Spirituality and religiosity in palliative care: learning to govern |
2014 Brazil |
Review n = 6 books and 1 handbook |
Speeches about R/S |
Literature approaches R/S as part of the PC |
Cuestionarios de evaluación e intervención espiritual en cuidados paliativos: una revisión crítica
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2014 Spain |
Review n = 57 instruments |
Evaluation of instruments approaching spirituality employed in the PC |
There are limitations to instruments. |
“To Cherish Each Day as it Comes”: a qualitative study of spirituality among persons receiving palliative care |
2013 Iceland |
Qualitative, phenomenological n = 10 patients |
Meaning of spirituality according to patients under PC |
Spirituality is considered to be important and can involve religion or not. |
Spirituality in palliative home care: a framework for the clinician |
2013 Belgium |
Qualitative n = 35 experts |
Identification of spiritual support elements in the context of palliative home care |
It identified 14 elements of spiritual support. |
Spiritual coping and anxiety in palliative care patients: a pilot study |
2013 USA |
Pilot study n = 31 patients |
Link between spiritual coping and anxiety |
Anxiety was inversely related to coping (P < 0.01). |
Atención espiritual em cuidados paliativos. Valoración y vivencia de los usuarios |
2013 Spain |
Quantitative, descriptive, comparative of a crosssectional cohort n = 1 patient, 55 caregivers |
Perception of patients under PC and caregivers about spiritual support |
Spiritual support helps to give hope (88%), comfort (83%) and meaning (79.1%). |
GPs’ views concerning spirituality and the use of the FICA tool in palliative care in Flanders: a qualitative Study |
2012 Belgium |
Qualitative n = 23 general practitioners |
Verification of points of view about the FICA for spiritual evaluation |
The FICA could be a feasible instrument to evaluate spirituality. |
Can Spirituality Be Taught to Health Care Professionals? |
2012 Australia |
Quantitative, longitudinal n = 113 professionals |
Evaluation of workshops to improve the PC team’s knowledge about spirituality |
Increase was observed for spirituality, spiritual support, and trust after the workshops (p < 0.001). |
Spirituality and spiritual caring: nurses’ perspectives and practice in palliative and acute care environments |
2012 Australia |
Quantitative, crosssectional n = 42 PC nurses and 50 intensive care nurses |
Link between caring and the spiritual perspective |
There was a link between caring and the spiritual perspective (p = 0.02). |
What can we learn about the spiritual needs of palliative care patients from the research literature? |
2012 United Kingdom |
Review n = 35 studies/1,374 patients |
Evidence about the spirituality of patients under PC |
There was a prevalence of studies with reductive representations of spirituality. |
The ‘‘Spirit 8’’ successfully captured spiritual well-being in African palliative care: factor and Rasch analysis |
2012 England |
Quantitative, crosssectional n = 285 patients |
Evaluation of spiritual well-being of patients under PC |
Being a patient from Uganda (p = 0.002) or having HIV (p = 0.002) was associated with a lower well-being. |
The role of spirituality and religious coping in the quality of life of patients with advanced cancer palliative radiation therapy |
2012 USA |
Quantitative, crosssectional n = 69 patients |
Characterization of R/S and religious coping |
Most of the participants (84%) use R/S to deal with the disease. |
The frequency and correlates of spiritual distress among patients with advanced cancer admitted to an acute palliative care unit |
2011 USA |
Quantitative n = 113 patients |
Analysis of factors associated with spiritual distress |
Distress was associated with age (OR = 0.96, P = 0.012) and depression (OR = 1.27, P = 0.020). |
Spirituality, distress, depression, anxiety, and quality of life in patients with advanced cancer |
2011 India |
Quantitative, descriptive, crosssectional n = 50 patients |
Influence of spiritual well-being on distress and depression |
It showed a negative association between distress, sadness, depression, anxiety, and spiritual well-being (p < 0.005). |
A psychometric evaluation of measures of spirituality validated in culturally diverse palliative care populations |
2011 England |
Review n = 191 articles, 85 instruments |
Evaluation of instruments approaching spirituality in PC |
No instrument met all the psychometric criteria. |
The central importance of spirituality in palliative care |
2011 England |
Review n = not informed |
Evaluation of the importance of spirituality in PC |
Spirituality is crucial in cases of terminal disease. |
Perspectives on spiritual support at Hospice Africa Uganda |
2011 Africa |
Qualitative, phenomenological n =15 professionals |
Understanding spiritual support in the African context. |
Financial resources and beliefs were regarded as harmful for spiritual support. |
The measurement of spirituality in palliative care and the content of tools validated cross culturally: a systematic review |
2011 England |
Review n = 191 articles, 85 instruments |
Evaluation of instruments that approach spirituality in PC |
Nine instruments were validated in a cross-cultural way among PC populations. |
Spirituality of parents of children in palliative care |
2011 USA |
Quantitative n = 121 parents of children with terminal diseases |
Identification of factors associated with the spirituality of parents |
Being married and having children with higher sight and hearing capacities were associated with higher spirituality (p < 0.05). |
Spirituality and end-of-life care in disadvantaged men dying of prostate cancer |
2011 USA |
Quantitative n = 35 men with prostate cancer |
Association between spirituality and care received |
Care of patients at the end of life was similar between men with higher or lower spirituality. |
How parents of children receiving pediatric palliative care use religion, spirituality, or life philosophy in tough times |
