Efeitos das compressões de acuponto de gengibre e Neiguan sobre náuseas e vômitos induzidos por quimioterapia: um estudo randomizado e controlado

Chenbing, Xiao; Huiling, Xia; Qianqian, Xing; Dan, Wang; Guilan, Xie; Ling, Yang; Lingling, Xie; Weiwei, Qian

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. esc. enferm. USP 57 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2023-0104en copiar

Efeitos das compressões de acuponto de gengibre e Neiguan sobre náuseas e vômitos induzidos por quimioterapia: um estudo randomizado e controlado

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

Objetivo:

Avaliar os efeitos da compressão do acuponto gengibre e Neiguan na prevenção e tratamento de náuseas e vômitos induzidos por quimioterapia em pacientes oncológicos.

Métodos:

Um total de 172 pacientes hospitalizados no Hospital Afiliado da Xuzhou Medical University de fevereiro a setembro de 2022 foram divididos aleatoriamente em grupo controle, grupo gengibre, grupo acuponto e grupo combinado. A recolha de dados incluiu principalmente dados basais, pontuação de náuseas, vómitos e vómitos, sensação de benefício da doença, índice de vida funcional, satisfação com o tratamento e efeitos adversos.

Resultados:

Não houve diferenças significativas no benefício da doença e efeitos adversos entre os quatro grupos (P >0,05). O gengibre melhorou significativamente o índice de vida funcional tardia e náusea (P < 0,05), mas não melhorou a NVI tardia e vómitos e vómitos retardados, o índice de vida funcional dos vómitos e a satisfação com o tratamento (P >0,05). Ambos os grupos de acuponto e combinação melhoraram náuseas agudas, vómitos, náuseas tardias, vómitos, vómitos, vómitos, índice de vida funcional e satisfação com o tratamento (P < 0,05).

Conclusão:

A acupuntura de gengibre e neiguan pode ajudar a melhorar a NVIQ em pacientes submetidos a quimioterapia.

