Escala para evaluar la calidad de vida de las mujeres con infección por Papiloma virus Humano

Pereira-Caldeira, Natália Maria Vieira; Santos, Cláudia Benedita dos; Pereira-Ávila, Fernanda Maria Vieira; Quintana, Silvana Maria; Gir, Elucir

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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 74 (06) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0698 copiar

Escala para evaluar la calidad de vida de las mujeres con infección por Papiloma virus Humano

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivos:

desarrollar y validar una escala para evaluar la calidad de vida de mujeres con infección por virus del papiloma humano.

Métodos:

estudio metodológico para el desarrollo de las etapas de elaboración de los ítems, validación aparente y de contenido, validación semántica, pre-test, asignación de ítems en dominios y confiabilidad.

Resultados:

se elaboraron 98 ítems, los cuales fueron sometidos a validación aparente y de contenido (versión 2; n=05). En la validación semántica, el 90,9% de las mujeres consideró los ítems claros y comprensibles (versión 3; n=11). En el pretest, la mejor aplicabilidad fue en forma de cuestionario autoadministrado en relación a la entrevista (versión 4; n=38). El Análisis Factorial Exploratorio asignó 58 ítems en 6 dominios; (versión 5; n=351). Para la confiabilidad, el valor alfa de Cronbach general fue 0,883.

Conclusiones:

el instrumento demostró ser válido y confiable para evaluar la calidad de vida de mujeres con infección por virus del papiloma humano, compuesto por 54 ítems distribuidos en 6 dominios

Descriptores:
Infecciones por Papillomavirus; Calidad de Vida; Psicometría; Estudio de Validación; Salud de la Mujer

Variables	f	%
High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion - Cervical	307	73.1
CIN III^* * CIN - cervical intraepithelial neoplasm;	200	47.6
CIN II	91	21.7
ASCH^ ASCH - atypical squamous cells that cannot exclude a high-grade lesion;	11	2.6
Adenocarcinoma	03	0.7
Carcinoma	02	0.5
High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion-Vulva and Vagina	10	2.3
VIN III^* ***** VIN - vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia;	06	1.4
VAIN II^** ****** VAIN - vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia.	01	0.2
VAIN III	03	0.7
Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion	103	24.5
Condyloma	53	12.4
CIN I	37	9.0
Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance	08	2.0
VAIN I	05	1.1

Rotating factor matrix^* * Extraction Method: unweighted least squares; Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization; Converged rotation in 9 iterations
	Factor
	1	2	3	4	5	6
ITEM01	0.697
ITEM02	0.673
ITEM03	0.655
ITEM04	0.653
ITEM05	0.648
ITEM06	0.641			0.301
ITEM07	0.600
ITEM08	0.589
ITEM09	0.573
ITEM10	0.570
ITEM11	0.519
ITEM12	0.510
ITEM13	0.500
ITEM14	0.464
ITEM15	0.444
ITEM16	0.346				0.328
ITEM17	0.305
ITEM18		0.926
ITEM19		0.912
ITEM20		0.909
ITEM21		0.887
ITEM22		0.864
ITEM23		0.852
ITEM24		0.583
ITEM25		0.575
ITEM26		0.515
ITEM27		0.461
ITEM28		0.418				0.320
ITEM29		0.342
ITEM30			0.828
ITEM31			0.775
ITEM32	0.326		0.747
ITEM33	0.341		0.720
ITEM34				0.609
ITEM35				0.576
ITEM36				0.564
ITEM37				0.545
ITEM38				-0.478
ITEM39	0.368			0.430
ITEM40				0.422
ITEM41				-0.405
ITEM42^ Item excluded according to the factorial load criterion ≤ 0.30.
ITEM43^ Item excluded according to the factorial load criterion ≤ 0.30.
ITEM44^ Item excluded according to the factorial load criterion ≤ 0.30.
ITEM45					0.593
ITEM46					0.524
ITEM47					0.503
ITEM48					0.472
ITEM49					0.452
ITEM50					0.431
ITEM51					0.424
ITEM52				0.305	0.414
ITEM53	0.321				0.403
ITEM54					-0.348
ITEM55					0.326
ITEM56						0.751
ITEM57						0.694
ITEM58						0.639
ITEM59						0.423
ITEM60						0.367
ITEM61						0.366
ITEM62^ Item excluded according to the factorial load criterion ≤ 0.30.
ITEM63^ Item excluded according to the factorial load criterion ≤ 0.30.

