Controle ineficaz da saúde: análise de conceito

estudo de Análise de Conceito na perspectiva de Walker e Avant, desenvolvido a partir de uma revisão integrativa utilizando-se das bases de dados Scopus, LILACS, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Science Direct e Cochrane, com os descritores: Adesão à Medicação; Cooperação e Adesão ao Tratamento e Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida.

Resultados:

foram identificados cinco atributos críticos para o conceito, a saber: recusa do paciente em seguir o plano terapêutico; abandono do tratamento e agravamento de sinais e sintomas; dificul,,dade para alcançar metas pactuadas; dificuldade em seguir as orientações dos profissionais de saúde; processo multifatorial e dinâmico.

Conclusões:

o conceito Controle Ineficaz da Saúde se caracteriza por um processo multifatorial e dinâmico evidenciado pela recusa do paciente em seguir plano terapêutico, favorecendo o abandono do tratamento e tendo como consequências o agravamento de sinais e sintomas e não alcance das metas.

Descritores:
Diagnóstico de Enfermagem; Cooperação e Adesão ao Tratamento; Formação de Conceito; Adesão à Medicação; Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida

Estudos	Ano/País/ Base de Dados/ Área	Tipo de Estudo/ Nível de Evidência (NE)	Atributos do conceito
E1(⁶6 Moriarty K, Genberg B, Norman B, Reece R. The effect of antiretroviral stock-outs on medication adherence among patients living with HIV in Ghana: a qualitative study. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2018;29(2):231-240. doi: 10.1016/j.jana.2017.09.014 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2017.09.0... )	2018/Gana/Scopus/I	Descritivo NE = 6	Dificuldade para alcançar metas pactuadas entre a pessoa e o profissional de saúde
E2(⁷7 Tegegne AS, Ndlovu P, Zewotir T. Determinants of CD4 cell count change and time-to default from HAART;a comparison of separate and joint models. BMC Infect Dis. 2018;18(1):197. doi: 10.1186/s12879-018-3108-7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3108-... )	2018/Etiópia/Scopus/II	Coorte longitudinal NE = 3	Recusa do paciente em seguir o plano terapêutico
E3(⁸8 Ahmed CV, Jolly P, Padilla L, Malinga M, Harris C, Mthethwa N, et al. Barriers to ART initiation for HIV-positive children 2-18 months in Swaziland. Afr J AIDS Res. 2018;17(2):193-202. doi: 10.2989/16085906.2018.1488266 https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2018.14... )	2017/Suazilândia/Scopus/I	Descritivo NE = 6	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E4(⁹9 Schensul SL, Ha T, Schensul JJ, et al. The role of alcohol on antiretroviral therapy adherence among persons living with HIV in Urban India. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2017;78(5):716-24. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2017.78.716 https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2017.78.71... )	2017/Índia/PubMed/ I	Transversal NE = 6	Recusa do paciente em seguir o plano terapêutico
E5(¹⁰10 Conroy AA, McKenna SA, Leddy A. "If she is drunk, i don't want her to take it": partner beliefs and influence on use of alcohol and antiretroviral therapy in South African Couples. AIDS Behav. 2017;21(7):1885‐91. doi: 10.1007/s10461-017-1697-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-017-1697-... )	2017/África do Sul/PubMed/II	Estudo descritivo NE = 6	Recusa do paciente em seguir o plano terapêutico
E6(¹¹11 Croome N, Ahluwalia M, Hughes LD, Abas M. Patient-reported barriers and facilitators to antiretroviral adherence in sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS. 2017;31(7):995-1007. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001416 https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.000000000000... )	2017/Reino Unido/Cochrane/I	Revisão sistemática NE = 1	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E7(¹²12 Masa R, Chowa G, Nyirenda V. Chuma na Uchizi: a livelihood intervention to increase food security of people living with HIV in Rural Zambia. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2018;29(1):349-72. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2018.0024 https://doi.org/10.1353/hpu.2018.0024... )	2017/Zâmbia/Scopus/III	Transversal NE = 6	Dificuldade para alcançar metas pactuadas entre a pessoa e o profissional de saúde
E8(¹³13 Buregyeya E, Naigino R, Mukose A. Facilitators and barriers to uptake and adherence to lifelong antiretroviral therapy among HIV infected pregnant women in Uganda: a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2017;17(1):94. doi: 10.1186/s12884-017-1276-x https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-017-1276-... )	2017/Uganda/Scopus/ II	Descritivo NE = 6	Recusa do paciente em seguir o plano terapêutico
E9(¹⁴14 Guira O, Kaboré DSR, Dao G, Zagré N, Zohoncon TM, Pietra V, et al. Prévalence de la non-observance à la trithérapie antirétrovirale et facteurs cliniques et thérapeutiques associés chez les patients à Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Méd Santé Tropic. 2016;26(4):396-401. doi: 10.1684/mst.2016.0604 https://doi.org/10.1684/mst.2016.0604... )	2016/Burkina Faso/Scopus/II	Transversal NE = 6	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E10(¹⁵15 Been SK, van de Vijver DA, Nieuwkerk PT. Risk factors for non-adherence to cART in immigrants with HIV living in the Netherlands: results from the ROtterdam ADherence (ROAD) Project. PLoS One. 2016;11(10):e0162800. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162800 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.016... )	2016/Holanda/PubMed/II	Transversal NE = 6	Dificuldade para alcançar metas pactuadas entre a pessoa e o profissional de saúde
E11(¹⁶16 Willie TC, Overstreet NM, Sullivan TP, Sikkema KJ, Hansen NB. Barriers to HIV Medication adherence: examining distinct anxiety and depression symptoms among women living with HIV who experienced childhood sexual abuse. Behav Med. 2016;42(2):120-7. doi: 10.1080/08964289.2015.1045823 https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2015.10... )	2016/EUA/PubMed/II	Descritivo NE = 6	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E12(¹⁷17 Nguyen NT, Tran BX, Hwang LY, Markham CM, Swartz MD, Vidrine JI, et al. Motivation to quit smoking among HIV-positive smokers in Vietnam. BMC Pub Health. 2015;15:326. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1672-y https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1672-... )	2015/Vietnã/PubMed/III	Transversal NE = 6	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E13(¹⁸18 Saberi P, Neilands TB, Vittinghoff E, Johnson MO, Chesney M, Cohn SE. Barriers to antiretroviral therapy adherence and plasma HIV RNA suppression among AIDS clinical trials group study participants. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2015;29(3):111-6. doi: 10.1089/apc.2014.0255 https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2014.0255... )	2015/EUA/PubMed/II	ECR^* * ECR – Ensaio Clínico Randomizado. NE = 2	Dificuldade para alcançar metas pactuadas entre a pessoa e o profissional de saúde
E14(¹⁹19 Coetzee B, Kagee A, Bland R. Barriers and facilitators to paediatric adherence to antiretroviral therapy in rural South Africa: a multi-stakeholder perspective. AIDS Care. 2015;27(3):315-21. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2014.967658 https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2014.96... )	2015/África do Sul/PubMed/III	Descritivo NE = 6	Dificuldade para alcançar metas pactuadas entre a pessoa e o profissional de saúde
E15(²⁰20 Portelli MS, Tenni B, Kounnavong S, Chanthivilay P. Barriers to and facilitators of adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV in Lao PDR: a qualitative study. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2015;27(2):NP778-NP788. doi: 10.1177/1010539512442082 https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539512442082... )	2015/Austrália/PubMed/IV	Descritivo NE = 6	Dificuldade para alcançar metas pactuadas entre a pessoa e o profissional de saúde
E16(²¹21 Kalichman SC, Kalichman MO, Cherry C, Hoyt G, Washington C, Greble T, et al. HIV sexual transmission risks in the context of clinical care: a prospective study of behavioural correlates of HIV suppression in a community sample, Atlanta, GA, USA. J Int AIDS Soc. 18(1):19930. doi: 10.7448/IAS.18.1.19930 https://doi.org/10.7448/IAS.18.1.19930... )	2015/EUA/Scopus/V	Transversal NE = 6	Recusa do paciente em seguir o plano terapêutico
E17(²²22 Thielman NM, Ostermann J, Whetten K, Whetten R, Itemba D, Maro V, et al. Reduced adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected Tanzanians seeking cure from the Loliondo healer. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014;65(3):e104-e109. doi: 10.1097/01.qai.0000437619.23031.83 https://doi.org/10.1097/01.qai.000043761... )	2014/Tanzânia/Scopus/V	Coorte NE = 3	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E18(²³23 Batista JDL, Albuquerque MFPM, Santos ML, Miranda-Filho DB, Lacerda HR, Maruza M, et al Association between smoking, crack cocaine abuse and the discontinuation of combination antiretroviral therapy in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop. 2014;56(2):127-32. doi: 10.1590/S0036-46652014000200007 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-4665201400... )	2014/Brasil/LILACS/II	Transversal NE = 6	Recusa do paciente em seguir o plano terapêutico