2011 USA |
Qualitative, prospective cohort n = 64 parents of children under PC. |
Role played by spirituality, religion, or philosophy with regard to parents |
Religion, spirituality, and philosophy were relevant to help parents deal with the situation. |
Meanings and practices of spirituality in the context of palliative care for adult cancer patients |
2011 Brazil |
Review n = 11 articles |
Meanings and practices of spirituality in the PC context |
Spirituality assists individuals in better coping with end-of-life situations. |
Spirituality in the interdisciplinary team that works with palliative Care to cancer patients |
2011 Brazil |
Qualitative, descriptive, exploratory n = 8 professionals |
Meaning of spirituality to the interdisciplinary team working in PC |
Spirituality involved provision of integral and holistic care, and was related to faith. |
La mejora de la calidad de los cuidados espirituales como una dimensión de los cuidados paliativos: el informe de la Conferencia de Consenso |
2011 USA |
Qualitative n = 40 leaders |
Recommendations about the use of spirituality in PC. |
Recommendations involve practices to implement spiritual support and integrate spirituality in therapy. |
The understanding of spirituality and the potential role of spiritual support in end-of-life and palliative care: a meta-study of qualitative research |
2010 United Kingdom |
Review n = 19 articles, 178 patients, and 116 professionals |
Summary about spirituality and spiritual support at the end of life |
Several obstacles to spiritual support were found. |
The spirit of palliative practice: a qualitative inquiry into the spiritual journey of palliative care physician |
2010 Canada |
Qualitative, descriptive n = 6 physicians working in palliative care |
The influence of PC practice on spirituality and spiritual growth |
Spirituality had an impact on care and growth that resulted from interaction with the patient. |
Content and spiritual items of quality-of-life instruments appropriate for use in palliative care: a review |
2010 Holland |
Review n = 29 instruments |
Evaluation of QOL instruments used in PC |
It showed that 15 instruments approached the spiritual domain. |
Impact of spirituality on palliative care physicians: personally and professionally |
2009 Canada |
Qualitative, phenomenological n = 10 physicians |
PC physicians’ understanding about spirituality |
Understanding involved the concept of spirituality and its difference from religion. |
Bienestar espiritual de enfermos terminales y de personas aparentemente sanas |
2009 Colombia |
Quantitative, descriptive, comparative n = 44 patients and 44 healthy individuals |
Comparison between the spiritual well-being of individuals at the end of life and healthy individuals |
Healthy individuals presented more spiritual well-being (p = 0.034) and a higher existential component (p = 0.000). |
Measures of spiritual issues for palliative care patients: a literature review |
2008 United Kingdom |
Review n = 29 instruments |
Evaluation of instruments that approach spirituality in PC |
There were few spirituality instruments specifically for PC. |
Spirituality and the care of patients at the end of-life: an essential component of care |
2008 USA |
Review n = not informed |
Approach of PC and spirituality-related issues |
Spirituality is crucial for treating terminal patients. |
Analysis of the nature of spiritual pain in terminal patients and the resignification process through the relaxation, mental images and spirituality (RIME) intervention |
2008 Brazil |
Quanti-qualitative, phenomenological n = 11 terminal patients |
Investigation about the new meanings of spiritual pain during the RIME application |
The RIME has promoted peacefulness, dignity, and quality of life in the process of dying. |
Incorporating spirituality and religiosity in pain management and palliative care |
2007 Brazil |
Review n = not informed |
Strategies used in patients suffering from chronic pain related to R/S |
There is a wide range of R/S strategies aimed at patients with chronic pain; however, they lack scientific evidence. |
Training program about the therapeutical intervention "relaxation, mental images and spirituality" (RIME) for re-signify the spiritual pain of terminal patients |
2007 Brazil |
Quanti-quali, phenomenological n = 11 patients and 6 professionals |
Evaluation of the training program for the RIME intervention |
The training program proved to be efficacious to prepare health professionals to use the RIME intervention. |
Collective soul: The spirituality of an interdisciplinary palliative care team |
2006 Canada |
Qualitative, selfethnographic n = 20 professionals |
A PC team’s understanding about spirituality |
Participants showed difficulty in defining spirituality. |
A Thematic Review of the Spirituality Literature within Palliative Care |
2006 Canada |
Review n = 58 articles |
Analysis of spirituality within the PC scope |
Most of the discussions approach conceptual issues about spirituality |
Spirituality, psychotherapy and music in palliative cancer care: research projects in psycho-oncology at an oncology center in Switzerland |
2005 Switzerland |
Qualitative n = 135 patients with terminal cancer |
Feasibility of music, psychotherapy, and spiritual support for patients with cancer |
Music therapy, psychotherapy, and spiritual support provide essential methods to PC. |
Spirituality and Distress in Palliative Care Consultation |
2005 USA |
Pilot study n = 31 patients |
Link between spirituality, religious coping, and distress symptoms |
Negative religious coping was associated with distress, confusion, and depression (P <& 0.05). |
New perspectives in palliative care: ethics, geriatrics, gerontology, communication and spirituality |
2005 Brazil |
Review n = not informed |
Understanding the dimensions of life |
The study emphasized the important role of spirituality in face of mortality. |