DESCRITORES
Acupressão; Tratamento Farmacológico; Náusea; Gengibre; Vômito

Items		Control group	Ginger group	Acupressure group	Joint group	F/X² (p)	P(p)
Age ( $\bar{x}$ ± s)		59.03 ± 1.59	57.35 ± 2.09	56.43 ± 1.60	59.55 ± 1.64	0.698^a Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.555
Height ( $\bar{x}$ ± s)		163.28 ± 1.10	163.73 ± 1.28	164.25 ± 1.27	163.03 ± 1.17	0.199^a Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.897
Weight ( $\bar{x}$ ± s)		59.50 ± 1.68	63.45 ± 1.73	61.50 ± 1.66	59.70 ± 1.54	1.238^a Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.298
Body surface area ( $\bar{x}$ ± s)		1.64 ± 0.027	1.69 ± 0.027	1.67 ± 0.03	1.64 ± 0.02	0.873^a Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.457
KPS ( $\bar{x}$ ± s)		89.75 ± 0.25	90.00 ± 0.00	89.63 ± 0.25	89.75 ± 0.25	0.491^a Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.689
Chemotherapy cycle ( $\bar{x}$ ± s)		4.22 ± 0.36	5.08 ± 0.56	5.38 ± 0.73	5.45 ± 0.69	0.866^a Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.460
Sex (n, %)	Male	17 (42.5%)	20 (50%)	20 (50%)	21 (52.5%)	0.901^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.825
Sex (n, %)	Female	23 (57.5%)	20 (50%)	20 (50%)	19 (47.5%)		0.825
Religion (n, %)	Yes	6 (15%)	9 (22.5%)	7 (17.5%)	4 (10%)	2.388^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.496
Religion (n, %)	No	34 (85%)	31 (77.5%)	33 (82.5%)	36 (90%)		0.496
Smoking history (n, %)	Yes	12 (30%)	13 (32.5%)	10 (25%)	14 (35%)	1.030^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.794
Smoking history (n, %)	No	28 (70%)	27 (67.5%)	30 (75%)	26 (65%)		0.794
Drinking history (n, %)	Yes	14 (35%)	20 (50%)	15 (37.5%)	22 (55%)	4.532^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.209
Drinking history (n, %)	No	26 (65%)	20 (50%)	25 (62.5%)	18 (45%)		0.209
Motion history (n, %)	Yes	18 (45%)	12 (30%)	9 (22.5%)	12 (30%)	4.922^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.178
Motion history (n, %)	No	22 (55%)	28 (70%)	31 (77.5%)	28 (70%)		0.178
Sleep quality (n, %)	Well	12 (30%)	8 (20%)	12 (30%)	9 (22.5%)	2.391^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.880
	General	17 (42.5%)	21 (52.5%)	19 (47.5%)	22 (55%)
	Bad	11 (27.5%)	11 (27.5%)	9 (22.5%)	9 (22.5%)
Difficulty concentrating (n, %)	Yes	11 (27.5%)	11 (27.5%)	10 (25%)	9 (22.5%)	0.361^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.948
Difficulty concentrating (n, %)	No	29 (72.5%)	29 (72.5%)	30 (75%)	31 (77.5%)		0.948
Underlying diseases (n, %)	Yes	7 (17.5%)	12 (30%)	6 (15%)	9 (22.5%)	3.137^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.371
Underlying diseases (n, %)	No	33 (82.5%)	28 (70%)	34 (85%)	31 (77.5%)		0.371
Anxiety before chemotherapy (n, %)	No	39 (97.5%)	34 (85%)	36 (90%)	35 (87.5%)	3.889^c Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.274
Anxiety before chemotherapy (n, %)	Yes	1 (2.5%)	6 (15%)	4 (10%)	5 (12.5%)		0.274
Depression before chemotherapy (n, %)	No	33 (82.5%)	34 (85%)	34 (85%)	38 (95%)	3.234^c Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.357
Depression before chemotherapy (n, %)	Yes	7 (17.5%)	6 (15%)	6 (15%)	2 (5%)		0.357
Education (n, %)	Primary school	16 (40%)	15 (37.5%)	10 (25%)	13 (32.5%)	3.162^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.788
	Junior middle school	14 (35%)	17 (42.5%)	20 (50%)	16 (40%)
	High school	10 (25%)	8 (20%)	10 (25%)	11 (27.5%)
Occupation (n, %)	Peasant	19 (47.5%)	21 (52.5%)	20 (50%)	23 (57.5%)	3.539^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.739
	Serving officer	12 (30%)	13 (32.5%)	16 (40%)	11 (27.5%)
	Retiree	9 (22.5%)	6 (15%)	4 (10%)	6 (15%)
Pregnancy-vomiting history (n, %)	Yes	14 (35%)	12 (30%)	9 (22.5%)	10 (25%)	1.372^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.712
Pregnancy-vomiting history (n, %)	No	9 (22.5%)	8 (20%)	11 (27.5%)	9 (22.5%)		0.712
Pathological staging of tumor (n, %)	1/2 phase	15 (37.5%)	13 (32.5%)	17 (42.5%)	14 (35%)	4.497^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.610
	3 phase	8 (20%)	15 (37.5%)	7 (17.5%)	9 (22.5%)
	4 phase	14 (35%)	12 (30%)	15 (37.5%)	13 (32.5%)
Oxaliplatin dose (n, %)	150mg	11 (27.5%)	12 (30%)	11 (27.5%)	16 (40%)	1.978^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.577
Oxaliplatin dose (n, %)	200mg	29 (72.5%)	28 (70%)	29 (72.5%)	24 (60%)		0.577
Cancer types (n, %)	Gastric	14 (35%)	14 (35%)	10 (25%)	10 (25%)	9.037^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: chi-square test, c: Fisher exact method.	0.434
	Rectal	6 (15%)	14 (35%)	8 (20%)	11 (27.5%)
	Colon	13 (32.5%)	7 (17.5%)	14 (35%)	10 (25%)
	Other	7 (17.5%)	5 (12.5%)	8 (20%)	9 (22.5%)