E19(²⁴24 Betancur MN, Lins L, Oliveira IR, Brites C. Quality of life, anxiety and depression in patients with HIV/AIDS who present poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study in Salvador, Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis. 2017;21(5):507-14. doi: 10.1016/j.bjid.2017.04.004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2017.04.0... )	2017/Brasil/Scopus/II	Transversal NE = 6	Recusa do paciente em seguir o plano terapêutico
E20(²⁵25 Boni RB, Shepherd BE, Grinsztejn B, Cesar C, Cortés C, Padgett D, et al. Substance use and adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS Receiving cART in Latin America. AIDS Behav. 2016;20(11):2692-9. doi: 10.1007/s10461-016-1398-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1398-... )	2016/Brasil/LILACS/IV	Transversal NE = 6	Recusa do paciente em seguir o plano terapêutico
E21(²⁶26 Wohl DA, Kuwahara RK, Javadi K, Kirby C, Rosen DL, Napravnik S, et al. Financial barriers and lapses in treatment and care of HIV-infected adults in a Southern State in the United States. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2017;31(11):463-9. doi: 10.1089/apc.2017.0125 https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2017.0125... )	2017/EUA/Web of Science/II	Transversal NE = 6	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E22(²⁷27 Lifson AR, Workneh S, Shenie T, Ayana DA, Melaku Z, Bezabih L, et al. Frequent use of khat, an amphetamine-like substance, as a risk factor for poor adherence and lost to follow-up among patients new to HIV Care in Ethiopia. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2017;33(10):995-8. doi: 10.1089/aid.2016.0274 https://doi.org/10.1089/aid.2016.0274... )	2017/Etiópia/Web of Science/II	Coorte NE = 3	Recusa do paciente em seguir o plano terapêutico
E23(²⁸28 Tocco JU. The Islamization of antiretroviral therapy: reconciling HIV treatment and religion in northern Nigeria. Soc Sci Med. 2017;190:75-82. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.08.017 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017... )	2017/Nigéria/Web of Science/II	Descritivo NE = 6	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E24(²⁹29 M Elicer I, Byrd D, Clark US, Morgello S, Robinson-Papp J. Motor function declines over time in human immunodeficiency virus and is associated with cerebrovascular disease, while HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder remains stable. J Neurovirol. 2018;24(4):514-22. doi: 10.1007/s13365-018-0640-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-018-0640-... )	2018/EUA/Web of Science/II	Transversal NE = 6	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E25(³⁰30 Bergmann JN, Wanyenze RK, Makumbi F, Naigino R, Kiene SM, Stockman JK. Maternal influences on access to and use of infant ARVs and HIV Health Services in Uganda. AIDS Behav. 2017;21(9):2693-702. doi: 10.1007/s10461-016-1528-1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1528-... )	2017/Uganda/Web of Science/IV	Transversal NE = 6	Dificuldade em seguir as orientações dos profissionais de saúde
E26(³¹31 Cioe PA, Gamarel KE, Pantalone DW, Monti PM, Mayer KH, Kahler CW. Cigarette smoking and Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Adherence in a sample of heavy drinking HIV-Infected men who have sex with men (MSM). AIDS Behav. 2017;21(7):1956-63. doi: 10.1007/s10461-016-1496-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1496-... )	2017/EUA/Web of Science/IV	ECR^* * ECR – Ensaio Clínico Randomizado. NE = 2	Recusa do paciente em seguir o plano terapêutico
E27(³²32 Tao J, Qian HZ, Kipp AM. Effects of depression and anxiety on antiretroviral therapy adherence among newly diagnosed HIV-infected Chinese MSM. AIDS. 2017;31(3):401-6. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001287 https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.000000000000... )	2017/China/Scopus/II	ECR^* * ECR – Ensaio Clínico Randomizado. NE = 2	Recusa do paciente em seguir o plano terapêutico
E28(³³33 Gesesew HA, Ward P, Hajito KW, Feyissa GT, Mohammadi L, Mwanri L. Discontinuation from antiretroviral therapy: a continuing challenge among adults in HIV Care in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2017;12(1):e0169651. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169651 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.016... )	2017/Austrália/Cochrane/II	Revisão sistemática NE = 1	Processo multifatorial e dinâmico que determina o controle ineficaz da saúde
E29(³⁴34 Sileo KM, Simbayi LC, Abrams A, Cloete A, Kiene SM. The role of alcohol use in antiretroviral adherence among individuals living with HIV in South Africa: event-level findings from a daily diary study. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2016;167:103-11. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.07.028 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.201... )	2016/África do Sul/Scopus/II	Coorte NE = 3	Recusa do paciente em seguir o plano terapêutico
E30(³⁵35 Hampanda KM. Intimate partner violence and HIV-positive women's non-adherence to antiretroviral medication for the purpose of prevention of mother-to-child transmission in Lusaka, Zambia. Soc Sci Med. 2016;153:123-130. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.02.011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2016... )	2016/Zâmbia/Scopus/II	Transversal NE = 6	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E31(³⁶36 Kosia A, Kakoko D, Semakafu AM, Nyamhanga T, Frumence G. Intimate partner violence and challenges facing women living with HIV/AIDS in accessing antiretroviral treatment at Singida Regional Hospital, central Tanzania. Glob Health Action. 2016;9:32307. doi: 10.3402/gha.v9.32307 https://doi.org/10.3402/gha.v9.32307... )	2016/Tanzânia/Scopus/II	Descritivo NE = 6	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E32(³⁷37 Dawson-Rose C, Gutin SA, Cummings B, Jaiantilal P, Johnson K, Mbofana F. ART adherence as a key component of prevention with persons living With HIV in Mozambique. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2016;27(1):44-56. doi: 10.1016/j.jana.2015.10.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2015.10.0... )	2016/Moçambique/Science Direct/I	Descritivo NE = 6	Dificuldade em seguir as orientações dos profissionais de saúde
E33(³⁸38 Obermeit LC, Morgan EE, Casaletto KB, Grant I, Woods SP, HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program Group. Antiretroviral non-adherence is associated with a retrieval profile of deficits in verbal episodic memory. Clin Neuropsychol. 2015;29(2):197-213. doi: 10.1080/13854046.2015.1018950 https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2015.10... )	2016/EUA/Scopus/II	Transversal NE = 6	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E34(³⁹39 Nadel J, Holloway CJ. Screening and risk assessment for coronary artery disease in HIV infection: an unmet need. HIV Med. 2017;18(4):292-9. doi: 10.1111/hiv.12422 https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.12422... )	2017/EUA/Cochrane/II	Revisão sistemática NE = 1	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E35(⁴⁰40 Kalichman SC, Grebler T, Amaral CM, McNerney M, White D, Kalichman MO, et al. Viral suppression and antiretroviral medication adherence among alcohol using HIV Positive Adults. Int J Behav Med[Internet]. 2014 [cited 2020 Jun 03];21(5):811-20. doi: 10.1007/s12529-013-9353-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-013-9353-... )	2014/EUA/Science Direct/II	Coorte NE = 3	Recusa do paciente em seguir o plano terapêutico
E36(⁴¹41 Shalihu N, Pretorius L, van Dyk A, Vander Stoep A, Hagopian A. Namibian prisoners describe barriers to HIV antiretroviral therapy adherence. AIDS Care. 2014;26(8):968-75. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2014.880398 https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2014.88... )	2014/Namíbia/Science Direct/I	Descritivo NE = 6	Recusa do paciente em seguir o plano terapêutico
E37(⁴²42 Nagata D, Gutierrez EB. Características dos pacientes com HIV que faltaram a consultas agendadas. Rev Saúde Pública. 2015;49:95. doi: 10.1590/S0034-8910.2015049005145 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.20150... )	2015/Brasil/Science Direct/IV	Transversal NE = 6	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E38(⁴³43 Siefried KJ, Mao L, Cysique LA. Concomitant medication polypharmacy, interactions and imperfect adherence are common in Australian adults on suppressive antiretroviral therapy. AIDS. 2018;32(1):35-48. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001685 https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.000000000000... )	2018/Austrália/Science Direct/II	Transversal NE = 6	Dificuldade em seguir as orientações dos profissionais de saúde
