Resiliencia de cuidadores familiares de niños y adolescentes en tratamiento de neoplasias y factores relacionados

Silva, Jaqueline Scalabrin da; Moraes, Otavio Fereira; Sabin, Luiza Dressler; Almeida, Franciele Ormizinda; Magnago, Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza

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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 74 (06) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0388 copiar

Resiliencia de cuidadores familiares de niños y adolescentes en tratamiento de neoplasias y factores relacionados

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivos:

analizar nivel de resiliencia de cuidadores familiares de niños y adolescentes hospitalizados para tratamiento oncológico y factores relacionados.

Métodos:

estudio transversal, realizado en 2018, con 62 cuidadores familiares en un hospital universitario del estado del Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Utilizaron los instrumentos CDRisc-10-Br, SRQ20, PSS-14 y WHOQOLBref para mensurar la resiliencia, disturbios psíquicos menores, estrés y calidad de vida, respectivamente. Empleó estadística inferencial.

Resultados:

predominaron cuidadores del sexo femenino, casados, con un hijo y que practican alguna religión. Fueron clasificados en nivel moderado de resiliencia (48,4%); con sospecha para disturbios psíquicos menores (45%) y alto nivel de estrés (41%). En la calidad de vida, estaban satisfechos en los dominios Físico, Psicológico y Relaciones sociales; e insatisfechos en el dominio Medio ambiente.

Conclusiones:

evidenciaron correlaciones débil a moderada de manera directa entre nivel de resiliencia y calidad de vida y de manera inversa con estrés y disturbios psíquicos menores.

Descriptores:
Resiliencia Psicológica; Enfermería; Salud Laboral; Neoplasias; Cuidadores

Health variables	n	%
Resilience
Low level	16	25.8
Moderate level	30	48.4
High level	16	25.8
MDP suspicion
Yes	27	45
No	33	55
Perceived stress
Low level	18	29.5
Moderate level	18	29.5
High level	25	41.0
QL Domains
Physical Domain
Dissatisfied	20	32.3
Satisfied	42	67.7
Psychological Domain
Dissatisfied	23	37.1
Satisfied	39	62.9
Social Relations Domain
Dissatisfied	24	38.7
Satisfied	38	61.3
Environment Domain
Dissatisfied	47	75.8
Satisfied	15	24.2

Sociodemographic variables	Resilience						p ^* * Pearson's chi-square test;
	Low		Moderate		High
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Sex							0.183^ Pearson's chi-square with correction.
Female	14	28.0	25	50.0	11	22.0
Male	2	16.7	5	41.7	5	41.7
Age group							0.713
20 to 36 years	7	25.0	15	53.6	6	21.4
37 to 66 years old	9	26.5	15	44.1	10	29.4
Educational level							0.255^ Pearson's chi-square with correction.
Elementary incomplete	6	33.3	6	33.3	6	33.3
Complete Elementary	2	45.5	6	54.5	-	-
Incomplete high school	-	-	2	66.7	1	33.3
Complete high school	4	18.2	11	50	7	31.8
Incomplete graduation	1	33.3	1	33.3	1	33.3
Full graduation	-	-	3	75.0	1	25.0
Complete postgraduate	-	-	1	100	-	-
Marital status							0.057^ Pearson's chi-square with correction.
Single/no partner	6	31.6	12	63.2	1	5.3
Married/Stable Marriage	10	23.3	18	41.9	15	34.9
Number of children							0.532^ Pearson's chi-square with correction.
0 or 1	7	31.8	11	50.0	4	18.2
2 or more	9	22.5	19	47.5	12	30.0
practice some religion							0.208^ Pearson's chi-square with correction.
No	4	28.6	9	64.3	1	7.1
Yes	12	25.0	21	43.8	15	31.3
Region of residence							0.985
Urban	11	26.2	20	47.6	11	26.2
Rural	5	25.0	10	50.0	5	25.0

Physical activity, leisure, and work variables	Resilience						p ^* * Pearson's chi-square test;
	Low		Moderate		High
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Practiced physical activity							0.066^ Pearson's chi-square with correction.
No	14	35.0	18	45.0	8	20.0
Yes	2	9.1	12	54.5	8	36.4
Continued practicing							0.750^ Pearson's chi-square with correction.
No	2	10.0	10	50.0	8	40.0
Yes	-	-	3	60.0	2	40.0
Partake in leisure activity							0.156^ Pearson's chi-square with correction.
No	8	40%	9	45.0	3	15.0
Yes	8	19.0	21	50.0	13	31.0
Currently works							0.175^ Pearson's chi-square with correction.
No	2	34.3	14	40.0	9	25.7
Yes	4	15.4	16	61.5	6	23.1
Continued working							0.297^ Pearson's chi-square with correction.
No	9	32.1	11	39.3	8	28.6
Yes	3	13.6	12	54.5	7	31.8

