| Physical property | Glass spheres | Glass box (wall) |
|---|---|---|
| Particle diameter | 10 mm | - |
| Poissons' ratio (v) | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Shear Modulus (G) | 8.31e+07 Pa | 8.31e+07 Pa |
| density (ρ) | 2500 kg/m3 | 2500 kg/m3 |
| Interaction | Particle-particle (pp) | Particle-wall (pw) |
| Coefficient of restitution (e) | epp= 0.5 | epw = 0.25 |
| Static friction coefficient (µs) | µs,pp= 0.4 | µs,pw= 0.6 |
| Rolling friction coefficient (µr) | µr,pp = 0.05×10-3 m | µr,pw = 0.1×10-3 m |
| Particle | Volume (mm3) | Ss (mm2) | Sp (mm2) | Sphericity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shape 1 | 523.60 | 314.16 | 314.16 | 1.00 |
| Shape 2 | 190.85 | 160.30 | 169.65 | 0.94 |
| Shape 3 | 260.92 | 197.47 | 214.79 | 0.92 |
| Shape 4 | 260.42 | 197.21 | 243.96 | 0.81 |
| DEM geometry | Sphericity(ψ) | Number of particles | CPU time (min) | Angle of repose (β) with uncertainty | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shape-1 | 1.00 | 2000 | 17.22 | 28.9 | ±1.49 | |
| Shape-2 | 0.94 | 5200 | 57.78 | 48.4 | ±2.49 | |
| Shape-3 | 0.92 | 4200 | 94.20 | 46.2 | ±2.38 | |
| Shape-4 | 0.81 | 4000 | 79.20 | 51.3 | ±2.64 | |
| Representing Shape 2 | Representing Shape 3 | Representing Shape 4 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Particle - particle (pp) | |||
| e pp | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| µs,pp | 0.90 | 0.80 | 0.90 |
| µr,pp (mm) | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.15 |
| Particle - wall (pw) | |||
| e pw | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| µs,pw | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.60 |
| µr,pw (mm) | 0.40 | 0.30 | 0.40 |
| β for non-spherical particles | β for recalibrated spherical | Relative deviation (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 48.4 | 48.90 | 1.03 |
| 46.2 | 46.25 | 0.11 |
| 51.3 | 51.40 | 0.19 |