	Acute nausea	Delayed nausea	Acute vomiting	Delayed vomiting	Acute retching	Delayed retching
Control group	3.85 ± 3.47	4.83 ± 3.01	0.89 ± 2.01	0.70 ± 1.35	1.59 ± 1.87	2.58 ± 2.08
Ginger group	2.81 ± 2.94	2.69 ± 2.09	1.01 ± 1.81	0.44 ± 0.84	1.71 ± 1.89	1.54 ± 1.43
Acupressure group	2.45 ± 2.84	1.93 ± 2.39	0.64 ± 1.64	0.16 ± 0.47	0.83 ± 1.38	0.64 ± 1.14
Joint group	1.46 ± 2.08	0.93 ± 1.47	0.41 ± 1.13	0.13 ± 0.49	0.43 ± 1.04	0.25 ± 0.61
F	4.700	20.542	1.009	3.787	6.026	21.373
P	0.004	0.000	0.390	0.012	0.001	0.000
Control/ginger	0.109	0.000	0.740	0.187	0.725	0.001
Control/acupressure	0.031	0.000	0.507	0.006	0.033	0.000
Control/joint	0.000	0.000	0.208	0.004	0.001	0.000
Ginger/acupressure	0.574	0.142	0.320	0.153	0.013	0.005
Ginger/joint	0.037	0.001	0.112	0.108	0.000	0.000
Acupressure/joint	0.127	0.056	0.550	0.895	0.261	0.220

Items (x ± SD)	Control group	Ginger group	Acupressure group	Joint group	F(p)	P(p)
Acceptance	12.43 ± 2.79	11.68 ± 2.68	11.60 ± 3.42	11.63 ± 3.51	0.647^a Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: Fisher exact method, c: chi-square test.	0.586
Family relationships	8.73 ± 1.58	8.63 ± 1.53	9.07 ± 1.37	8.98 ± 1.59	0.704^a Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: Fisher exact method, c: chi-square test.	0.551
World outlook	12.10 ± 2.91	11.03 ± 3.37	11.53 ± 3.57	11.93 ± 2.74	0.912^a Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: Fisher exact method, c: chi-square test.	0.437
Personal growth	25.30 ± 6.65	24.10 ± 5.90	26.10 ± 5.48	24.25 ± 6.63	0.926^a Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: Fisher exact method, c: chi-square test.	0.430
Social relationships	13.18 ± 2.83	12.00 ± 2.76	12.63 ± 3.20	13.00 ± 2.61	1.323^a Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: Fisher exact method, c: chi-square test.	0.269
Health behaviors	12.20 ± 2.14	11.60 ± 2.52	12.38 ± 2.06	12.55 ± 2.38	1.312^a Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: Fisher exact method, c: chi-square test.	0.273
Total	83.98 ± 12.24	79.03 ± 14.52	83.30 ± 12.58	82.33 ± 12.45	1.144^a Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: Fisher exact method, c: chi-square test.	0.333
Dizziness	1 (2.5%)	3 (7.5%)	3 (7.5%)	5 (12.5%)	2.883^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: Fisher exact method, c: chi-square test.	0.410
Headache	8 (20%)	5 (12.5%)	7 (17.5%)	5 (12.5%)	1.280^c Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: Fisher exact method, c: chi-square test.	0.734
Fever	0 (0%)	1 (2.5%)	2 (5%)	2 (5%)	2.271^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: Fisher exact method, c: chi-square test.	0.518
Abdominal pain	6 (15%)	4 (10%)	5 (12.5%)	4 (10%)	0.657^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: Fisher exact method, c: chi-square test.	0.883
Diarrhea	3 (7.5%)	3 (7.5%)	0( 0%)	5 (12.5%)	4.979^b Annotation: a: variance analysis, b: Fisher exact method, c: chi-square test.	0.676

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[1] Corresponding author: Qian Weiwei 99 Huaihai West Road, Quanshan District 221002– Xuzhou, China 373225219@qq.com