E39(⁴⁴44 Saylor D, Dickens AM, Sacktor N. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder-pathogenesis and prospects for treatment. Nat Rev Neurol. 2016;12(4):234-48. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27 https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27... )	2016/Austrália/Cochrane/II	Revisão sistemática NE = 1	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E40(⁴⁵45 Okuboyejo S. Non-adherence to medication in outpatient setting in Nigeria: the effect of employment status. Glob J Health Sci. 2014;6(3):37-44. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v6n3p37 https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v6n3p37... )	2014/Nigéria/ PubMed/I	Descritivo NE = 6	Dificuldade em seguir as orientações dos profissionais de saúde
E41(⁴⁶46 Katirayi L, Chadambuka A, Muchedzi A, Ahimbisibwe A, Musarandega R, Woelk G, et al. Echoes of old HIV paradigms: reassessing the problem of engaging men in HIV testing and treatment through women's perspectives. Reprod Health. 2017;14(1):124. doi: 10.1186/s12978-017-0387-1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-017-0387-... )	2017/Malawi/Cinahl/I	Descritivo NE = 6	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E42(⁴⁷47 Koto MV, Maharaj P. Difficulties facing healthcare workers in the era of AIDS treatment in Lesotho. SAHARA J. 2016;13(1):53-59. doi: 10.1080/17290376.2016.1179588 https://doi.org/10.1080/17290376.2016.11... )	2016/Lesoto/PubMed/I	Descritivo NE = 6	Dificuldade em seguir as orientações dos profissionais de saúde
E43(⁴⁸48 Mûnene E, Ekman B. Association between patient engagement in HIV care and antiretroviral therapy medication adherence: cross-sectional evidence from a regional HIV care centre in Kenya. AIDS Care. 2015;27(3):378-386. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2014.963020 https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2014.96... )	2015/Kênia/PubMed/III	Descritivo NE = 6	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E44(⁴⁹49 Whetten K, Shirey K, Pence BW. Trauma history and depression predict incomplete adherence to antiretroviral therapies in a low income country. PLoS One. 2013;8(10):e74771. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074771 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.007... )	2013/Tanzânia/Cinahl/II	Coorte NE = 3	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E45(⁵⁰50 Taylor BS, Reyes E, Levine EA. Patterns of geographic mobility predict barriers to engagement in HIV care and antiretroviral treatment adherence. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2014;28(6):284-95. doi: 10.1089/apc.2014.0028 https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2014.0028... )	2014/República Dominicana/Cinahl/II	Coorte NE = 3	Abandono do tratamento levando a resultados não efetivos e agravamento de sintomas
E46(⁵¹51 Motta MGC, Pedro ENR, Paula CC, Coelho DF, Ribeiro AC, Greff AP, et al. O silêncio no cotidiano do adolescente com HIV/AIDS. Rev Bras En-ferm. 2013;66(3):345-50. doi: 10.1590/S0034-71672013000300007 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-7167201300... )	2013/Brasil/LILACS/I	Descritivo NE = 6	Dificuldade para alcançar metas pactuadas entre a pessoa e o profissional de saúde

Antecedentes	Fatores relacionados (NANDA- I)
Uso de álcool(⁹9 Schensul SL, Ha T, Schensul JJ, et al. The role of alcohol on antiretroviral therapy adherence among persons living with HIV in Urban India. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2017;78(5):716-24. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2017.78.716 https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2017.78.71... ,²¹21 Kalichman SC, Kalichman MO, Cherry C, Hoyt G, Washington C, Greble T, et al. HIV sexual transmission risks in the context of clinical care: a prospective study of behavioural correlates of HIV suppression in a community sample, Atlanta, GA, USA. J Int AIDS Soc. 18(1):19930. doi: 10.7448/IAS.18.1.19930 https://doi.org/10.7448/IAS.18.1.19930... ,²⁵25 Boni RB, Shepherd BE, Grinsztejn B, Cesar C, Cortés C, Padgett D, et al. Substance use and adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS Receiving cART in Latin America. AIDS Behav. 2016;20(11):2692-9. doi: 10.1007/s10461-016-1398-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1398-... ,³¹31 Cioe PA, Gamarel KE, Pantalone DW, Monti PM, Mayer KH, Kahler CW. Cigarette smoking and Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Adherence in a sample of heavy drinking HIV-Infected men who have sex with men (MSM). AIDS Behav. 2017;21(7):1956-63. doi: 10.1007/s10461-016-1496-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1496-... ,³³33 Gesesew HA, Ward P, Hajito KW, Feyissa GT, Mohammadi L, Mwanri L. Discontinuation from antiretroviral therapy: a continuing challenge among adults in HIV Care in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2017;12(1):e0169651. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169651 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.016... -³⁴34 Sileo KM, Simbayi LC, Abrams A, Cloete A, Kiene SM. The role of alcohol use in antiretroviral adherence among individuals living with HIV in South Africa: event-level findings from a daily diary study. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2016;167:103-11. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.07.028 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.201... ,⁴⁰40 Kalichman SC, Grebler T, Amaral CM, McNerney M, White D, Kalichman MO, et al. Viral suppression and antiretroviral medication adherence among alcohol using HIV Positive Adults. Int J Behav Med[Internet]. 2014 [cited 2020 Jun 03];21(5):811-20. doi: 10.1007/s12529-013-9353-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-013-9353-... )	SC
Efeitos colaterais aos medicamentos(⁷7 Tegegne AS, Ndlovu P, Zewotir T. Determinants of CD4 cell count change and time-to default from HAART;a comparison of separate and joint models. BMC Infect Dis. 2018;18(1):197. doi: 10.1186/s12879-018-3108-7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3108-... ,¹¹11 Croome N, Ahluwalia M, Hughes LD, Abas M. Patient-reported barriers and facilitators to antiretroviral adherence in sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS. 2017;31(7):995-1007. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001416 https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.000000000000... ,¹⁴14 Guira O, Kaboré DSR, Dao G, Zagré N, Zohoncon TM, Pietra V, et al. Prévalence de la non-observance à la trithérapie antirétrovirale et facteurs cliniques et thérapeutiques associés chez les patients à Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Méd Santé Tropic. 2016;26(4):396-401. doi: 10.1684/mst.2016.0604 https://doi.org/10.1684/mst.2016.0604... ,¹⁷17 Nguyen NT, Tran BX, Hwang LY, Markham CM, Swartz MD, Vidrine JI, et al. Motivation to quit smoking among HIV-positive smokers in Vietnam. BMC Pub Health. 2015;15:326. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1672-y https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1672-... -¹⁸18 Saberi P, Neilands TB, Vittinghoff E, Johnson MO, Chesney M, Cohn SE. Barriers to antiretroviral therapy adherence and plasma HIV RNA suppression among AIDS clinical trials group study participants. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2015;29(3):111-6. doi: 10.1089/apc.2014.0255 https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2014.0255... ,²²22 Thielman NM, Ostermann J, Whetten K, Whetten R, Itemba D, Maro V, et al. Reduced adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected Tanzanians seeking cure from the Loliondo healer. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014;65(3):e104-e109. doi: 10.1097/01.qai.0000437619.23031.83 https://doi.org/10.1097/01.qai.000043761... ,⁴⁵45 Okuboyejo S. Non-adherence to medication in outpatient setting in Nigeria: the effect of employment status. Glob J Health Sci. 2014;6(3):37-44. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v6n3p37 https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v6n3p37... )	SC
