Van Haitsma KS, Curyto K, Abbot KM, Towsley GL, Spector A, Kleban M. 2015(1010 Van Haitsma KS, Curyto K, Abbot KM, Towsley GL, Spector A, Kleban M. A randomized controlled trial for an individualized positive psychosocial intervention for the affective and behavioral symptoms of dementia in nursing home residents. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci[Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 23];70(1):35-45. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24304555
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2430...
). |
Carry out daily activities with the elderly, but always in their interest |
Both the individualized positive psychosocial intervention groups and the individualized intervention group with the nurse experienced similar benefits - they were more alert, involved, had positive touches and a positive verbal behavior compared to the usual care group. The group with individual care showed more negative behaviors, anger, lack of cooperation, than the group of psychosocial intervention and the usual care group. |
McCabe MP, Bird M, Davison TE, Mellor D, MacPherson S, Hallford D, et al. 2015(1111 McCabe MP, Bird M, Davison TE, Mellor D, MacPherson S, Hallford D, et al. An RCT to evaluate the utility of a clinical protocol for staff in the management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in residential aged-care settings. Aging Ment Health [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 23];19(9):799-807. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25319535
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2531...
). |
Identify the possible causes of behavioral problems associated with dementia |
The results demonstrated the effectiveness of using the behavioral problems protocol for reducing the elderly's behavioral problems and the team's stress, improving self-efficacy. |
Tjia J, Hunnicutt JN, Herndon L, Blanks CR, Lapane KL, Wehry S. 2017 (1212 Tjia J, Hunnicutt JN, Herndon L, Blanks CR, Lapane KL, Wehry S. Association of a Communication Training Program With Use of Antipsychotics in Nursing Homes. JAMA Intern Med[Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jan 23];177(6):846-53. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28418449
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2841...
). |
Meet the daily needs of the elderly through a care program |
The program helped to reduce the use of antipsychotics during the intervention period, but this decrease did not continue during the conservation stage. However, there was no increase in the use of psychotropics or in the occurrence of behavioral problems. The evidence suggests the use of non-pharmacological interventions to treat the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. |
Hall GR, Gallagher M, Hoffmann-Snyder C. 2013(1313 Hall GR, Gallagher M, Hoffmann-Snyder C. Bathing persons with dementia. Iowa City (IA): University of Iowa College of Nursing, John A. Hartford Foundation Center of Geriatric Nursing Excellence[Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 23]. Available from: https://www.guideline.gov/summaries/summary/44984?f=rss&osrc=12
https://www.guideline.gov/summaries/summ...
). |
Bathing techniques for patients with dementia |
Decrease in the frequency and severity of negative episodes during the bath of patients with dementia. |
Jutkowitz, E, Brasure M, Fuchs E, Shippee T, Kane RA, Fink HA, et al. 2016(1414 Jutkowitz E, Brasure M, Fuchs E, Shippee T, Kane RA, Fink HA, et al. Care-delivery interventions to manage agitation and aggression in dementia nursing home and assisted living residents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Geriatr Soc[Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 23];64:477-88. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27000321
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2700...
). |
Non-pharmacological interventions to control agitation and aggression in patients with dementia |
There is insufficient evidence on the effectiveness of care provided through non-pharmacological interventions to reduce agitation or aggression in long-term care facilities. |
Söderman M, Rosendahl SP. 2016(1515 Söderman M, Rosendahl SP. Caring for Ethnic Older People Living with Dementia - Experiences of Nursing Staff. J Cross Cult Gerontol[Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 23];31:311-26. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10823-016-9293-1
https://link.springer.com/article/10.100...
). |
Verbal and non-verbal communication and cultural activities for elderly from different cultures |
Although the nursing team that did not speak the same language as the elderly could provide care with equal quality, it was more difficult for them than for the team whose members were able to communicate in the language of the elderly. |
Roberts G, Morley C, Walters W, Malta S, Doyle C. 2015(1616 Roberts G, Morley C, Walters W, Malta S, Doyle C. Caring for people with dementia in residential aged care: Successes with a composite person-centered care model featuring Montessori-based activities. Geriatr Nurs [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 23];36:106-10. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25499658
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2549...
). |
Care model that promotes activities based on the preferences of the elderly, considering their life history |
The team reported increased knowledge about meeting the needs of people with dementia and changing organizational culture, demonstrating the efficiency of the model. The families were very pleased with the changes. |
Sprangers S, Dijkstra K, Romijn-Luijten A. 2015(1717 Sprangers S, Dijkstra K, Romijn-Luijten A. Communication skills training in a nursing home: effects of a brief intervention on residents and nursing aides. Clin Interv Aging [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 23];10:311-19. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4309793/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article...
