The physiological and biochemical aspects influenced by silicon and that influence reactions of resistance to pests in cocoa are still poorly understood. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of silicon application on photosynthesis, the leaf content of total soluble phenols and preference of Toxoptera aurantii in cocoa genotypes. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a randomized block design with four replications in a factorial 3 x 3, consisting of three genotypes (TSH 1188, CCN 51 and Catongo), two doses of potassium silicate (3 and 6 mL L-1) applied to the leaves and a control sprayed with water. Evaluations were conducted for gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence and phenolic content in leaf level, besides a preference test with a chance of free choice with T. aurantii. The genotypes TSH 1188 and CCN 51 had higher photochemical efficiency and photosynthesis compared with Catongo. Regardless of genotype, the application of potassium silicate did not affect the performance index of the plants (and PI ABS PI TOTAL), however, the dose 3 mL L-1 increased net photosynthesis and total soluble phenol content. The dose 6 mL L-1 reduced the preference of T. aurantii to the leaves of genotype TSH 1188. The application of potassium silicate is promising to increase the resistance of cacao to T. aurantii.
Theobroma cacao L.; Toxoptera aurantii (Boy.) Homoptera:Aphididae; induced resistance; gas exchange; phenolic compounds; chlorophyll a fluorescence
