Educational technology for bathing/hygiene of elders at home: contributions to career knowledge

Sousa, Vitória Lídia Pereira; Moreira, Andréa Carvalho Araújo; Fernandes, Marília Campos; Silva, Maria Adelane Monteiro da; Teixeira, Iane Ximenes; Dourado Júnior, Francisco Wellington

doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0890

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 74 (Suppl 2) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0890 linkcopy

Educational technology for bathing/hygiene of elders at home: contributions to career knowledge

Tecnología educativa para bañar/higiene de los mayores en el hogar: contribuciones al conocimiento professional

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective: to build and validate an educational booklet for bathing and hygiene of elders at home.

Methods: a methodological study, developed through data collection in literature and situational diagnosis, booklet construction, material qualification through validation by expert judges (11 nurses) and target audience (30 caregivers). Data were analyzed descriptively. The minimum content validity index of 0.80 was considered.

Results: in content and appearance validation, experts assigned Content Validity Index global of 0.92, while for assessment of the material’s suitability, the booklet was classified as “superior”, with an average of 90%. In the validation of caregivers, the overall Content Validity Index was 1.0.

Conclusion: the booklet was successfully validated and can be considered in the context of health education and collaborate with an adequate and safe practice of bathing and hygiene of elders at home.

Descriptors:
Educational Technology; Baths; Hygiene; Aged; Nursing

Variables	Variables	I-CVI	p value†
1.Science accuracy
1.1 Contents are in accordance with current knowledge	10 (91)	0.91	0.9141
1.2 Guidelines are necessary and have been addressed correctly	09 (82)	0.82	0.6779
1.3 Technical terms are properly defined	08 (73)	0.73	0.3826
2. Content
2.1 Information objectives are evident	10 (91)	0.91	0.9141
2.2 Information is satisfactory regarding the desired behavior	10 (91)	0.91	0.9141
2.3 There is no unnecessary information	09 (82)	0.82	0.6779
2.4 There is a review of the most important points	09 (82)	0.82	0.6779
2.5 Information is updated	09 (82)	0.82	0.6779
3. Literary presentation
3.1 Language is neutral (without comparative adjectives, without being promotional and without untrue appeals)	09 (82)	0.82	0.6779
3.2 Language is explanatory	10 (91)	0.91	0.9141
3.3 Language is conversational and written, in most of the material in the active voice	09 (82)	0.82	0.6779
3.4 Material encourages adherence to prevention	10 (91)	0.91	0.9141
3.5 Vocabulary is mostly composed of common words	10 (91)	0.91	0.9141
3.6 Each report's content is informed before new knowledge	09 (82)	0.82	0.6779
3.7 Signaling through titles and subtitles helps in learning	11 (100)	1	1
3.8 Vocabulary consists of simple words	09 (82)	0.82	0.6779
3.9 Language is suitable for the target audience	09 (82)	0.82	0.6779
3.10 Ideas are expressed concisely	10 (91)	0.91	0.9141
3.11 Text allows interaction with guidance between professional and target audience	10 (91)	0.91	0.9141
3.12 Text allows interaction with the logical chain of actions for bathing and hygiene of the elders	11 (100)	1	1
3.13 Panning and sequence of information is consistent, making it easier for the target audience to predict the flow of action follow-up	10 (91)	0.91	0.9141
3.14 Material is pleasant to read	10 (91)	0.91	0.9141
3.15 Material is of adequate size	09 (82)	0.82	0.6779
4. Illustrations
4.1 Illustrations are simple, appropriate and dashed and easy to understand	11 (100)	1	1
4.2 Are familiar to readers	11 (100)	1	1
4.3 Are related to the text	11 (100)	1	1
4.4 Are integrated into the text (well located)	11 (100)	1	1
4.5 Figures are self-explanatory	11 (100)	1	1
4.6 Titles and subtitles of the booklet are appropriate and in accordance with figures	11 (100)	1	1
5. Material readability
5.1 Font size is adequate	10 (91)	0.91	0.9141
5.2 Letter style is adequate	11 (100)	1	1
5.3 Letter spacing is adequate	11 (100)	1	1
5.4 Line length is adequate	10 (91)	0.91	0.9141
5.5 Line spacing is adequate	10 (91)	0.91	0.9141
5.6 Using bold and text markers draws attention to specific points or key content	11 (100)	1	1
5.7 There is adequate use of white space to reduce the appearance of crowded text	09 (82)	0.82	0.6779
5.8 Subtitles or entries make reading and memorizing easier	11 (100)	1	1
5.9 Spacing between paragraphs is adequate	11 (100)	1	1
5.10 The material format is suitable	11 (100)	1
6. Sufficiently specific and comprehensive material
6.1 Material promotes awareness of bathing and hygiene of elders correctly	11 (100)	1	1
6.2 Provides maximum benefit for bathing and hygiene of elders	11 (100)	1	1
6.3 Instructions for bathing and hygiene of elders are clear and understandable	10 (91)	0.91	0.9141
6.4 Titles and subtitles are clear and informative	10 (91)	0.91	0.9141
6.5 Using dubious meaning does not occur in the text	11 (100)	1	1
6.6 Content is written in style that has the target audience as the center, i.e. the patient is the most important	09 (82)	0.82	0.6779
7. Information quality
7.1 It is embedded in local culture	11 (100)	1	1
7.2 It is included in current culture	11 (100)	1	1
7.3 Material enables the target audience to perform the desired actions	11 (100)	1	1
7.4 Material helps prevent possible problems	11 (100)	1	1