Health variables	Resilience						p ^* * Pearson's chi-square test;
	Low		Moderate		High
	n	%	n	%	n	%
MDP							0.012^ Pearson's chi-square with correction;
No	4	12.1	17	51.5	12	36.4^¥ ¥ adjusted standardized residuals; MPD - minor psychological disorders.
Yes	12	44.4^¥ ¥ adjusted standardized residuals; MPD - minor psychological disorders.	11	40.7	4	14.8
Perceived stress							0.020^ Pearson's chi-square with correction;
Low level	1	5.6	10	55.6	7	38.9^¥ ¥ adjusted standardized residuals; MPD - minor psychological disorders.
Moderate level	4	22.2	11	61.1^¥ ¥ adjusted standardized residuals; MPD - minor psychological disorders.	3	16.7
High level	11	44.0^¥ ¥ adjusted standardized residuals; MPD - minor psychological disorders.	8	32.0	6	24.0
Quality of life Domains
Physical Domain							0.491^ Pearson's chi-square with correction;
Dissatisfied	7	35.0	9	45.0	4	20.0
Satisfied	9	21.4	21	50.0	12	28.6
Psychological Domain							0.211^ Pearson's chi-square with correction;
Dissatisfied	7	30.4	13	56.5	3	13.0
Satisfied	9	23.1	17	43.6	13	33.3
Social Relations Domain							0.342^ Pearson's chi-square with correction;
Dissatisfied	8	33.3	12	50.0	4	16.7
Satisfied	8	21.1	18	47.4	12	31.6
Environment Domain							0.004^ Pearson's chi-square with correction;
Dissatisfied	14	29.8^¥ ¥ adjusted standardized residuals; MPD - minor psychological disorders.	26	55.3^¥ ¥ adjusted standardized residuals; MPD - minor psychological disorders.	7	14.9
Satisfied	2	13.3	4	26.7	9	60.0^¥ ¥ adjusted standardized residuals; MPD - minor psychological disorders.

Variables	1	2	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11
1. Resilience	1
2. Age	.138	1
3. MDP	-.541^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	-.110	1
4. Perceived stress	-.371^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.037	.550^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	1
5. PhQL	.330^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.128	-.806^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	-.331^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	1
6. PsQL	.392^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.191	-.622^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	-.396^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.489^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	1
7. SRQL	.351^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.053	-.594^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	-.452^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.444^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.483^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	1
8. EQL	.460^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.137	-.517^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	-.307^* * statistical significance at 0.001;	.391^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.468^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.461^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	1
9. GQL^* ***** item referring to questions 1 and 2 of the WHOQOL-Bref.	.221	.027	-.351^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	-.197	.377^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.274^* * statistical significance at 0.001;	.164	.229	1
10. SHQL ^* ***** item referring to questions 1 and 2 of the WHOQOL-Bref.	.372^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	-.006	-.486^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	-.231	.453^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.442^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.375^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.133	.417^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	1

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[1] Corresponding author: Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza Magnago E-mail: magnago.tania@gmail.com

Variables	1	2	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11
1. Resilience	1
2. Age	.138	1
3. MDP	-.541^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	-.110	1
4. Perceived stress	-.371^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.037	.550^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	1
5. PhQL	.330^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.128	-.806^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	-.331^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	1
6. PsQL	.392^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.191	-.622^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	-.396^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.489^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	1
7. SRQL	.351^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.053	-.594^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	-.452^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.444^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.483^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	1
8. EQL	.460^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.137	-.517^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	-.307^* * statistical significance at 0.001;	.391^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.468^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.461^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	1
9. GQL^* ***** item referring to questions 1 and 2 of the WHOQOL-Bref.	.221	.027	-.351^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	-.197	.377^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.274^* * statistical significance at 0.001;	.164	.229	1
10. SHQL ^* ***** item referring to questions 1 and 2 of the WHOQOL-Bref.	.372^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	-.006	-.486^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	-.231	.453^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.442^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.375^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	.133	.417^ statistical significance at 0.05. Points: r from 0.10 to 0.39 as weak dependence between variables; 0.40 to 0.69 as moderate; and from 0.70 to 1.00 as a strong correlation (DANCEY, C.; REIDY, J., 2006);	1