Information Retrieval in Information Science: conceptual diversity and theoretical evolution

ABSTRACT

Introduction:  Information retrieval is a fundamental element of information science, encompassing technical, cognitive, and social processes aimed at identifying and making relevant information available. The diversity of concepts present in the literature reflects the historical evolution of the field and the incorporation of new technologies and approaches.

Objective:  This study sought to understand the evolution and conceptual diversity of information retrieval in the field of information science, based on the theoretical contributions of different authors. Methodology: This is an exploratory-descriptive research study with a mixed approach, based on a bibliographic survey. In addition to classic authors in this field of knowledge, the Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency technique was used to identify relevant works that address or expand on the concept of information retrieval.

Results:  A conceptual evolution can be seen that starts from technical approaches focused on system efficiency, incorporates cognitive and interactive aspects, and, more recently, social and contextual dimensions. Among the authors, there is consensus on the centrality of the user, the relevance of information mediation, and the need for adaptable technologies. Models with interoperability, multimodal retrieval, and the use of iterative feedback are valued.

Conclusion:  Information retrieval, in the field of information science, is a multifaceted process whose effectiveness depends on the articulation between theoretical foundations, technological resources, and contextual understanding. This integration reinforces its strategic role in consolidating the field and responding to the complex demands of the information society.

KEYWORDS
Information retrieval; Information science; Information society.