Variables	Variables	I-CVI	p value†
1. Objectives
1.1 Meets the goals of elder caregivers	30 (100)	1	1
1.2 The booklet can help take care of elders' hygiene	30 (100)	1	1
1.3 It is able to promote reflection on hygiene care that elders need	30 (100)	1	1
2. Organization	30 (100)	1	1
2.1 The educational booklet cover is attractive	30 (100)	1	1
2.2 The size of the title and topics is adequate	30 (100)	1	1
2.3 Topics have a logical sequence	30 (100)	1	1
2.4 There is consistency between cover information, presentation, summary and booklet content	30 (100)	1	1
2.5 The material paper is suitable	30 (100)	1	1
2.6 The number of pages is adequate	30 (100)	1	1
2.7 Themes portray important key aspects	30 (100)	1	1
3. Language
3.1 Writing is in a proper style	30 (100)	1	1
3.2 Text is interesting. The tone is friendly	30 (100)	1	1
3.3 Vocabulary is accessible	30 (100)	1	1
3.4 Concepts are clearly addressed	30 (100)	1	1
3.5 There is an association between the theme of each session and the corresponding text	30 (100)	1	1
3.6 Text is clear.	30 (100)	1	1
4. Appearance
4.1 Illustrations are simple	30 (100)	1	1
4.2 Pages or sessions seem organized	30 (100)	1	1
4.3 The number of figures is sufficient.	30 (100)	1	1
4.4 Figures correspond to the contents illustrated	30 (100)	1	1
4.5 Figures are self-explanatory	30 (100)	1	1
4.6 Figures are provocative of questions	30 (100)	1	1
5. Motivation
5.1 The booklet is suitable for its age, sex and culture	30 (100)	1	1
5.2 The booklet presents logic	30 (100)	1	1
5.3 The booklet arouses interest and curiosity	30 (100)	1	1
5.4 The booklet addresses the issues needed for caregivers	30 (100)	1	1
5.5 The information contained in the booklet is important	30 (100)	1	1
5.6 The booklet proposes to acquire knowledge to carry out care for elders	30 (100)	1	1
5.7 The interaction is invited by the text	30 (100)	1	1
6. Cultural suitability
6.1 After reading the booklet, you would refer it to other caregivers of elders, considering the population's socioeconomic and cultural contexts	30 (100)	1	1

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[TFN1] Note:

[TFN2] *Percentage of agreement in item; I-CVI=Item-Level Content Validity Index;

[TFN3] ^†
Binomial test.