). |
Communication between nursing and the elderly |
Lower stress rate for the team and increased use of short instructions and positive communication between the team and the elderly. |
Rodriguez-Martín B, Martínez-Andres M, Notario-Pacheco B, Martínez-Vizcaíno V. 2016(1818 Rodriguez-Martín B, Martínez-Andres M, Notario-Pacheco B, Martínez-Vizcaíno V. Conceptualizaciones sobre la atención a personas con demencia en residencias de mayores. Cad Saúde Pública[Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 23];32(3):1-12. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/csp/v32n3/1678-4464-csp-32-03-e00163914.pdf
http://www.scielo.br/pdf/csp/v32n3/1678-...
). |
Communication and interaction skills with the elderly with dementia |
Due to the tendency of technification of care, families demand personalized and small-scale attention, in which they themselves are an active part of the care process. |
Soderlund M, Cronqvist A, Norberg A, Ternestedt B, Hansebo B. 2016 (1919 Soderlund M, Cronqvist A, Norberg A, Ternestedt B, Hansebo B. Conversations between persons with dementia disease living in nursing homes and nurses - qualitative evaluation of an intervention with the validation method. Scand J Caring Sci [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 23];30:37-47. Available from: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/scs.12219/epdf
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.11...
). |
Communication skills with the elderly with dementia |
Considering the positive results after the intervention, the training given to nurses on communication may have improved their communication skills with elderly people with dementia. |
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario. 2016 (2020 Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (RNAO). Delirium, dementia, and depression in older adults: assessment and care. Toronto, ON: Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 23]. Available from: http://rnao.ca/sites/rnaoca/files/DDD_BPG.pdf
http://rnao.ca/sites/rnaoca/files/DDD_BP...
). |
Guideline care for patients with dementia |
This document provides numerous evidence-based interventions (through systematic reviews) in various areas of nursing care for elderly people with dementia. |
Palm R, Trutschel D, Simon M, Bartholomeyczik S, Holle B. 2016 (2121 Palm R, Trutschel D, Simon M, Bartholomeyczik S, Holle B. Differences in Case Conferences in Dementia Specific vs Traditional Care Units in German Nursing Homes: results from a cross-sectional study. J Am Med Dir Assoc[Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 23];17(1):91.e9e91.e13. Available from: http://www.jamda.com/article/S1525-8610(15)00557-5/pdf
http://www.jamda.com/article/S1525-8610(...
). |
Case study |
Case discussion is an intervention widely used in institutions for the elderly in Germany as a way to treat behavioral problems of dementia, with no distinction between traditional and specialized units. |
Karel MJ, Teri L, McConnel E, Visnic S, Karlin BE. 2016 (2222 Karel MJ, Teri L, McConnel E, Visnic S, Karlin BE. Effectiveness of Expanded Implementation of STAR-VA for Managing Dementia-Related Behaviors Among Veterans. Gerontologist[Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 23];56(1):126-34. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26185155
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2618...
). |
Program to address the behavioral effects of dementia |
Frequency and severity of target behaviors and symptoms of depression, anxiety and restlessness decreased significantly. The team assessed the benefits for patients, considering the program feasible. |
Van de Ven G, Draskovic I, Adang EMM, Donders R, Zuidema SU, Koopmans RTCM, et al. 2013 (2323 Van de Ven G, Draskovic I, Adang EMM, Donders R, Zuidema SU, Koopmans RTCM, et al. Effects of Dementia-Care Mapping on Residents and Staff of Care Homes: A Pragmatic Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial. PloS ONE[Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 23];8(7):e67325. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3699562
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article...
). |
Nursing care model |
Findings did not confirm the effect on the primary outcome of agitation. Perhaps the model's nature, with such a variable and extensive implementation, explains this lack of effect. |
Moyle W, Venturato L, Cooke M, Murfield J, Griffiths S, Hughes J, et al. 2016 (2424 Moyle W, Venturato L, Cooke M, Murfield J, Griffiths S, Hughes J, et al. Evaluating the capabilities model of dementia care: A non-randomized controlled trial exploring resident quality of life and care staff attitudes and experiences. Int Psychogeriatr[Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 23];28(7):1091-100. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26960255
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2696...
). |
Nursing care model |
Despite the several limitations that the study has, the model appears to be more effective for providing dementia care than usual practice. The model should be evaluated in greater depth with participants from a diverse range of institutions and different stages of cognitive impairment. |
Cooke M, Moyle W, Venturato L, Walters C, Kinnane J. 2014 (2525 Cooke M, Moyle W, Venturato L, Walters C, Kinnane J. Evaluation of an education intervention to implement a capability model of dementia care. Dementia[Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 23];13(5):613-25. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24339075
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2433...