Depressão(⁹9 Schensul SL, Ha T, Schensul JJ, et al. The role of alcohol on antiretroviral therapy adherence among persons living with HIV in Urban India. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2017;78(5):716-24. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2017.78.716 https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2017.78.71... ,¹⁴14 Guira O, Kaboré DSR, Dao G, Zagré N, Zohoncon TM, Pietra V, et al. Prévalence de la non-observance à la trithérapie antirétrovirale et facteurs cliniques et thérapeutiques associés chez les patients à Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Méd Santé Tropic. 2016;26(4):396-401. doi: 10.1684/mst.2016.0604 https://doi.org/10.1684/mst.2016.0604... ,¹⁶16 Willie TC, Overstreet NM, Sullivan TP, Sikkema KJ, Hansen NB. Barriers to HIV Medication adherence: examining distinct anxiety and depression symptoms among women living with HIV who experienced childhood sexual abuse. Behav Med. 2016;42(2):120-7. doi: 10.1080/08964289.2015.1045823 https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2015.10... ,²⁴24 Betancur MN, Lins L, Oliveira IR, Brites C. Quality of life, anxiety and depression in patients with HIV/AIDS who present poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study in Salvador, Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis. 2017;21(5):507-14. doi: 10.1016/j.bjid.2017.04.004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2017.04.0... ,³²32 Tao J, Qian HZ, Kipp AM. Effects of depression and anxiety on antiretroviral therapy adherence among newly diagnosed HIV-infected Chinese MSM. AIDS. 2017;31(3):401-6. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001287 https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.000000000000... -³³33 Gesesew HA, Ward P, Hajito KW, Feyissa GT, Mohammadi L, Mwanri L. Discontinuation from antiretroviral therapy: a continuing challenge among adults in HIV Care in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2017;12(1):e0169651. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169651 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.016... ,⁴⁹49 Whetten K, Shirey K, Pence BW. Trauma history and depression predict incomplete adherence to antiretroviral therapies in a low income country. PLoS One. 2013;8(10):e74771. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074771 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.007... )	SC
Uso de drogas ilícitas(¹⁷17 Nguyen NT, Tran BX, Hwang LY, Markham CM, Swartz MD, Vidrine JI, et al. Motivation to quit smoking among HIV-positive smokers in Vietnam. BMC Pub Health. 2015;15:326. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1672-y https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1672-... ,²¹21 Kalichman SC, Kalichman MO, Cherry C, Hoyt G, Washington C, Greble T, et al. HIV sexual transmission risks in the context of clinical care: a prospective study of behavioural correlates of HIV suppression in a community sample, Atlanta, GA, USA. J Int AIDS Soc. 18(1):19930. doi: 10.7448/IAS.18.1.19930 https://doi.org/10.7448/IAS.18.1.19930... ,²³23 Batista JDL, Albuquerque MFPM, Santos ML, Miranda-Filho DB, Lacerda HR, Maruza M, et al Association between smoking, crack cocaine abuse and the discontinuation of combination antiretroviral therapy in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop. 2014;56(2):127-32. doi: 10.1590/S0036-46652014000200007 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-4665201400... ,²⁵25 Boni RB, Shepherd BE, Grinsztejn B, Cesar C, Cortés C, Padgett D, et al. Substance use and adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS Receiving cART in Latin America. AIDS Behav. 2016;20(11):2692-9. doi: 10.1007/s10461-016-1398-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1398-... ,³¹31 Cioe PA, Gamarel KE, Pantalone DW, Monti PM, Mayer KH, Kahler CW. Cigarette smoking and Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Adherence in a sample of heavy drinking HIV-Infected men who have sex with men (MSM). AIDS Behav. 2017;21(7):1956-63. doi: 10.1007/s10461-016-1496-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1496-... ,³³33 Gesesew HA, Ward P, Hajito KW, Feyissa GT, Mohammadi L, Mwanri L. Discontinuation from antiretroviral therapy: a continuing challenge among adults in HIV Care in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2017;12(1):e0169651. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169651 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.016... )	SC
Estigma(⁸8 Ahmed CV, Jolly P, Padilla L, Malinga M, Harris C, Mthethwa N, et al. Barriers to ART initiation for HIV-positive children 2-18 months in Swaziland. Afr J AIDS Res. 2018;17(2):193-202. doi: 10.2989/16085906.2018.1488266 https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2018.14... -⁹9 Schensul SL, Ha T, Schensul JJ, et al. The role of alcohol on antiretroviral therapy adherence among persons living with HIV in Urban India. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2017;78(5):716-24. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2017.78.716 https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2017.78.71... ,¹¹11 Croome N, Ahluwalia M, Hughes LD, Abas M. Patient-reported barriers and facilitators to antiretroviral adherence in sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS. 2017;31(7):995-1007. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001416 https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.000000000000... ,²⁰20 Portelli MS, Tenni B, Kounnavong S, Chanthivilay P. Barriers to and facilitators of adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV in Lao PDR: a qualitative study. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2015;27(2):NP778-NP788. doi: 10.1177/1010539512442082 https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539512442082... ,⁵⁰50 Taylor BS, Reyes E, Levine EA. Patterns of geographic mobility predict barriers to engagement in HIV care and antiretroviral treatment adherence. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2014;28(6):284-95. doi: 10.1089/apc.2014.0028 https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2014.0028... )	SC
Baixa escolaridade(⁸8 Ahmed CV, Jolly P, Padilla L, Malinga M, Harris C, Mthethwa N, et al. Barriers to ART initiation for HIV-positive children 2-18 months in Swaziland. Afr J AIDS Res. 2018;17(2):193-202. doi: 10.2989/16085906.2018.1488266 https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2018.14... ,¹⁴14 Guira O, Kaboré DSR, Dao G, Zagré N, Zohoncon TM, Pietra V, et al. Prévalence de la non-observance à la trithérapie antirétrovirale et facteurs cliniques et thérapeutiques associés chez les patients à Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Méd Santé Tropic. 2016;26(4):396-401. doi: 10.1684/mst.2016.0604 https://doi.org/10.1684/mst.2016.0604... -¹⁵15 Been SK, van de Vijver DA, Nieuwkerk PT. Risk factors for non-adherence to cART in immigrants with HIV living in the Netherlands: results from the ROtterdam ADherence (ROAD) Project. PLoS One. 2016;11(10):e0162800. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162800 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.016... ,³¹31 Cioe PA, Gamarel KE, Pantalone DW, Monti PM, Mayer KH, Kahler CW. Cigarette smoking and Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Adherence in a sample of heavy drinking HIV-Infected men who have sex with men (MSM). AIDS Behav. 2017;21(7):1956-63. doi: 10.1007/s10461-016-1496-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1496-... ,³³33 Gesesew HA, Ward P, Hajito KW, Feyissa GT, Mohammadi L, Mwanri L. Discontinuation from antiretroviral therapy: a continuing challenge among adults in HIV Care in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2017;12(1):e0169651. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169651 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.016... )	SC
Ansiedade(¹⁶16 Willie TC, Overstreet NM, Sullivan TP, Sikkema KJ, Hansen NB. Barriers to HIV Medication adherence: examining distinct anxiety and depression symptoms among women living with HIV who experienced childhood sexual abuse. Behav Med. 2016;42(2):120-7. doi: 10.1080/08964289.2015.1045823 https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2015.10... -¹⁷17 Nguyen NT, Tran BX, Hwang LY, Markham CM, Swartz MD, Vidrine JI, et al. Motivation to quit smoking among HIV-positive smokers in Vietnam. BMC Pub Health. 2015;15:326. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1672-y https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1672-... ,²⁴24 Betancur MN, Lins L, Oliveira IR, Brites C. Quality of life, anxiety and depression in patients with HIV/AIDS who present poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study in Salvador, Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis. 2017;21(5):507-14. doi: 10.1016/j.bjid.2017.04.004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2017.04.0... ,³²32 Tao J, Qian HZ, Kipp AM. Effects of depression and anxiety on antiretroviral therapy adherence among newly diagnosed HIV-infected Chinese MSM. AIDS. 2017;31(3):401-6. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001287 https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.000000000000... -³³33 Gesesew HA, Ward P, Hajito KW, Feyissa GT, Mohammadi L, Mwanri L. Discontinuation from antiretroviral therapy: a continuing challenge among adults in HIV Care in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2017;12(1):e0169651. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169651 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.016... )	SC
