Validation of an educational game about first aid for schoolchildren

Methods: this is a methodological, quantitative and descriptive research, carried out using the Delphi technique, using an online collection instrument, covering 55 items of the game. Content and appearance assessment was performed by 26 judges. The data were analyzed using Content Validity index.

Results: the final prototype is presented in a board format, composed of four buildable pawns and 117 cards between questions, alerts and challenges. Overall Content Validity index of 0.95 and greater than 0.8 was obtained for all items in two Delphi rounds.

Conclusions: the educational game validated by experts is a pedagogical tool for teaching first aid to schoolchildren as an option to traditional educational practices.

Descriptors:
Validation Study; Play and Playthings; First Aid; Child; Nursing

ASSESSED ITEMS	Agreement percentage		I-CVI
ASSESSED ITEMS	Group 1^* * Nurses and doctors (N=13);	Group 2^ Elementary school teachers (N=13); I-CVI - Content Validity of Individual Items; SD - Standard Deviation; S-CVI/AVE - Average of content validity indexes for all indexes obtained.	I-CVI
(A) GAME RULES VALIDATION
1. Age and number of participants are consistent	9	11	0.77
2. The number of cards is adequate	8	10	0.69
3. Introduction is clear and easy to understand	12	9	0.81
4. The game's objective is clear and consistent	11	8	0.73
5. Card categories are clear and objective	12	9	0.81
6. Card categories are consistent and appropriate	12	12	0.92
7. Preparation is clear and objective	12	13	0.96
8. Preparation is easy to understand and consistent	11	12	0.88
9. The game rules have important steps	11	10	0.81
10. The game rules show clarity and objectivity	11	10	0.81
11. The rules are easy to understand and consistent	11	11	0.85
12. Extra cards are exposed clearly and objectively	11	12	0.88
13. There is an attraction in the existence of these cards	13	13	1.00
14. The form of closure is clear and consistent	12	12	0.92
15. The rules are in accordance with the game's purpose	12	13	0.96
(B) GAME DESIGN VALIDATION
1. Title and content size in the topics is adequate	11	9	0.77
2. Design is attractive (interface like cards or boards)	10	9	0.69
3. Images are capable of drawing the attention of children	13	12	0.96
4. Images are clear enough	13	13	1.00
(C) GAME CARDS VALIDATION
QUESTIONS AND ALERTS
1. Card look is appropriate	13	11	0.92
2. Card content is clear and objective	11	10	0.81
3. Questions are easy to understand	09	10	0.73
4. Language is compatible with the level of knowledge	10	8	0.69
5. Language is adequate and accessible	10	10	0.77
6. Language verses with interaction/involvement	11	10	0.81
CHALLENGES
1. Card look is appropriate	13	11	0.92
2. Card content is clear and objective	13	12	0.88
3. Questions are easy to understand	11	11	0.85
4. Language is compatible with the level of knowledge	12	10	0.85
5. Language is adequate and accessible	12	10	0.85
6. Language verses with interaction/involvement	11	11	0.85
(D) GAME RELEVANCE AND SATISFACTION
OBJECTIVES
1. Content is relevant to the teaching of first aid	12	13	0.96
2. The information presented in the game is consistent	12	11	0.88
3. Enables clarification of doubts	12	13	0.96
4. Favors reflection on the theme	12	13	0.96
5. Influences adoption of new behaviors	12	12	0.92
STRUCTURE AND PRESENTATION
6. The game is stimulating for children	12	10	0.85
7. The game offers situations or variations of activities, making it dynamic or attractive	12	13	0.96
8. The game features key aspects that are reinforced with children	12	13	0.96
9. Questions relate to the topic of learning	12	13	0.96
10. Content is adequate for schoolchildren	11	11	0.85
11. Contents are presented clearly and objectively	10	12	0.85
12. Contents are arranged completely and comprehensively	12	12	0.92
13. Contents accurately reach the approach to the themes	12	12	0.92
14. Variation in the presentation of content helps to maintain attention	12	12	0.92
15. Features different levels of challenges	12	12	0.92
16. Challenges and alerts contribute to the game dynamism	11	12	0.88
SOCIAL INTERACTION
17. The game promotes interaction between people	12	12	0.92
18. The game promotes moments of cooperation between participants	11	13	0.92
RELEVANCE
19. After the game the topics covered are easy to remember	12	12	0.92
20. After the game children are able to apply what they have learned	12	11	0.88
21. The game contributes to children's understanding of the theme	12	13	0.96
22. The game is efficient for learning, compared to other teaching activities	12	13	0.96
23. The experience with the game contribute to children's learning	12	13	0.96
24. Stimulates interest in the theme	12	13	0.96
S-CVI/Ave	0.88

PROPOSED QUESTIONS	Agreement percentage		I-CVI
PROPOSED QUESTIONS	Group 1^* * Nurses and doctors (N=10);	Group 2^ Elementary school teachers (N=08); I-CVI - Content Validity of Individual Items; SD - Standard Deviation; S-CVI/AVE - Average of content validity indexes for all indexes obtained.	I-CVI
(A) GAME RULES VALIDATION
1. Age and number of participants are consistent	9	8	0.94
2. The number of cards is adequate	10	08	1.00
4. Objective is clear and consistent	10	8	1.00
B) GAME DESIGN VALIDATION
1. Title and content size in the topics is appropriate	9	6	0.83
2. The game design is attractive (interface as cards or board)	10	8	1.00
C) GAME CARDS VALIDATION
QUESTIONS AND ALERTS
1. Questions are easy to understand
Intoxication	9	8	0.94
Burn	9	8	0.94
Drowning	9	8	0.94
Suffocation	9	8	0.94
Traffic accidents	9	8	0.94
Falls	10	8	1.00
2. Language is compatible with level of knowledge
Intoxication	10	8	1.00
Burn	9	8	0.94
Drowning	8	8	0.89
Suffocation	8	8	0.89
Traffic accidents	9	8	0.94
Falls	10	8	1.00
3. Language is adequate and accessible
Intoxication	9	8	0.94
Burn	9	8	0.94
Drowning	9	8	0.94
Suffocation	9	8	0.94
Traffic accidents	9	8	0.94
Falls	9	8	0.94
S-CVI/Ave			0.95

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E-mail: reben@abennacional.org.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Keyla Cristiane do Nascimento E-mail: keyla.n@ufsc.br