). |
Elderly care model |
The results suggest that the education protocol had positive impacts on participants' knowledge, skills, and attitudes, providing quality dementia care to residents. |
Park M, Lim S, Kim E, Lee S, Chang S. 2017(2626 Park M, Lim S, Kim E, Lee S, Chang S. Examining practical nursing experiences to discover ways in which to retain and invigorate the remaining functions of the elderly with a demented and complex disability in nursing homes. Jpn J Nurs Sci[Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jan 23];15(1):77-90. Available from: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jjns.12174/epdf
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.11...
). |
Promote elderly's physical capacities |
The evidence provided new ideas for developing specialized nursing interventions and practical nursing models for elderly care institutions. |
Kovach CR, Hekel B, Rababa M. 2015(2727 Kovach CR, Hekel B, Rababa M. Feasibility Testing of a Protocol to Stop Ineffective Drug and Nondrug Treatments. West J Nurs Res[Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 23];37(11):1404-22. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26250849
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2625...
). |
Protocol to track and suspend ineffective treatments |
The protocol was evaluated as useful and easy, although the nurses showed some difficulty in keeping the information organized. |
Hanson LC, Song MK, Zimmerman S, Gilliam R, Rosemond C, Chisholm L et al. 2016(2828 Hanson LC, Song MK, Zimmerman S, Gilliam R, Rosemond C, Chisholm L et al. Fidelity to a behavioral intervention to improve goals of care decisions for nursing home residents with advanced dementia. Clin Trials[Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 23];13(6):599-604. Available from: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1740774516650863
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1...
). |
Elderly care model |
The methods used to ensure fidelity to the intervention were effective and allowed the model to be adopted and implemented by the nursing team. In the end, 69% of the discussions between the family and the team were implemented. |
Rosendahl SP, Söderman M, Mazaheri M. 2016 (2929 Rosendahl SP, Söderman M, Mazaheri M. Immigrants with dementia in Swedish residential care: an exploratory study of the experiences of their family members and Nursing staff. BMC Geriatr [Internet]. 2016[cited 2018 Jan 23];16(18):1-12. Available from: https://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12877-016-0200-y
https://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/art...
). |
Communication skills and cultural adaptation |
The family member is essential in the life of immigrants with dementia residing in an institution. They make it easier for nursing staff to communicate with the person with dementia. |
Allen VJ, Methven L, Gosney M. 2014(3030 Allen VJ, Methven L, Gosney M. Impact of serving method on the consumption of nutritional supplement drinks: randomized trial in older adults with cognitive impairment. J Adv Nurs[Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 23];70(6):1323-34. Available from: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jan.12293/full
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.11...
). |
Means for serving water |
A liquid nutritional supplement should be administered to people with dementia in a glass or a glass with a straw. |
Krumm N, Larkin P, Connolly M, Rode P, Elsner F. 2014(3131 Krumm N, Larkin P, Connolly M, Rode P, Elsner F. Improving dementia care in nursing homes: experiences with a palliative care symptom-assessment tool (MIDOS). Int J Palliat Nurs [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 23];20(04);187-92. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24763327
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2476...
). |
Palliative care model |
The tool presented has the potential to improve palliative care for people with dementia. |
Finucane AM, Stevenson B, Moyes R, Oxenham D, Murray SA. 2013(3232 Finucane AM, Stevenson B, Moyes R, Oxenham D, Murray SA. Improving end-of-life care in nursing homes: Implementation and evaluation of an intervention to sustain quality of care. Palliat Med[Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 23];27(8):772-8. Available from: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0269216313480549
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1...
). |
Palliative care model |
Despite the increase in adopting essential palliative care tools, the number of hospital deaths increased during the project's development. In order to incorporate palliative care, the presence of specialists in the field and nurses is essential, in addition to project management and leadership. |
Koskenniemi J, Leino-kilpi H, Suhonen R. 2015(3333 Koskenniemi J, Leino-kilpi H, Suhonen R. Manifestation of respect in the care of older patients in longterm care settings. Scand J Caring Sci[Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 23];29(2):288-96. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25213177
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2521...
). |
Human treatment for the elderly |
Respect in long-term care settings is manifested in patient care, through the nurses' presence and actions. |
Jordan S, Gabe M, Newson L, Snelgrove S, Panes G, Picek A, et al. 2014(3434 Jordan S, Gabe M, Newson L, Snelgrove S, Panes G, Picek A, et al. Medication Monitoring for People with Dementia in Care Homes: The Feasibility and Clinical Impact of Nurse-Led Monitoring. Scient World J [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 23]:2014. Available from: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/tswj/2014/843621/
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/tswj/20...
