Structural adjustment and agricultural growth in the 1980s: additional notes

FERREIRA FILHO, JOAQUIM BENTO DE SOUZA

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Brasil

Brazilian Journal of Political Economy

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Articles • Brazil. J. Polit. Econ. 18 (4) • Oct-Dec 1998 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-31571998-1272 copy

Structural adjustment and agricultural growth in the 1980s: additional notes

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This paper deals with some aspects of the Brazilian agriculture development in the near past. The growth rate differential between agriculture and industry in the 80’s was first analysed. The conclusion is that the kind of structural adjustment the Brazilian economy has faced at that time has favored agriculture to grow faster than the industrial sector. The fall in the national income caused by the external savings interruption has mainly affected investment, made out integrally of industrial products. In this way, industrial growth was much more severally affected than agriculture. But this would not suffice to explain the real agriculture growth then. So, it was found that there was also an important supply side stimulus to agriculture, due to a huge reduction in the agricultural production costs. This has certainly been an important factor related to agriculture growth in the 80’s.

KEYWORDS:
Economic growth; agriculture

Anos	Milho	Feijão	Arroz	Algod.	Café	Soja	Leite	Suíno	Frango	Boi
1980	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
1981	100	117	71	90	59	75	110	68	78	75
1982	75	54	85	79	62	71	89	80	66	64
1983	110	96	85	100	55	105	86	77	74	73
1984	103	112	76	115	61	108	77	91	83	83
1985	95	71	80	82	97	83	75	84	76	69
1986	94	73	67	85	186	72	71	97	91	94
1987	62	65	41	73	51	66	87	59	67	73
1988	74	55	49	64	41	83	68	54	61	52
1989	62	71	40	57	44	55	58	77	72	61
1990	52	41	40	43	61	36	54	52	51	69
1991	54	45	49	43	28	42	53	50	44	47
1992	53	38	37	38	23	46	53	45	42	45

	Bens Industriais de Consumo				Bens de capitais
Ano	Agrope.	Aliment.	Papel	Bebidas	Vestuár.	Constru.	Metalur.	Mecani.	Trans.
1980	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
1981	108	103	93	92	99	94	83	80	77
1982	107	104	100	90	102	92	80	66	75
1983	107	107	102	86	89	79	78	58	70
1984	110	107	108	85	91	80	89	68	73
1985	121	107	116	95	97	85	95	75	82
1986	112	107	128	117	104	100	106	92	92
1987	128	115	132	113	94	101	107	96	83
1988	129	112	130	115	87	98	103	88	90
1989	133	113	137	132	89	102	109	92	88
1890	128	116	130	133	77	93	96	78	74

	Insumos Industriais					Trabalho
Anos	Máquinas	Fertilizantes	Defensivos	Combustível	Tratorista	Mensalista	Volante
1980	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
1981	129	95	93	105	108	107	97
1982	141	93	89	99	111	114	101
1983	125	87	93	110	81	84	74
1984	116	92	98	110	84	84	71
1985	112	90	95	96	97	92	85
1986	100	68	84	82	123	115	145
1987	112	53	47	90	77	71	82
1988	151	50	37	75	62	59	54
1989	161	45	53	62	73	66	62
1990	173	46	46	62	67	59	69

Ano	Algodão	Arroz	Feijão	Milho	Mandioca	Soja	Trigo
1980	81	80	70	77	75	74	52
1981	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
1982	87	89	79	76	103	101	95
1983	118	82	95	81	66	127	110
1984	119	84	89	85	98	121	135
1985	76	61	162	67	67	101	89
1986	86	79	86	55	111	65	70
1987	95	83	46	97	153	79	77
1988	74	86	58	76	81	142	85
1989	135	95	50	77	152	126	95
1990	83	68	41	64	108	98	38
1991	78	57	27	47	139	72	34
1992	51	50	24	37	100	65	31
1993	30	29	14	24	53	45	-
1994	44	43	22	37	59	57	-

Ano	Algodão	Arroz	Feijão	Milho	Mandioca	Soja	IPR/IPPF
1980	137	177	123	130	147	179	122
1981	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
1982	102	135	59	98	58	94	89
1983	94	147	86	136	72	110	116
1984	108	127	108	121	99	119	117
1985	119	186	37	141	101	110	123
1986	110	121	73	172	40	147	159
1987	86	71	122	64	22	111	79
1988	96	80	81	99	101	78	98
1989	47	59	122	81	56	59	66
1990	57	84	86	82	21	49	69
1991	61	122	144	114	19	78	66
1992	82	107	138	142	47	94	71
1993	148	172	252	204	75	125	85
1994	108	112	216	114	46	86	92

	Valores de arrendamentos		Valor das terras nuas
Ano	Agricultura	Pastagens	Agrícola 1 a.	Agrícola 2a.	Pastagens
1980	100	100	100	100	100
1981	113	91	106	101	104
1982	98	81	96	86	85
1983	70	66	70	61	60
1984	87	88	74	72	74
1985	103	95	93	81	85
1986	136	158	155	175	177
1987	74	102	131	87	85
1988	66	66	66	55	56
1989	60	91	88	91	94
1990	72	76	76	70	72
1991	68	85	68	61	61
1992	64	-	55	51	51

Ano	Algodão	Arroz	Feijão	Milho	Mandioca	Soja	Trigo
	@/ha	sc/ha	sc/ha	sc/ha	ton/ha	sc/ha	sc/ha
80	TM 119	TM39	TMA16	TM 47	TMA20	TM 35	TM 19
81	TM 119	TM 39	TMA16	TM 47	TMA 20	TM 35	TM 19
82	TM 145	TM 39	TMA16	TM 47	TMA 25	TM 30	TM 19
83	TM 145	TM 39	TMA16	TM 47	TMA 25	TM 30	TM 19
84	TM 145	TM39	TMA16	TM 50	TMA 25	TM 30	TM 19
85	TM 145	TM 39	TMA16	TM 50	TMA25	TM 30	TM19
86	TM145	TM 55	TMA16	TM 60	TMA25	TM 30	TM 19
87	TM 145	TM 55	TMA 16	TM 60	TMA20	TM 30	TM 19
88	TM 145	TM 55	TMA16	TM 60	TMA 20	TM 30	TM 19
89	TM 145	TM 60	TMA12	TM 60	TMA 18	TM 35	TM 19
90	TM 145	TM 70	TM 22	TM 60	TM 18	TM 35	TM 27
91	TM 145	TM70	TM 27	TM 60	TM 18	TM 35	TM 27
92	TM 159	TM 70	TM 27	TM 80	TM 18	TM 35	TM 27
93	TM 159	TM 70	TM 27	TM 80	TM18	TM35
94	TM 159	TM 70	TM 27	TM 80	TM 20	TM 38

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[TFN1] Fonte: Dados originais do IEA. Elaboração do autor.