Knowledge and experience of Primary Education teachers regarding childhood asthma: mixed study

Brosso, Lilian; Zonta, Jaqueline Brosso; Levada, Aline Fernanda; Barbosa, Nayara Gonçalves; Lima, Regina Aparecida Garcia; Okido, Aline Cristiane Cavicchioli

doi:10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2022-0329en

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Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. esc. enferm. USP 57 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2022-0329en copy

Knowledge and experience of Primary Education teachers regarding childhood asthma: mixed study^* * Extracted from the dissertation: “Conhecimento e vivência de professores da educação infantil e fundamental com relação à asma: estudo misto”, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022.

Conocimiento y experiencia de docentes de Educación Básica sobre el asma infantil: estudio mixto

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To analyze the knowledge of Primary Education teachers regarding asthma and learn about their experiences with the exacerbation of symptoms at school.

Method:

Sequential explanatory mixed study. In the quantitative stage, the Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire and the characterization instrument were applied. Data analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The production of qualitative data occurred from written statements analyzed using the deductive content analysis method.

Results:

Two hundred and seven teachers, mostly women (92%) and working in public schools (82%). As for knowledge, 132 (63.8%) had unsatisfactory performance. The questions with the lowest rates of correct answers were about medications used regularly and during the attacks. Teachers with higher scores had less time in the occupation (p = 0.017) and had been diagnosed with asthma (p = 0.006). In the qualitative stage, 35 teachers participated and the statements corroborated the quantitative findings, especially in relation to the knowledge gap and feeling of greater safety among asthmatic teachers.

Conclusion:

Teachers showed insufficient knowledge and reported fear and unpreparedness in the face of the situation.

DESCRIPTORS
Child Health; Asthma; Educational Personnel; Nursing

Variables	n	Mean (SD)	Minimum	Q1	Median	Q3	Maximum	p value
Sex
Female	191	19.18(3.32)	11	17	19	21	31.00	0.034
Male	16	21.19(3.95)	13	18.50	21	23.50	28	0.034
Type of Education
Primary	76	19.46(3.40)	11	17	20	22	30	0.072
Elementary	103	18.92(3.40)	12	17	19	21	31
Both	28	20.54(3.19)	16	18	19.50	22.50	28
Type of School
Public	170	19.34(3.47)	11	17	19	21	31	0.893
Private	28	19.43(2.90)	16	17	19	20.50	27
Both	9	19.00(3.81)	13	18	20	22	23
Children
Yes	131	19.24(3.31)	11	17	19	21	31	0.849
No	76	19.51(3.57)	12	17	19	21.50	30	0.849
Diagnosis of asthma
Yes	39	20.64(3.94)	12	19	21	22	31	0.010
No	168	19.04(3.20)	11	17	19	21	30	0.010
Asthma in family and friends
Yes	96	19.81(3.83)	12	17	20	22	31	0.217
No	111	18.93(2.94)	11	17	19	21	25	0.217
Student with asthma
Yes	110	19.44(3.52)	12	18	19	21	31	0.899
No	97	19.23(3.28)	11	17	20	21	27	0.899
Experience of asthma exacerbation at school
Yes	40	20.10(4.33)	12	18	19	22	31	0.418
No	167	19.16(3.13)	11	17	19	21	27	0.418

Variables		Age	Time in the occupation
Knowledge score	r	–0,00125	–0,17650
	p	0,9863	0,0110
	n	190	207

Variable	Beta (SE)	p value	R²
Age (years)	–0.001 (0.08)	0.984	0.0000
Sex	32.89 (15.37)	0.034	0.0218
Time in the occupation (years)	–0.18 (0.07)	0.011	0.0312
Type of education	–15.08 (8.94)	0.093	0.0256
Type of education	10.34 (13.07)	0.430	0.0256
Type of school	–5.42 (12.21)	0.657	0.0011
Type of school	2.60 (20.47)	0.899	0.0011
Children	–1.63 (8.61)	0.850	0.0002
Diagnosis of asthma	27.28 (10.44)	0.010	0.0322
Asthma among family and friends	10.25 (8.29)	0.218	0.0074
Student with asthma	–1.06 (8.32)	0.899	0.0001
Experience of asthma exacerbation at school	8.49 (10.50)	0.420	0.0032

Variables	Categories	Beta* (SE)	p value	R² partial
Diagnosis of asthma	No (ref.) Yes	– 31.03 (11.21)	0.006	0.0348
Time in the occupation	Continuous variable	–0.17 (0.07)	0.017	0.0292

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419 , 05403-000 São Paulo - SP/ Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 11) 3061-7553, - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: reeusp@usp.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Aline Cristiane Cavicchioli Okido Rod. Washington Luís km 235 – SP-310, Caixa Postal 676, Campus Universitário 13565-905 – São Carlos, SP, Brazil alineokido@ufscar.br

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Knowledge and experience of Primary Education teachers regarding childhood asthma: mixed study* * Extracted from the dissertation: “Conhecimento e vivência de professores da educação infantil e fundamental com relação à asma: estudo misto”, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022.

Conocimiento y experiencia de docentes de Educación Básica sobre el asma infantil: estudio mixto

ABSTRACT

Objective:

Method:

Results:

Conclusion:

Knowledge and experience of Primary Education teachers regarding childhood asthma: mixed study^* * Extracted from the dissertation: “Conhecimento e vivência de professores da educação infantil e fundamental com relação à asma: estudo misto”, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022.