). |
Drug monitoring program |
Participants benefited from monitored medication systematized by nurses. |
Jordan S, Gabe-Walter ME, Watkins A, Humphreys I, Newson L, Snelgrove S, et al. 2015(3535 Jordan S, Gabe-Walter ME, Watkins A, Humphreys I, Newson L, Snelgrove S, et al. Nurse-Led Medicines' Monitoring for Patients with Dementia in Care Homes: A Pragmatic Cohort Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomised Trial. PloS One [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 23];10(10);1-27. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4603896/pdf/pone.0140203.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article...
). |
Drug monitoring program |
The program can improve the quality and safety of care; it deserves further investigation as a strategy to mitigate the known adverse effects of prescription drugs. |
Kim H, Woods DL, Phillips LR, Ruiz ME, Salem B, Jeffers-Skrine K, et al. 2015(3636 Kim H, Woods DL, Phillips LR, Ruiz ME, Salem B, Jeffers-Skrine K, et al. Nursing assistants' communication styles in Korean American older adults with dementia: a review of the literature. J Transcult Nurs [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 23];26(2):185-92. Available from: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1043659614547200
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1...
). |
Communication with elderly people of other ethnicities |
The model provides guidance on how to improve care and quality of life for residents of different racial and cultural groups. |
Murphy JL, Holmes J, Brooks C. 2017(3737 Murphy JL, Holmes J, Brooks C. Nutrition and dementia care: developing an evidence-based model for nutritional care in nursing homes. BMC Geriatr [Internet]. 2017[cited 2018 Jan 23];17(55):1-14. Available from: https://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12877-017-0443-2
https://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/art...
). |
Nutritional care model |
This model can help formulating new training and education tools. |
Lykkeslet E, Gjengedal E, Skrondal T, Storjord M. 2016 (3838 Lykkeslet E, Gjengedal E, Skrondal T, Storjord M. 'On one's ownstrength' Healthcare providers' experience with introducing Marte Meo Counselling in dementia care. Int J Older People Nurs [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 23];11:24-31. Available from: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/opn.12085/epdf
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.11...
). |
Communication model with the elderly |
Through this model, professionals discovered the value of considering the context of patients. |
Galik E, Resnik B, Hammersla M, Brightwater J. 2014(3939 Galik E, Resnik B, Hammersla M, Brightwater J. Optimizing function and physical activity among nursing home residents with dementia: testing the impact of function-focused care. Gerontologist[Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 23];54(6):930-43. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/gerontologist/article/54/6/930/564371
https://academic.oup.com/gerontologist/a...
). |
Care model with emphasis on mobility and physical activity |
Elderly people with severely impaired cognition can be involved in physical and functional activities. |
Boekhorst ST, Depla MFIA, Francke AL, Twisk JWR, Zwijsen SA, Hertogh CMPM. 2013(4040 Boekhorst ST, Depla MFIA, Francke AL, Twisk JWR, Zwijsen SA, Hertogh CMPM. Quality of life of nursing-home residents with dementia subject to surveillance technology versus physical restraints: an explorative study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry[Internet]. 2013[cited 2018 Jan 23];28:356-63. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22644773
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2264...
). |
Electronic surveillance |
The residents' quality of life is not related to the use of electronic security, but to the use of physical restrictions. |
Fitzsimmons S, Barba B, Stump M. 2014 (4141 Fitzsimmons S, Barba B, Stump M. Sensory and nurturing nonpharmacological interventions for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. J Gerontol Nurs[Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 23];40(11):9-15. Available from: https://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/S_Fitzsimmons_Sensory_2014.pdf
https://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/S_Fitz...
). |
Non-pharmacological sensory interventions |
In order to treat the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, nursing must strive to identify non-pharmacological actions that are meaningful, easy to apply and easily accepted by the elderly. |
Peisah C, Weaver J, Wong L, Strukovski J. 2014(4242 Peisah C, Weaver J, Wong L, Strukovski J. Silent and suffering: a pilot study exploring gaps between theory and practice in pain management for people with severe dementia in residential aged care facilities. Clin Interv Aging[Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 23];9:1767-74. Available from: https://www.dovepress.com/silent-and-suffering-a-pilot-study-exploring-gaps-betweentheory-and-p-peer-reviewed-article-CIA
https://www.dovepress.com/silent-and-suf...
). |
Pain assessment and management |
Early and proactive pain care is recommended to address behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia. |
Mansah M, Coulon L, Bronw P, Reynolds H, Kissiaw S. 2014 (4343 Mansah M, Coulon L, Bronw P, Reynolds H, Kissiaw S. Tailoring dementia care mapping and reflective practice to empower assistants in nursing to provide quality care for residents with dementia. Aust J Adv Nurs[Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 23];31(4):34-44. Available from: http://www.ajan.com.au/Vol31/Issue4/4Mansah.pdf
http://www.ajan.com.au/Vol31/Issue4/4Man...
). |
Elderly care model |
The study highlighted the usefulness of offering training to professionals as a strategy to encourage the development of creative care for residents with dementia. |
Rokstad AM, Rosvik J, Kirkevold O, Selbaek G, Saltyte Benth J Enfedal K, 2013(4444 Rokstad AM, Rosvik J, Kirkevold O, Selbaek G, Saltyte Benth J, Engedal K. The effect of person-centred dementia care to prevent agitation and other neuropsychiatric symptoms and enhance quality of life in nursing home patients: a 10-month randomized controlled trial. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord[Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 23];36(5-6):340-53. Available from: https://www.alz.co.uk/sites/default/files/conf2014/OC003.pdf
https://www.alz.co.uk/sites/default/file...
). |
Two elderly care models |
Two models of care for the elderly were tested, though no significant results were found for the primary outcome (agitation). Secondary outcomes: neuropsychiatric symptoms, psychotic symptoms, depression (only one of the models) and quality of life (only one of the models), obtained positive results. |
Lejman E, Westerbotn M, Poder U, Wadensten B. 2013(4545 Lejman E, Westerbotn M, Poder U, Wadensten B. The ethics of coercive treatment of people with dementia. Nurs Ethics [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Jan 23];20(3):248-62. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23329782
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2332...
). |
Physical restrictions |
Despite legal restrictions, nurses still used restrictions as a way to ensure quality and safety in care. |
Fetherstonhaugh D, Tarzi L, Bauer M, Nay R, Beattie E. 2016 (4646 Fetherstonhaugh D, Tarzi L, Bauer M, Nay R, Beattie E. The Red Dress or the Blue?: how do staff perceive that they support decision making for people with dementia living in residential aged care facilities? J Appl Gerontol [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 23];35(2):209-26. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24762711
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2476...
). |
Aid to the elderly in the decision-making process |
The knowledge of the workers about the elderly should be used to facilitate decision-making in the care of dementia. One must be careful so that this knowledge is not used to manipulate them. |
Niemeijer AR, Depla M, Frederiks B, Francke AL, Hertogh C. 2014(4747 Niemeijer AR, Depla M, Frederiks B, Francke AL, Hertogh C. The use of surveillance technology in residential facilities for people with dementia or intellectual disabilities: a study among nurses and support staff. Am J Nurs[Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 23];114(12):28-37. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25396755
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2539...
). |
Electronic surveillance |
Institutions wishing to implement surveillance technology should encourage the dialogue about how team members see and understand the concepts of autonomy and risk for the elderly. |
Harris M, Grando V. 2014(4848 Harris M, Grando V. When is nighttime? A description of bedtime in persons with dementia in the nursing home. Geriatr Nurs[Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 Jan 23];35:474-8. Available from: http://www.gnjournal.com/article/S0197-4572(14)00221-3/fulltext
http://www.gnjournal.com/article/S0197-4...
). |
Sleep patterns |
The results suggest that bedtime can be influenced by night tasks. Meeting these unique sleep patterns can facilitate the development of non-pharmacological forms of interventions to build sleep cycles around individual preferences and institutional routines. |
Lautenbacher S, Sampson EL, Pahl S, Kunz M. 2016(4949 Lautenbacher S, Sampson EL, Pahl S, Kunz M. Which facial descriptors do care home nurses use to infer whether a person with dementia is in pain. Pain Med[Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 23];18(11):1-11. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28034977
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2803...
). |
Pain evaluation |
Although nurses used all facial descriptors, some were used more frequently than others to infer whether a resident with dementia was in pain. |
Kolanowski A, Van haitsma KS, Penrod J, Hill N, Yevchak A. 2015(5050 Kolanowski A,Van Haitsma KS, Penrod J, Hill N, Yevchak A. Wish we would have known that! communication breakdown impedes person-centered care. Gerontologist [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jan 23];55(S1):50-60. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/gerontologist/article/55/Suppl_1/S50/560959
https://academic.oup.com/gerontologist/a...
). |
Elderly care model |
To improve the use of the model, the flow of information exchange requires: inclusion of all professionals, communication systems that consider available resources, development of educational programs; investment in nursing leadership to effect these changes; and financial approaches to encourage cultural change. |