Dificuldades financeiras(⁸8 Ahmed CV, Jolly P, Padilla L, Malinga M, Harris C, Mthethwa N, et al. Barriers to ART initiation for HIV-positive children 2-18 months in Swaziland. Afr J AIDS Res. 2018;17(2):193-202. doi: 10.2989/16085906.2018.1488266 https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2018.14... ,²⁰20 Portelli MS, Tenni B, Kounnavong S, Chanthivilay P. Barriers to and facilitators of adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV in Lao PDR: a qualitative study. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2015;27(2):NP778-NP788. doi: 10.1177/1010539512442082 https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539512442082... ,²⁶26 Wohl DA, Kuwahara RK, Javadi K, Kirby C, Rosen DL, Napravnik S, et al. Financial barriers and lapses in treatment and care of HIV-infected adults in a Southern State in the United States. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2017;31(11):463-9. doi: 10.1089/apc.2017.0125 https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2017.0125... ,³¹31 Cioe PA, Gamarel KE, Pantalone DW, Monti PM, Mayer KH, Kahler CW. Cigarette smoking and Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Adherence in a sample of heavy drinking HIV-Infected men who have sex with men (MSM). AIDS Behav. 2017;21(7):1956-63. doi: 10.1007/s10461-016-1496-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1496-... ,⁴³43 Siefried KJ, Mao L, Cysique LA. Concomitant medication polypharmacy, interactions and imperfect adherence are common in Australian adults on suppressive antiretroviral therapy. AIDS. 2018;32(1):35-48. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001685 https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.000000000000... )	Barreira percebida
Dificuldade de acesso adequado ao atendimento(⁷7 Tegegne AS, Ndlovu P, Zewotir T. Determinants of CD4 cell count change and time-to default from HAART;a comparison of separate and joint models. BMC Infect Dis. 2018;18(1):197. doi: 10.1186/s12879-018-3108-7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3108-... -⁸8 Ahmed CV, Jolly P, Padilla L, Malinga M, Harris C, Mthethwa N, et al. Barriers to ART initiation for HIV-positive children 2-18 months in Swaziland. Afr J AIDS Res. 2018;17(2):193-202. doi: 10.2989/16085906.2018.1488266 https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2018.14... ,¹²12 Masa R, Chowa G, Nyirenda V. Chuma na Uchizi: a livelihood intervention to increase food security of people living with HIV in Rural Zambia. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2018;29(1):349-72. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2018.0024 https://doi.org/10.1353/hpu.2018.0024... ,²⁰20 Portelli MS, Tenni B, Kounnavong S, Chanthivilay P. Barriers to and facilitators of adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV in Lao PDR: a qualitative study. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2015;27(2):NP778-NP788. doi: 10.1177/1010539512442082 https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539512442082... ,³³33 Gesesew HA, Ward P, Hajito KW, Feyissa GT, Mohammadi L, Mwanri L. Discontinuation from antiretroviral therapy: a continuing challenge among adults in HIV Care in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2017;12(1):e0169651. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169651 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.016... )	Barreira percebida
Falta de apoio social(⁷7 Tegegne AS, Ndlovu P, Zewotir T. Determinants of CD4 cell count change and time-to default from HAART;a comparison of separate and joint models. BMC Infect Dis. 2018;18(1):197. doi: 10.1186/s12879-018-3108-7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3108-... ,¹⁵15 Been SK, van de Vijver DA, Nieuwkerk PT. Risk factors for non-adherence to cART in immigrants with HIV living in the Netherlands: results from the ROtterdam ADherence (ROAD) Project. PLoS One. 2016;11(10):e0162800. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162800 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.016... -¹⁶16 Willie TC, Overstreet NM, Sullivan TP, Sikkema KJ, Hansen NB. Barriers to HIV Medication adherence: examining distinct anxiety and depression symptoms among women living with HIV who experienced childhood sexual abuse. Behav Med. 2016;42(2):120-7. doi: 10.1080/08964289.2015.1045823 https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2015.10... ,⁴¹41 Shalihu N, Pretorius L, van Dyk A, Vander Stoep A, Hagopian A. Namibian prisoners describe barriers to HIV antiretroviral therapy adherence. AIDS Care. 2014;26(8):968-75. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2014.880398 https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2014.88... ,⁴⁹49 Whetten K, Shirey K, Pence BW. Trauma history and depression predict incomplete adherence to antiretroviral therapies in a low income country. PLoS One. 2013;8(10):e74771. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074771 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.007... )	Apoio social insuficiente
Esquecimento(⁷7 Tegegne AS, Ndlovu P, Zewotir T. Determinants of CD4 cell count change and time-to default from HAART;a comparison of separate and joint models. BMC Infect Dis. 2018;18(1):197. doi: 10.1186/s12879-018-3108-7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3108-... ,⁹9 Schensul SL, Ha T, Schensul JJ, et al. The role of alcohol on antiretroviral therapy adherence among persons living with HIV in Urban India. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2017;78(5):716-24. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2017.78.716 https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2017.78.71... ,¹¹11 Croome N, Ahluwalia M, Hughes LD, Abas M. Patient-reported barriers and facilitators to antiretroviral adherence in sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS. 2017;31(7):995-1007. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001416 https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.000000000000... ,¹⁸18 Saberi P, Neilands TB, Vittinghoff E, Johnson MO, Chesney M, Cohn SE. Barriers to antiretroviral therapy adherence and plasma HIV RNA suppression among AIDS clinical trials group study participants. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2015;29(3):111-6. doi: 10.1089/apc.2014.0255 https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2014.0255... )	SC
Medo de revelar a doença(⁷7 Tegegne AS, Ndlovu P, Zewotir T. Determinants of CD4 cell count change and time-to default from HAART;a comparison of separate and joint models. BMC Infect Dis. 2018;18(1):197. doi: 10.1186/s12879-018-3108-7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3108-... ,⁹9 Schensul SL, Ha T, Schensul JJ, et al. The role of alcohol on antiretroviral therapy adherence among persons living with HIV in Urban India. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2017;78(5):716-24. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2017.78.716 https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2017.78.71... ,²⁸28 Tocco JU. The Islamization of antiretroviral therapy: reconciling HIV treatment and religion in northern Nigeria. Soc Sci Med. 2017;190:75-82. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.08.017 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017... )	SC
Muitos comprimidos para tomar(¹⁸18 Saberi P, Neilands TB, Vittinghoff E, Johnson MO, Chesney M, Cohn SE. Barriers to antiretroviral therapy adherence and plasma HIV RNA suppression among AIDS clinical trials group study participants. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2015;29(3):111-6. doi: 10.1089/apc.2014.0255 https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2014.0255... -¹⁹19 Coetzee B, Kagee A, Bland R. Barriers and facilitators to paediatric adherence to antiretroviral therapy in rural South Africa: a multi-stakeholder perspective. AIDS Care. 2015;27(3):315-21. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2014.967658 https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2014.96... ,⁵¹51 Motta MGC, Pedro ENR, Paula CC, Coelho DF, Ribeiro AC, Greff AP, et al. O silêncio no cotidiano do adolescente com HIV/AIDS. Rev Bras En-ferm. 2013;66(3):345-50. doi: 10.1590/S0034-71672013000300007 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-7167201300... )	Dificuldade de controlar um regime de tratamento complexo
Crenças de misturar o álcool e a medicação(⁹9 Schensul SL, Ha T, Schensul JJ, et al. The role of alcohol on antiretroviral therapy adherence among persons living with HIV in Urban India. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2017;78(5):716-24. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2017.78.716 https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2017.78.71... -¹⁰10 Conroy AA, McKenna SA, Leddy A. "If she is drunk, i don't want her to take it": partner beliefs and influence on use of alcohol and antiretroviral therapy in South African Couples. AIDS Behav. 2017;21(7):1885‐91. doi: 10.1007/s10461-017-1697-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-017-1697-... ,²¹21 Kalichman SC, Kalichman MO, Cherry C, Hoyt G, Washington C, Greble T, et al. HIV sexual transmission risks in the context of clinical care: a prospective study of behavioural correlates of HIV suppression in a community sample, Atlanta, GA, USA. J Int AIDS Soc. 18(1):19930. doi: 10.7448/IAS.18.1.19930 https://doi.org/10.7448/IAS.18.1.19930... )	SC
