Medindo o capital humano: quadro metodológico para avaliar a competitividade e o desenvolvimento econômico

KORYAKOV, ALEXEY; KAZARYAN, IRINA; AFONASOVA, MARGARITA; LITVIN, IRINA

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Brazilian Journal of Political Economy

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Articles • Brazil. J. Polit. Econ. 42 (4) • Oct-Dec 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-31572022-3333 copiar

Medindo o capital humano: quadro metodológico para avaliar a competitividade e o desenvolvimento econômico

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

Este artigo enfocou a relação entre capital humano (HC) e competitividade na Rússia. O estudo examinou (1) o impacto dos investimentos em indústrias intensivas em conhecimento no desenvolvimento socioeconômico; (2) o impacto da proporção de empregados; (3) o impacto de fatores religiosos no HC; e (4) os problemas de formação de H em empresas inovadoras. Em nível nacional, os investimentos em indústrias intensivas em conhecimento não têm efeito sobre o desenvolvimento socioeconômico do país. O crescimento do PIB provou estar diretamente relacionado ao desejo das pessoas de melhorar suas qualificações. O impacto dos fatores culturais, educacionais e de saúde diferem entre as regiões.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE:
Capital humano; inovação; investimento; métodos de medição; qualificação.

Indicator	Year
Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
Introduced new technological processes, % of the total	0.444	0.383	0.429	0.456	0.436	0.507	0.497
Underwent the production of innovative goods, % of the total	0.575	0.520	0.505	0.551	0.513	0.521	0.517
Distributed innovative goods, % of the total	0.856	0.842	0.792	0.786	0.756	0.786	0.774
GDP, billion USD	2056.58	1363.70	1282.66	1578.41	1630.66	1609.4	1557.9

Indicator	Year
Indicator	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
In general, to the total number of full-time employees	9.1%	9.5%	9.3%	9.4%	9.2%	9.2%	9.3%
Agricultural sector	1.2%	1.4%	1.2%	1.3%	1.4%	1.4%	1.4%
Production sector	14.2%	14.3%	14.8%	14.7%	14.2%	14.3%	14.5%
Construction sector	4.8%	5.3%	5.2%	5.1%	4.0%	4.5%	4.7%
Trade sector	1.8%	1.8%	1.9%	2.2%	2.4%	2.5%	2.4%
Finance and insurance sector	7.8%	7.4%	7.3%	7.5%	7.9%	7.5%	7.7%
Public administration sector	11.4%	13.2%	13.4%	14.2%	13.9%	14.1%	14.2%

City	Females				Males
City	25-35	35-50	50-65	65+	25-35	35-50	50-65	65+
Perm	1	2			2	1	2
Dubna			2	1	4	3	2	1
Nizhny Novgorod		2		3	3	5		1
Troitsk	2		3		2		4	2
Khabarovsk			2	2		2	2	1
Total	3	4	7	6	11	11	10	5

Indicator	Regression equation	Correlation coefficient
GDP, billion USD = f (Introduced new technological processes, % of the total)	y = 154116x2 - 247234x + 100560	R² = 0.4566
GDP, billion USD = f (Underwent the production of innovative goods, % of the total)	y = 7E-08x2 - 0.0002x + 0.5951	R² = 0.7085
GDP, billion USD = f (Distributed innovative goods, % of the total)	y = 4E-07x2 - 0.0012x + 1.7548	R² = 0.6194

Federal district	Health capital	Educational capital	Cultural capital	Generalized HC evaluation	Prevailing religion
Central Federal District	0.96	1.00	0.95	2.90	Orthodox Christianity, 67%
Northwestern Federal District	1.05	0.99	1.02	3.06	Orthodox Christianity, 64%
Southern Federal District	0.79	1.08	1.12	2.99	Orthodox Christianity, 44%
North Caucasian Federal District	0.83	1.01	0.92	2.74	Islam, 67%
Volga Federal District	0.96	1.02	1.08	3.07	Orthodox Christianity, 53%
Ural Federal District	0.87	0.98	0.65	2.51	Orthodox Christianity, 71%
Siberian Federal District	1.01	1.00	0.79	2.79	Orthodox Christianity, 64%
Far Eastern Federal District	0.83	1.03	0.92	2.77	Orthodox Christianity, 8%

Questions	Answers	%
What measures are being taken to improve the health of workers at your enterprise?	a) Regular medical examinations	67.74%
	b) Issuance of health resort or gym membership vouchers	32.26%
	c) Prevention of occupational diseases	45.16%
	d) Arrangements for meals (canteen, catering)	58.06%
	e) Other	19.35%
How does your enterprise utilize benefits from staff members’ knowledge?	a) Training young specialists	70.97%
	b) Improvement of existing equipment and technology	64.52%
	c) Improvement of activities’ organization	48.39%
	d) Other	16.13%
Does your enterprise practice the movement of employees and specialists from one department to another?	a) Yes	70.97%
	b) No	25.81%
	c) Only for employees of certain departments	3.23%
Does your enterprise have a well-functioning system for transferring experience from highly-qualified specialists to young ones?	a) Yes	56.77%
	b) No	43.23%
What motivation methods are used in your enterprise?	a) Coercion (moral)	0.00%
	b) Material	80.65%
	c) Moral (recognition, certificates, awards, etc.)	58.06%
What is the staff members’ attitude towards employees who have leadership qualities and try to show them?	a) There are no such employees	3.23%
	b) Positive	83.87%
	c) Negative	3.23%
	d) Such workers are ignored	6.45%
	e) Your answer	9.68%
What is the attitude of management towards employees who have leadership qualities and try to show them?	a) There are no such employees	3.00%
	b) Positive	84.10%
	c) Negative	0.00%
	d) Such workers are ignored	6.45%
	e) Such workers are fired	0.00%
	f) Your answer	9.68%

Centro de Economia Política Rua Araripina, 106, CEP 05603-030 São Paulo - SP, Tel. (55 11) 3816-6053 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: cecilia.heise@bjpe.org.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS