INNOVATION IN BRAZILIAN REGULATORY AGENCIES: A STUDY OF SUCCESSFUL EXPERIENCES

the study follows a bibliographical approach, adopting bibliographical and documentary research and collecting data from academic publications, reports and information published on the Federal Government’s website.

Findings:

through this essay it was possible to perceive how innovation is indispensable to regulatory activities, in view of the benefits provided to agencies and, especially, the positive impacts for society.

Research limitations:

since this is a theoretical study, the relationship between innovation and regulatory activities was limited to the experiences shared in the researched sources. Given a certain deficit of approach to the subject in the prevailing literature, we believe that an in loco research would be a more robust source of information and, thus, other innovation actions, not shared in academic works and/or websites, would be identified.

Originality/value:

the study’s contributions permeate the universe of the link between innovation and regulatory agencies, demonstrating the relevance of innovative actions to ensure efficiency and effectiveness in public services, taking four Brazilian agencies as an example. The absence of research on innovation in regulatory agencies at the national level characterizes the originality of the work. It is suggested, therefore, that regulatory agencies systematize their information on innovation actions and make it available to the public, in the form of a report, presenting the results achieved and the benefits acquired.

Keywords:
Innovation; Regulatory agencies; Regulation; Experiences

Regulatory Agency	End-activity
ANVISA - National Health Surveillance Agency	It promotes the sanitary control of the production and consumption of products, that is, its public includes everyone who deals directly or indirectly with products subject to sanitary surveillance (drugs, cosmetics, blood, etc.).
ANATEL - National Telecommunications Agency	Regulates and oversees the telecommunications sector, i.e., affects everyone who owns a telephone or telephone company.
ANEEL - National Electric Energy Agency	Controls the services related to electric power, which means covering the entire population that uses electric power.
ANS - National Supplementary Health Agency	Regulates the private health insurance market, affecting those who have health insurance.

Company	Project	Project Description
EDP BRASIL	Regulatory improvements for the introduction of an Energy Exchange and a Clearing.	The objective is to propose innovations and regulatory improvements to improve the Brazilian wholesale energy market, allowing the introduction of energy trading on an exchange environment, associated with a clearing
LIGHT ENERGIA S.A.	Regulatory aspects related to non-technical losses in Areas with Severe Operating Constraints	The objective is centered on four analytical vectors: 1) regulatory treatment for Areas with Severe Operating Constraints - ASOCs (commitments to loss reduction, quality of supply, universality, limitation of supply, etc. ), where the public power has little or no presence, especially when the concessionaire is a private company; 2) the role of differentiated tariff structures in the experiences of combating, mitigating and reducing losses in ASOCs; 3) distribution of risks and results associated with non-technical losses; 4) economic risk limits for losses and for the Distributor’s quality indicators considering ASOCs.
ENERGISA	Impact of Distributed Energy Resources on the Distribution Sector	The project’s general objective is to identify, systematize, and formulate proposals for more efficient regulatory adjustments and innovations to enable the large-scale diffusion of Distributed Energy Resources without causing negative financial impacts for Distributors and Consumers.
ENEVA	Economic Regulation of Thermoelectric Generation: forms of contracting and methodology for calculating the cost of operation	Its objective is to substantiate proposals for regulatory innovations with the central objective of giving more economic efficiency to long-term contracts for thermoelectric generation in Brazil, especially in the Regulated Market. The R&D Regulatory Innovation study intends to make a relevant and effective contribution to the formatting of thermal generation contracts.
CPFL ENERGIA	Energy in the City of the Future	The project aimed to establish the guidelines and technological, regulatory, and economic parameters that will guide the construction of the “City of the Future”. Having as analytical focus nine strategic vectors. The project was developed under the aegis of the R&D Program of ANEEL - the Brazilian Electric Sector Regulatory Agency.
USINA HIDRELÉTRICA DE ITAIPU	Comparative Analysis of Experiences in Binational Hydroelectric Developments	The objective of this research is to examine the characteristics and difficulties of the electrical integration of binational hydroelectric generation projects, mainly from the economic-financial point of view, in order to provide subsidies for the Brazilian government to position itself when the financing of Itaipu ends in 2023, as established in Appendix C of the International International Treaty for the construction of the Binational Hydroelectric Power Plant
ELETROBRAS	Analysis of Economic-Financial Information of Electric Power Companies	It analyzed the evolution of the business strategy of companies in the Brazilian electricity sector since 1999, its corporate, marketing, operational aspects, investment plans, productivity and efficiency indicators, and mainly cash flow analysis.