Estar fora de casa ou viajar(¹¹11 Croome N, Ahluwalia M, Hughes LD, Abas M. Patient-reported barriers and facilitators to antiretroviral adherence in sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS. 2017;31(7):995-1007. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001416 https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.000000000000... ,¹⁸18 Saberi P, Neilands TB, Vittinghoff E, Johnson MO, Chesney M, Cohn SE. Barriers to antiretroviral therapy adherence and plasma HIV RNA suppression among AIDS clinical trials group study participants. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2015;29(3):111-6. doi: 10.1089/apc.2014.0255 https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2014.0255... ,⁵⁰50 Taylor BS, Reyes E, Levine EA. Patterns of geographic mobility predict barriers to engagement in HIV care and antiretroviral treatment adherence. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2014;28(6):284-95. doi: 10.1089/apc.2014.0028 https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2014.0028... )	SC
Crenças religiosas incompatíveis com o plano terapêutico(²²22 Thielman NM, Ostermann J, Whetten K, Whetten R, Itemba D, Maro V, et al. Reduced adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected Tanzanians seeking cure from the Loliondo healer. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014;65(3):e104-e109. doi: 10.1097/01.qai.0000437619.23031.83 https://doi.org/10.1097/01.qai.000043761... ,²⁸28 Tocco JU. The Islamization of antiretroviral therapy: reconciling HIV treatment and religion in northern Nigeria. Soc Sci Med. 2017;190:75-82. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.08.017 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017... ,⁴⁵45 Okuboyejo S. Non-adherence to medication in outpatient setting in Nigeria: the effect of employment status. Glob J Health Sci. 2014;6(3):37-44. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v6n3p37 https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v6n3p37... )	SC
Falta de apoio do parceiro e família(³⁰30 Bergmann JN, Wanyenze RK, Makumbi F, Naigino R, Kiene SM, Stockman JK. Maternal influences on access to and use of infant ARVs and HIV Health Services in Uganda. AIDS Behav. 2017;21(9):2693-702. doi: 10.1007/s10461-016-1528-1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1528-... ,⁴⁵45 Okuboyejo S. Non-adherence to medication in outpatient setting in Nigeria: the effect of employment status. Glob J Health Sci. 2014;6(3):37-44. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v6n3p37 https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v6n3p37... -⁴⁶46 Katirayi L, Chadambuka A, Muchedzi A, Ahimbisibwe A, Musarandega R, Woelk G, et al. Echoes of old HIV paradigms: reassessing the problem of engaging men in HIV testing and treatment through women's perspectives. Reprod Health. 2017;14(1):124. doi: 10.1186/s12978-017-0387-1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-017-0387-... )	Apoio social insuficiente
Sabor desagradável dos medicamentos(⁴⁵45 Okuboyejo S. Non-adherence to medication in outpatient setting in Nigeria: the effect of employment status. Glob J Health Sci. 2014;6(3):37-44. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v6n3p37 https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v6n3p37... ,⁵¹51 Motta MGC, Pedro ENR, Paula CC, Coelho DF, Ribeiro AC, Greff AP, et al. O silêncio no cotidiano do adolescente com HIV/AIDS. Rev Bras En-ferm. 2013;66(3):345-50. doi: 10.1590/S0034-71672013000300007 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-7167201300... )	SC
Falta de medicamentos em casa(⁶6 Moriarty K, Genberg B, Norman B, Reece R. The effect of antiretroviral stock-outs on medication adherence among patients living with HIV in Ghana: a qualitative study. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2018;29(2):231-240. doi: 10.1016/j.jana.2017.09.014 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2017.09.0... -⁷7 Tegegne AS, Ndlovu P, Zewotir T. Determinants of CD4 cell count change and time-to default from HAART;a comparison of separate and joint models. BMC Infect Dis. 2018;18(1):197. doi: 10.1186/s12879-018-3108-7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3108-... )	SC
Negação da doença(⁸8 Ahmed CV, Jolly P, Padilla L, Malinga M, Harris C, Mthethwa N, et al. Barriers to ART initiation for HIV-positive children 2-18 months in Swaziland. Afr J AIDS Res. 2018;17(2):193-202. doi: 10.2989/16085906.2018.1488266 https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2018.14... ,¹⁹19 Coetzee B, Kagee A, Bland R. Barriers and facilitators to paediatric adherence to antiretroviral therapy in rural South Africa: a multi-stakeholder perspective. AIDS Care. 2015;27(3):315-21. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2014.967658 https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2014.96... )	SC
Violência de parceiros e familiares(³⁵35 Hampanda KM. Intimate partner violence and HIV-positive women's non-adherence to antiretroviral medication for the purpose of prevention of mother-to-child transmission in Lusaka, Zambia. Soc Sci Med. 2016;153:123-130. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.02.011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2016... -³⁶36 Kosia A, Kakoko D, Semakafu AM, Nyamhanga T, Frumence G. Intimate partner violence and challenges facing women living with HIV/AIDS in accessing antiretroviral treatment at Singida Regional Hospital, central Tanzania. Glob Health Action. 2016;9:32307. doi: 10.3402/gha.v9.32307 https://doi.org/10.3402/gha.v9.32307... )	Conflito familiar
Insatisfação com o cuidado(¹⁰10 Conroy AA, McKenna SA, Leddy A. "If she is drunk, i don't want her to take it": partner beliefs and influence on use of alcohol and antiretroviral therapy in South African Couples. AIDS Behav. 2017;21(7):1885‐91. doi: 10.1007/s10461-017-1697-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-017-1697-... -¹¹11 Croome N, Ahluwalia M, Hughes LD, Abas M. Patient-reported barriers and facilitators to antiretroviral adherence in sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS. 2017;31(7):995-1007. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001416 https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.000000000000... )	SC
Uso secreto do tratamento(¹⁴14 Guira O, Kaboré DSR, Dao G, Zagré N, Zohoncon TM, Pietra V, et al. Prévalence de la non-observance à la trithérapie antirétrovirale et facteurs cliniques et thérapeutiques associés chez les patients à Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Méd Santé Tropic. 2016;26(4):396-401. doi: 10.1684/mst.2016.0604 https://doi.org/10.1684/mst.2016.0604... )	SC
Falta de esperança no futuro(⁴⁵45 Okuboyejo S. Non-adherence to medication in outpatient setting in Nigeria: the effect of employment status. Glob J Health Sci. 2014;6(3):37-44. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v6n3p37 https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v6n3p37... )	SC
Idade inferior a 40 anos(²³23 Batista JDL, Albuquerque MFPM, Santos ML, Miranda-Filho DB, Lacerda HR, Maruza M, et al Association between smoking, crack cocaine abuse and the discontinuation of combination antiretroviral therapy in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop. 2014;56(2):127-32. doi: 10.1590/S0036-46652014000200007 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0036-4665201400... )	SC
Culpa(⁸8 Ahmed CV, Jolly P, Padilla L, Malinga M, Harris C, Mthethwa N, et al. Barriers to ART initiation for HIV-positive children 2-18 months in Swaziland. Afr J AIDS Res. 2018;17(2):193-202. doi: 10.2989/16085906.2018.1488266 https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2018.14... )	SC
Mudança na rotina que dificulta implementar o regime(¹⁸18 Saberi P, Neilands TB, Vittinghoff E, Johnson MO, Chesney M, Cohn SE. Barriers to antiretroviral therapy adherence and plasma HIV RNA suppression among AIDS clinical trials group study participants. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2015;29(3):111-6. doi: 10.1089/apc.2014.0255 https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2014.0255... )	Dificuldade de transitar por sistemas complexos de cuidados
Barreiras entre cliente e provedor(¹⁹19 Coetzee B, Kagee A, Bland R. Barriers and facilitators to paediatric adherence to antiretroviral therapy in rural South Africa: a multi-stakeholder perspective. AIDS Care. 2015;27(3):315-21. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2014.967658 https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2014.96... )	Barreira percebida
Dificuldade de entender as orientações da equipe de saúde(³⁰30 Bergmann JN, Wanyenze RK, Makumbi F, Naigino R, Kiene SM, Stockman JK. Maternal influences on access to and use of infant ARVs and HIV Health Services in Uganda. AIDS Behav. 2017;21(9):2693-702. doi: 10.1007/s10461-016-1528-1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1528-... )	Conhecimento insuficiente sobre o regime terapêutico
Falta de expectativas na melhora clínica(¹⁴14 Guira O, Kaboré DSR, Dao G, Zagré N, Zohoncon TM, Pietra V, et al. Prévalence de la non-observance à la trithérapie antirétrovirale et facteurs cliniques et thérapeutiques associés chez les patients à Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Méd Santé Tropic. 2016;26(4):396-401. doi: 10.1684/mst.2016.0604 https://doi.org/10.1684/mst.2016.0604... )	Sentimento de impotência
