson Cesar Ramos; Oliveira, Leandro Bittencourt de; Brunetto, Gustavo; Tavares, Miriam da Silva; Quadros, Fernando Luiz Ferreira de; Nicoloso, Fernando Teixeira

doi:10.1590/0034-737X202067010009

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Soil Science and Plant Nutrition • Rev. Ceres 67 (1) • Jan-Feb 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737X202067010009 copy

Interaction between growth strategies and phosphorus use efficiency in grasses from South America natural grasslands¹ Part of the doctoral thesis of the first author.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

South American natural grasslands are composed of several species with different growth strategies, with variations in specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), specific root length (SRL) and specific root area (SRA). The objective of this study was characterizing in grasses cultivated with different levels of phosphorus (P) in the soil if species with higher leaf and root area production per unit of dry matter have higher tissue P concentration, P use efficiency and higher dry matter yield. The plant species were grown in a greenhouse in pots with 5 kg of soil in a completely randomized design with four replicates and two conditions of P availability: addition of 60 mg kg^-1 soil and without addition of P. The species with the highest SRA had a higher leaf and root P concentration. The higher production of leaf or root surface area per unit of dry matter did not represent higher tissue P use efficiency. The group formed by species of genre Paspalum had a higher leaf and root P use efficiency, therefore, areas composed of this genre are preferred for P fertilization.

Keywords:
leaf attributes; phosphate fertilization; relative growth rate; remobilization of P.

Group/Species	SLA	LDMC	LPC	SRL	RPC	SRA	PUE-L	PUE-R
Group/Species	(m² kg^-1)	(g kg^-1)	(mg kg^-1)	(cm g^-1)	(mg kg^-1)	(cm² g^-1)	PUE-L	PUE-R
A/Axonopus affinis	38,4 a	175,1 d	2,5 a	7.959,8 a	0,5 a	414,1 a	1,4 b	2,1 c
B/Paspalum pumilum	19,1 b	197,5 c	1,1 b	6.619,4 b	0,4 ab	238,2 b	7,1 a	6,1 b
C/Paspalum notatum, Paspalum urvillei, Paspalum plicatulum	19,6 b	236,1 b	1,2 b	3.392,7 c	0,3 c	141,5 d	11,1 a	29,9 a
D/Andropogon lateralis,Saccharum angustifolium, Aristida laevis	11,8 c	337,6 a	1,1 b	3.968,2 c	0,4 b	222,7 c	1,5 b	1,9 c
Treatment
P^-	18.2	264,9	1,1 b	4.287,4	0,3 b	214,2	4,9	10,6
P⁺	18.4	259,6	1,4 a	4.455,4	0,4 ab	211,1	5,3	10,9
Source of variation
Group (G)	*	*	*	*	*	*	*	*
Fertilization (F)	ns	ns	*	ns	*	ns	ns	ns
G × F	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns

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[1] *Corresponding author: acrmarques@hotmail.com.br

Species	SLA (m² kg^-1)		LDMC (g kg^-1)		RPC (mg g^-1)		SRA (cm² g^-1)
Axonopus affinis	38.4	a	175.1	f	0,5	a	414,1	a
Paspalum pumilum	19.1	c	197.5	e	0,4	a	238,2	b
Paspalum notatum	22.5	b	256.5	c	0,2	c	88,3	d
Paspalum urvillei	17.4	c	220.6	d	0,3	c	165,5	c
Paspalum plicatulum	19,0	c	231.2	d	0,3	c	170,7	c
Andropogon lateralis	16.4	d	301.2	b	0,3	c	237,5	b
Saccharum angustifolium	11.3	e	308.2	b	0,4	b	200,1	c
Aristida laevis	7.6	f	403.3	a	0,2	c	230,4	b

Treatment
P^-	18,2		264,9		0,3	b	214,2
P⁺	18,4		259,6		0,4	a	211,1
CV(%)	4,6	1,4	8,7	5,3

Species	LPC (mg g^-1)		SRL (cm g^-1)
Species	P-	P+	P-	P+
Axonopus affinis	2,0 aB	2,5aA	7.980,0aA	7.625,1aA
Paspalum pumilum	0,9dB	1,1dA	6.384,5aA	7.330,5aA
Paspalum notatum	1,0cB	1,3cA	1.930,6dA	1.624,1dA
Paspalum urvillei	0,7eB	1,1dA	4.835,5bA	4.395,1bA
Paspalum plicatulum	1,3bB	1,7bA	4.700,7bA	3.915,1bA
Andropogon lateralis	0,4fB	0,7eA	3.317,1cA	2.628,9cB
Saccharum angustifolium	1,1cB	1,8bA	2.043,2dB	3.510,8bA
Aristida laevis	0,8dB	1,3cA	3.107,7cB	4.614,1bA
CV (%)	1,4		2

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Interaction between growth strategies and phosphorus use efficiency in grasses from South America natural grasslands1 Part of the doctoral thesis of the first author.

ABSTRACT

Interaction between growth strategies and phosphorus use efficiency in grasses from South America natural grasslands¹ Part of the doctoral thesis of the first author.