Company	Project	Project Description
LIGHT ENERGIA S.A.	Development of Solutions for Shared Electric Mobility: Infrastructure and Supply Systems for e-carsharing and Micromobility	The central objective of the research project is, based on a real experiment, to study alternative business models and technologies for shared electric mobility (EM) in e-carsharing systems and Light’s own fleet.
NEOENERGIA	Green Corridor and Urban Charging Stations for Performance Evaluation of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles	The project aims to create a green corridor in the Northeast (stretch between Salvador/BA and Natal/RN), containing 11 charging stations on highways (50 kW) and another 6 stations in urban malls (22 kW). The project also aims to evaluate a new business model for companies in the electric sector through the operation of charging stations for electric vehicles, and to bring a vision of scalability of the use of electric vehicles in Brazil.
STATE GRID BRAZIL HOLDIN S. A.	Reference Portal Project for Environmental Licensing of Transmission Systems	It aims to develop a reference portal to guide the process of environmental licensing of Transmission Systems (substations and lines), through the survey and systematization of processes, data and information, allowing the agility of the procedures, with reflections on the quality of socio-environmental gains and the mitigation of deadline and cost risks of the projects.
ENERCAN - CAMPOS NOVOS ENERGIA S. A.	Feasibility of Reversible Power Plants in the National Interconnected System	The central objective is to advance knowledge about Pumped Storage Hydropower Plant (PSH) , contemplating the definition of regulatory, technical, operational and commercial arrangements to enable the implementation of this technology in the Brazilian Electric Sector, considering the potential impacts on the National Interconnected System. The research also seeks to map the potential sites for the implementation of large-scale PSH in the country, in order to select a project for further case study and detailing.

Company	Project	Objectives and results
FUNDAÇÃO SÃO FRANCISCO XAVIER	Usifamília	In 2014 a group was organized to visit CHA - Cambridge Helthcare Alliance, a health organization in Boston that had similarities with the Foundation. There, they found a management model based on the principles of Primary Health Care that promotes consistent changes. Based on this observation, the Foundation developed a mixed model of health care, based on primary care and the elderly health paradigm, which became known as Elderly Centered Integrated Health Management (EICHC). The health care improvement was such that the strategy started to be marketed as a specific product, Usifamília, which expanded the link and the management of care to a younger and more active public.
UNIMED BELO HORIZONTE-COOPERATIVA DE TRABALHO MÉDICO	Unimed Pleno	The central objective of the project is to offer a care model with coordination of care by PHC. The proposal of this product is based on linking the beneficiary to a reference physician, who will perform the patient’s continuous follow-up. The positive results of the product are directly linked to the exposure time of the portfolios. The rate of Hospitalizations for Conditions Sensitive to Primary Care (ICSAP) fell 27% among full customers and the cost of the full customer fell 12% among customers from the second year of the product
UNIMED DE GUARULHOS-COOPERATIVA DE RABALHO MÉDICO	Person-Centered Primary Care Service - change in the care model at Unimed Guarulhos	The project has as objectives: redesign the current system to obtain better results in health, increasing economic efficiency, competitiveness, minimizing the effects of judicialization of medicine, high level of customer satisfaction, etc. The results were evaluated through satisfaction indicators, with a NPS of PHC recommendation score of 76; utilization indicators with a 63% reduction in consultations in the ER, and a reduction in the total per capita care cost of 34%; clinical care process indicators, with Perfect Care in SAH and DM reaching more than 60%; contra-referral of specialists in 46%, as well as monitoring of breast, colon and uterine cancer screenings.
UNIMED GRANDEFLORIANÓPOLIS-COOPERATIVA DE TRABALHO MÉDICO	New Care Model Based on Primary Health Care	The project seeks to provide care focused on the person, based on equity, efficiency and effectiveness, integrating health promotion actions and valuing principles such as access, integrality, longitudinality and care coordination. The significant increase in the mapping of diagnoses and risk conditions was the major positive result, as well as the decrease in waiting times for appointments.
UNIMED JABOTICABAL-COOPERATIVA DE TRABALHO MÉDICO	Primary Health Care	Since 2013, Unimed Jaboticabal has sought to redesign its care model. The project aims to improve the health of individuals, the experience with care and reduce care costs by eliminating waste. As a result, there was an increase in the percentage of beneficiaries, an increase in eligible men and women in PHC with rectal cancer screening.
UNIMED JOÃO PESSOA-COOPERATIVA DE TRABALHO MÉDICO	Plano Viver Mais: Pioneer Model of Integral Health Care at UNIMED João Pessoa - PB	This is a rational and sustainable health care model, which enables the expansion of the cooperative’s product portfolio in accordance with current market requirements. It aims to gradually incorporate new ways of providing innovative payment services, through principles such as accessibility, integrality, longitudinality and coordination of care.
UNIMED SANTA BÁRBARAD’ OESTE AMERICANA-COOPERATIVA DE TRABALHO MÉDICO	Viver Bem	In 2013, the service began with a grounded, holistic and safe care and has as its main objective the improvement in the health results of dependents, as well as employees. Through the model, there was a 40% increase in nursing care, a 16% decrease in emergency care, and even with inflation, the cost of care has remained stable.

Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Avenida Roraima nº 1000, Prédio 74C, Sala 4210 - Cidade Universitária - Centro de Ciências Sociais e Humanas (CCSH) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Cep: 97105-900, Tel: +55 (55) 3220-9242 - Santa Maria - RS - Brazil
E-mail: rea@ufsm.br

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[1] AUTHORS

1. Monaliza Ferreira Rodrigues de Paula

Institution: Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Master’s student in Public Administration at Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido

E-mail: monaliza.ferreira@ufersa.edu.br

2. Camila de Souza Filgueira

Institution: Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Master’s student in Public Administration at Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido

E-mail: camila.filgueira@ufersa.edu.br

3. Napiê Galvê Araújo Silva

Institution: Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Master in Economics (UFC); Master in Public Policy and Society (UECE)

E-mail: pie@ufersa.edu.br