Falta aos compromissos agendados(⁴²42 Nagata D, Gutierrez EB. Características dos pacientes com HIV que faltaram a consultas agendadas. Rev Saúde Pública. 2015;49:95. doi: 10.1590/S0034-8910.2015049005145 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.20150... )	SC
Crenças negativas de saúde incompatíveis com o plano(⁴⁶46 Katirayi L, Chadambuka A, Muchedzi A, Ahimbisibwe A, Musarandega R, Woelk G, et al. Echoes of old HIV paradigms: reassessing the problem of engaging men in HIV testing and treatment through women's perspectives. Reprod Health. 2017;14(1):124. doi: 10.1186/s12978-017-0387-1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-017-0387-... )	Conflito de decisão
Discriminação(¹¹11 Croome N, Ahluwalia M, Hughes LD, Abas M. Patient-reported barriers and facilitators to antiretroviral adherence in sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS. 2017;31(7):995-1007. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001416 https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.000000000000... )	SC
Menor envolvimento do paciente no tratamento devido à baixa credibilidade do serviço(⁴⁸48 Mûnene E, Ekman B. Association between patient engagement in HIV care and antiretroviral therapy medication adherence: cross-sectional evidence from a regional HIV care centre in Kenya. AIDS Care. 2015;27(3):378-386. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2014.963020 https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2014.96... )	SC

Consequentes	Características definidoras (NANDA-I)
Decisões ineficientes para atingir as metas do tratamento(²¹21 Kalichman SC, Kalichman MO, Cherry C, Hoyt G, Washington C, Greble T, et al. HIV sexual transmission risks in the context of clinical care: a prospective study of behavioural correlates of HIV suppression in a community sample, Atlanta, GA, USA. J Int AIDS Soc. 18(1):19930. doi: 10.7448/IAS.18.1.19930 https://doi.org/10.7448/IAS.18.1.19930... ,²⁵25 Boni RB, Shepherd BE, Grinsztejn B, Cesar C, Cortés C, Padgett D, et al. Substance use and adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS Receiving cART in Latin America. AIDS Behav. 2016;20(11):2692-9. doi: 10.1007/s10461-016-1398-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1398-... ,³¹31 Cioe PA, Gamarel KE, Pantalone DW, Monti PM, Mayer KH, Kahler CW. Cigarette smoking and Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Adherence in a sample of heavy drinking HIV-Infected men who have sex with men (MSM). AIDS Behav. 2017;21(7):1956-63. doi: 10.1007/s10461-016-1496-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1496-... ,³⁴34 Sileo KM, Simbayi LC, Abrams A, Cloete A, Kiene SM. The role of alcohol use in antiretroviral adherence among individuals living with HIV in South Africa: event-level findings from a daily diary study. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2016;167:103-11. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.07.028 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.201... )	Escolhas na vida diária ineficazes para atingir as metas de saúde
Complicações associadas ao desenvolvimento da doença(¹³13 Buregyeya E, Naigino R, Mukose A. Facilitators and barriers to uptake and adherence to lifelong antiretroviral therapy among HIV infected pregnant women in Uganda: a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2017;17(1):94. doi: 10.1186/s12884-017-1276-x https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-017-1276-... ,²⁹29 M Elicer I, Byrd D, Clark US, Morgello S, Robinson-Papp J. Motor function declines over time in human immunodeficiency virus and is associated with cerebrovascular disease, while HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder remains stable. J Neurovirol. 2018;24(4):514-22. doi: 10.1007/s13365-018-0640-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-018-0640-... ,³⁹39 Nadel J, Holloway CJ. Screening and risk assessment for coronary artery disease in HIV infection: an unmet need. HIV Med. 2017;18(4):292-9. doi: 10.1111/hiv.12422 https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.12422... ,⁴⁴44 Saylor D, Dickens AM, Sacktor N. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder-pathogenesis and prospects for treatment. Nat Rev Neurol. 2016;12(4):234-48. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27 https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27... )	SC
Distúrbios neurológicos e cognitivos(¹³13 Buregyeya E, Naigino R, Mukose A. Facilitators and barriers to uptake and adherence to lifelong antiretroviral therapy among HIV infected pregnant women in Uganda: a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2017;17(1):94. doi: 10.1186/s12884-017-1276-x https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-017-1276-... ,²⁹29 M Elicer I, Byrd D, Clark US, Morgello S, Robinson-Papp J. Motor function declines over time in human immunodeficiency virus and is associated with cerebrovascular disease, while HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder remains stable. J Neurovirol. 2018;24(4):514-22. doi: 10.1007/s13365-018-0640-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-018-0640-... ,³⁹39 Nadel J, Holloway CJ. Screening and risk assessment for coronary artery disease in HIV infection: an unmet need. HIV Med. 2017;18(4):292-9. doi: 10.1111/hiv.12422 https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.12422... ,⁴⁴44 Saylor D, Dickens AM, Sacktor N. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder-pathogenesis and prospects for treatment. Nat Rev Neurol. 2016;12(4):234-48. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27 https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27... )	SC
Distúrbios cardiovasculares(¹³13 Buregyeya E, Naigino R, Mukose A. Facilitators and barriers to uptake and adherence to lifelong antiretroviral therapy among HIV infected pregnant women in Uganda: a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2017;17(1):94. doi: 10.1186/s12884-017-1276-x https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-017-1276-... ,²⁹29 M Elicer I, Byrd D, Clark US, Morgello S, Robinson-Papp J. Motor function declines over time in human immunodeficiency virus and is associated with cerebrovascular disease, while HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder remains stable. J Neurovirol. 2018;24(4):514-22. doi: 10.1007/s13365-018-0640-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-018-0640-... ,³⁹39 Nadel J, Holloway CJ. Screening and risk assessment for coronary artery disease in HIV infection: an unmet need. HIV Med. 2017;18(4):292-9. doi: 10.1111/hiv.12422 https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.12422... ,⁴⁴44 Saylor D, Dickens AM, Sacktor N. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder-pathogenesis and prospects for treatment. Nat Rev Neurol. 2016;12(4):234-48. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27 https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27... )	SC
Manifestações coloproctológicas(¹³13 Buregyeya E, Naigino R, Mukose A. Facilitators and barriers to uptake and adherence to lifelong antiretroviral therapy among HIV infected pregnant women in Uganda: a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2017;17(1):94. doi: 10.1186/s12884-017-1276-x https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-017-1276-... ,²⁹29 M Elicer I, Byrd D, Clark US, Morgello S, Robinson-Papp J. Motor function declines over time in human immunodeficiency virus and is associated with cerebrovascular disease, while HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder remains stable. J Neurovirol. 2018;24(4):514-22. doi: 10.1007/s13365-018-0640-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-018-0640-... ,³⁹39 Nadel J, Holloway CJ. Screening and risk assessment for coronary artery disease in HIV infection: an unmet need. HIV Med. 2017;18(4):292-9. doi: 10.1111/hiv.12422 https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.12422... ,⁴⁴44 Saylor D, Dickens AM, Sacktor N. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder-pathogenesis and prospects for treatment. Nat Rev Neurol. 2016;12(4):234-48. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27 https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27... )	SC
Alterações periodontais(¹³13 Buregyeya E, Naigino R, Mukose A. Facilitators and barriers to uptake and adherence to lifelong antiretroviral therapy among HIV infected pregnant women in Uganda: a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2017;17(1):94. doi: 10.1186/s12884-017-1276-x https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-017-1276-... ,²⁹29 M Elicer I, Byrd D, Clark US, Morgello S, Robinson-Papp J. Motor function declines over time in human immunodeficiency virus and is associated with cerebrovascular disease, while HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder remains stable. J Neurovirol. 2018;24(4):514-22. doi: 10.1007/s13365-018-0640-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-018-0640-... ,³⁹39 Nadel J, Holloway CJ. Screening and risk assessment for coronary artery disease in HIV infection: an unmet need. HIV Med. 2017;18(4):292-9. doi: 10.1111/hiv.12422 https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.12422... ,⁴⁴44 Saylor D, Dickens AM, Sacktor N. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder-pathogenesis and prospects for treatment. Nat Rev Neurol. 2016;12(4):234-48. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27 https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27... )	SC