Factor	Items	Cronbach's alpha if an item is deleted
Factor 1 0.903	1- I have a lack of appetite after being diagnosed with HPV	0.889
	2- I have trouble sleeping after being diagnosed with HPV	0.889
	3- I have negative feelings, such as anxiety and/or depression due to HPV	0.895
	4- I am afraid of not curing myself from HPV	0.898
	5- I feel judged for having HPV	0.902
	6- I am afraid of dying as a result of HPV diagnosis	0.897
	7- I feel less pleasure in sex after HPV diagnosis	0.893
	8- Concern with HPV diagnosis deconcentrates me from activities at work (be it formal or informal work)	0.899
	9- I feel pain related to HPV infection when performing daily activities	0.897
	10- I feel physical discomfort related to HPV infection	0.898
	11- I feel an itchy anus and/or vagina related to HPV infection	0.898
	12- HPV infection changes my way of living	0.899
	13- I feel disinterested in maintaining an emotional relationship after HPV diagnosis	0.894
	14- I feel worried during intercourse	0.893
	15- I avoid having sex due to my HPV diagnosis	0.893
	16- The frequency of my sexual relations changed after HPV diagnosis	0.894
	17- I receive information about condom use during sexual intercourse after HPV diagnosis	0.903
Factor 2: 0.924	18- I receive information about the risks of being a carrier and of worsening HPV	0.926
	19- I receive information from the physician about my diagnosis	0.911
	20- I receive information from the nurse about my diagnosis	0.912
	21- I receive information from the medical staff about my diagnosis	0.909
	22- I receive information from the physician about my treatment	0.910
	23- I receive information from the nurse about my treatment	0.912
	24- I receive information from the medical staff about my treatment	0.910
	25- I am open to clarify doubts with the physician who assists me	0.921
	26- I am open to clarify doubts with the nursing staff that assists me	0.921
	27- I clarify the doubts I have about HPV with the physician who assists me	0.927
	28- I feel satisfied with my medical treatment	0.926
	29- I feel welcomed by the health staff that assists me	0.929
Factor 3: 0.904	30- I feel afraid when being examined by the physician	0.889
	31- I feel afraid when being examined by the nurse	0.869
	32- I feel ashamed when I am examined by the physician	0.869
	33- I feel ashamed when I am examined by the nurse	0.877
Factor 4: 0.776	34- I feel isolated by other people due to HPV diagnosis	0.785
	35- I stop being with the people I like because of HPV diagnosis	0.743
	36- I am assisted by the psychologist	0.637
	37- I am assisted by the social worker	0.669
	38- I fail to perform leisure/recreation activities (walks, church, gym) due to HPV diagnosis	0.748
	39- My daily work has changed due to HPV diagnosis	0.725
	40- The relationship with my co-worker (s) changed after the discovery of my HPV diagnosis	0.740
	41- The relationship with family members changed after the discovery of my HPV diagnosis	0.716
Factor 5: 0.772	42- I'm ashamed to say that I have HPV	0.761
	43- I am afraid that HPV will interfere with my ability to have children	0.768
	44- Absence from work due to HPV treatment	0.773
	45- I am afraid that my partner will break the affective relationship due to my HPV diagnosis	0.746
	46- I feel less desired by my partner (s) due to my HPV diagnosis	0.759
	47- I am concerned about the risk of transmitting HPV to my partner (s)	0.761
	48- I think I was deceived by my partner (s) for acquiring HPV	0.746
	49- I feel angry towards my partner because of the possibility that he transmitted HPV to me	0.746
	50- I consider myself guilty for having acquired the HPV virus	0.751
	51- I feel uncomfortable with my image	0.752
	52- I feel insecure in my affective relationship with my partner after HPV diagnosis	0.740
Factor 6: 0.764	53- I have support from my family members regarding HPV diagnosis	0.735
	54- I get all the support I need from my friends in the face of HPV diagnosis	0.766
	55- I share the HPV diagnosis with a member of my family	0.752
	56- I receive from my partner (s) all the support I need when diagnosing HPV	0.711
	57- I share my doubts, anxieties or fears I feel about my HPV diagnosis with my partner (s)	0.695
	58- I share information about HPV diagnosis with my partner (s)	0.712

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[1] Corresponding author: Natália Maria Vieira Pereira-Caldeira E-mail: natalia.mvpereira@hotmail.com