The nursing surgical center discipline with an approach in the risk factor to a surgical patient considering the several risks that can cause health disorders are showed in this work. The factors risk were studied regard to the physical enviroment, material and equipment, personal and to the patient self. These aspects were affinitied with the surgical center, anesthetic recovery room and to the material center. The work was developed with two groups of students of the nursing school of São Paulo University, these students were in the fifth semester of nursing graduat course. The main objective of this work was help to the future professional to develop the best nursing care to the surgical patients