Manifestações oculares(¹³13 Buregyeya E, Naigino R, Mukose A. Facilitators and barriers to uptake and adherence to lifelong antiretroviral therapy among HIV infected pregnant women in Uganda: a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2017;17(1):94. doi: 10.1186/s12884-017-1276-x https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-017-1276-... ,²⁹29 M Elicer I, Byrd D, Clark US, Morgello S, Robinson-Papp J. Motor function declines over time in human immunodeficiency virus and is associated with cerebrovascular disease, while HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder remains stable. J Neurovirol. 2018;24(4):514-22. doi: 10.1007/s13365-018-0640-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-018-0640-... ,³⁹39 Nadel J, Holloway CJ. Screening and risk assessment for coronary artery disease in HIV infection: an unmet need. HIV Med. 2017;18(4):292-9. doi: 10.1111/hiv.12422 https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.12422... ,⁴⁴44 Saylor D, Dickens AM, Sacktor N. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder-pathogenesis and prospects for treatment. Nat Rev Neurol. 2016;12(4):234-48. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27 https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27... )	SC
Distúrbios renais(¹³13 Buregyeya E, Naigino R, Mukose A. Facilitators and barriers to uptake and adherence to lifelong antiretroviral therapy among HIV infected pregnant women in Uganda: a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2017;17(1):94. doi: 10.1186/s12884-017-1276-x https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-017-1276-... ,²⁹29 M Elicer I, Byrd D, Clark US, Morgello S, Robinson-Papp J. Motor function declines over time in human immunodeficiency virus and is associated with cerebrovascular disease, while HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder remains stable. J Neurovirol. 2018;24(4):514-22. doi: 10.1007/s13365-018-0640-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-018-0640-... ,³⁹39 Nadel J, Holloway CJ. Screening and risk assessment for coronary artery disease in HIV infection: an unmet need. HIV Med. 2017;18(4):292-9. doi: 10.1111/hiv.12422 https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.12422... ,⁴⁴44 Saylor D, Dickens AM, Sacktor N. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder-pathogenesis and prospects for treatment. Nat Rev Neurol. 2016;12(4):234-48. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27 https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27... )	SC
Neoplasias(¹³13 Buregyeya E, Naigino R, Mukose A. Facilitators and barriers to uptake and adherence to lifelong antiretroviral therapy among HIV infected pregnant women in Uganda: a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2017;17(1):94. doi: 10.1186/s12884-017-1276-x https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-017-1276-... ,²⁹29 M Elicer I, Byrd D, Clark US, Morgello S, Robinson-Papp J. Motor function declines over time in human immunodeficiency virus and is associated with cerebrovascular disease, while HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder remains stable. J Neurovirol. 2018;24(4):514-22. doi: 10.1007/s13365-018-0640-6 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-018-0640-... ,³⁹39 Nadel J, Holloway CJ. Screening and risk assessment for coronary artery disease in HIV infection: an unmet need. HIV Med. 2017;18(4):292-9. doi: 10.1111/hiv.12422 https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.12422... ,⁴⁴44 Saylor D, Dickens AM, Sacktor N. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder-pathogenesis and prospects for treatment. Nat Rev Neurol. 2016;12(4):234-48. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27 https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneurol.2016.27... )	SC
Infecções oportunistas(⁸8 Ahmed CV, Jolly P, Padilla L, Malinga M, Harris C, Mthethwa N, et al. Barriers to ART initiation for HIV-positive children 2-18 months in Swaziland. Afr J AIDS Res. 2018;17(2):193-202. doi: 10.2989/16085906.2018.1488266 https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2018.14... ,¹⁴14 Guira O, Kaboré DSR, Dao G, Zagré N, Zohoncon TM, Pietra V, et al. Prévalence de la non-observance à la trithérapie antirétrovirale et facteurs cliniques et thérapeutiques associés chez les patients à Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Méd Santé Tropic. 2016;26(4):396-401. doi: 10.1684/mst.2016.0604 https://doi.org/10.1684/mst.2016.0604... )	SC
Coinfecção tuberculose/HIV(⁸8 Ahmed CV, Jolly P, Padilla L, Malinga M, Harris C, Mthethwa N, et al. Barriers to ART initiation for HIV-positive children 2-18 months in Swaziland. Afr J AIDS Res. 2018;17(2):193-202. doi: 10.2989/16085906.2018.1488266 https://doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2018.14... ,¹⁴14 Guira O, Kaboré DSR, Dao G, Zagré N, Zohoncon TM, Pietra V, et al. Prévalence de la non-observance à la trithérapie antirétrovirale et facteurs cliniques et thérapeutiques associés chez les patients à Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Méd Santé Tropic. 2016;26(4):396-401. doi: 10.1684/mst.2016.0604 https://doi.org/10.1684/mst.2016.0604... )	SC
Falha na prática da redução de fatores de risco(⁶6 Moriarty K, Genberg B, Norman B, Reece R. The effect of antiretroviral stock-outs on medication adherence among patients living with HIV in Ghana: a qualitative study. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2018;29(2):231-240. doi: 10.1016/j.jana.2017.09.014 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2017.09.0... -⁷7 Tegegne AS, Ndlovu P, Zewotir T. Determinants of CD4 cell count change and time-to default from HAART;a comparison of separate and joint models. BMC Infect Dis. 2018;18(1):197. doi: 10.1186/s12879-018-3108-7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3108-... )	Falha em agir para reduzir fatores de risco
Falha em incorporar o tratamento na vida diária(⁶6 Moriarty K, Genberg B, Norman B, Reece R. The effect of antiretroviral stock-outs on medication adherence among patients living with HIV in Ghana: a qualitative study. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2018;29(2):231-240. doi: 10.1016/j.jana.2017.09.014 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2017.09.0... -⁷7 Tegegne AS, Ndlovu P, Zewotir T. Determinants of CD4 cell count change and time-to default from HAART;a comparison of separate and joint models. BMC Infect Dis. 2018;18(1):197. doi: 10.1186/s12879-018-3108-7 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3108-... )	Falha em incluir o regime de tratamento na vida diária
Desenvolvimento de transtornos mentais menores(²⁷27 Lifson AR, Workneh S, Shenie T, Ayana DA, Melaku Z, Bezabih L, et al. Frequent use of khat, an amphetamine-like substance, as a risk factor for poor adherence and lost to follow-up among patients new to HIV Care in Ethiopia. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2017;33(10):995-8. doi: 10.1089/aid.2016.0274 https://doi.org/10.1089/aid.2016.0274... )	SC
Déficits de memória(³⁸38 Obermeit LC, Morgan EE, Casaletto KB, Grant I, Woods SP, HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program Group. Antiretroviral non-adherence is associated with a retrieval profile of deficits in verbal episodic memory. Clin Neuropsychol. 2015;29(2):197-213. doi: 10.1080/13854046.2015.1018950 https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2015.10... )	SC
Conduta de controle ineficaz da saúde(⁴¹41 Shalihu N, Pretorius L, van Dyk A, Vander Stoep A, Hagopian A. Namibian prisoners describe barriers to HIV antiretroviral therapy adherence. AIDS Care. 2014;26(8):968-75. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2014.880398 https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2014.88... )	SC
Dificuldade de compreender o plano terapêutico(⁴¹41 Shalihu N, Pretorius L, van Dyk A, Vander Stoep A, Hagopian A. Namibian prisoners describe barriers to HIV antiretroviral therapy adherence. AIDS Care. 2014;26(8):968-75. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2014.880398 https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2014.88... )	Dificuldade com o regime prescrito

Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem SGA Norte Quadra 603 Conj. "B" - Av. L2 Norte 70830-102 Brasília, DF, Brasil, Tel.: (55 61) 3226-0653, Fax: (55 61) 3225-4473 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: reben@abennacional.org.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Autor Correspondente: Wenysson Noleto dos Santos E-mail: wenysson-noleto@hotmail.com