Prevalence and factors associated with maternal breastfeeding in the first hour of life in full-term live births in southwest Bahia, Brazil, 2017

Priscilla Keylla Santos Sousa

Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil

Taiane Gonçalves Novaes

Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências, Departamento de Nutrição, Jequié, BA, Brazil

Elma Izze da Silva Magalhães

Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Medicina Social, Pelotas, RS, Brazil

Andressa Tavares Gomes

Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil

Vanessa Moraes Bezerra

Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil

Michele Pereira Netto

Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Departamento de Nutrição, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil

Daniela da Silva Rocha

Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil

Correspondence: Daniela da Silva Rocha - Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Campus Anísio Teixeira, Rua Rio de Contas, No 58, Quadra 17, Lote 58, Candeias, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil. Postcode: 45029-094 E-mail: drochaufba@gmail.com

Authors’ contributions

Sousa PKS, Novaes TG and Gomes AT contributed to data analysis and interpretation and writing the manuscript. Magalhães EIS contributed to the conception and planning of the study and writing the manuscript. Bezerra VM, Netto MP and Rocha DS contributed to the conception and design of the study and relevant critical reviewing of the intellectual content of the manuscript. All the authors have approved the final version of the manuscript and declare themselves to be responsible for all aspects of the work, including the guarantee of its accuracy and integrity.

Variable	n (%)^a	Prevalence of MBFFHL (%)^b	PR (crude)^c	95%CI^d	p-value^e
Maternal age (in years)					0.997
<20	44 (11.3)	50.0	1.00
20-34	275 (70.9)	49.5	0.99	0.72;1.36
≥35	69 (17.7)	49.3	0.99	0.67;1.44
Maternal schooling (in years of study)					0.034
0-4	47 (12.1)	63.8	1.00
5-8	56 (14.4)	55.4	0.87	0.63;1.19
9-11	181 (46.7)	49.2	0.77	0.59;1.00
≥12	104 (26.8)	40.4	0.63	0.46;0.87
Maternal race/skin color					0.297
White/yellow	93 (24)	49.5	1.00
Black	68 (17.5)	57.4	1.16	0.87;1.55
Brown	227 (58.5)	47.1	0.95	0.74;1.22
Maternal marital status					0.890
No partner	84 (21.7)	48.8	1.00
Has a partner	304 (78.3)	49.7	1.02	0.80;1.30
Person/room ratio					0.008^f
<1	323 (83.3)	46.8	1.00
≥1	65 (16.8)	63.1	1.35	1.08;1.68

Variable	n (%)^a	Prevalence of MBFFHL (%)^b	PR(crude)^c	95%CI^d	p-value^e
Number of prenatal consultations					0.031
≥6	311 (80.2)	47.0	1.00
<6	77 (19.8)	59.7	1.27	1.02;1.58
Type of service providing prenatal consultations					0.007^f
Public	268 (69.4)	54.1	1.00
Private	118 (30.6)	38.1	0.70	0.55;0.91
Maternal evaluation of health professional guidance given during prenatal care					0.045^g
Dissatisfactory	52 (13.5)	34.6	1.00
Satisfactory	334 (86.5)	51.5	1.49	1.01;2.19
Participation in pregnant women’s group					0.115
No	281 (72.6)	47.0	1.00
Yes	106 (27.4)	55.7	1.18	0.96;1.46
Prenatal guidance on how to hold and position the baby for breastfeeding					0.009^f
No	82 (30.6)	39,0	1.00
Yes	186 (69.4)	58.1	1.49	1.11;2.00
Prenatal guidance on hand expressing breast milk (if necessary)					0.020^g
No	163 (60.8)	46.6	1.00
Yes	105 (39.2)	61.0	1.31	1.04;1.64
Parity					0.021^g
Primipara	185 (47.7)	43.2	1.00
Multipara	203 (52.3)	55.2	1.28	1.04;1.57
Planned pregnancy					0.663
No	220 (56.7)	50.5	1.00
Yes	168 (43.3)	48.2	0.96	0.78;1.17
Feeling when finding out about pregnancy					0.463
Dissatisfied	55 (14.8)	54.6	1.00
Satisfied	318 (85.2)	49.4	0.91	0.69;1.18
Tobacco smoking during pregnancy					0.072
No	370 (95.4)	48.7	1.00
Yes	18 (4.6)	66.7	1.37	0.97;1.93
Alcohol intake during pregnancy					0.169
No	360 (92.8)	48.6	1.00
Yes	28 (7.2)	60.7	1.25	0.91;1.71

Variable	n (%)^a	Prevalence of MBFFHL (%)^b	PR(crude)^c	95%CI^d	p-value^e
Liveborn baby taken to its mother soon after delivery					<0.001^f
No	141 (36.3)	28.4	1
Yes	247 (63.7)	61.5	2.17	1.64;2.87
Mother and baby kept in the same room					<0.001^f
No	66 (17)	12.1	1
Yes	322 (83)	57.1	4.71	2.44;9.10
Child delivery at a Baby-Friendly Hospital					<0.001^f
No	192 (49.5)	22.9	1
Yes	196 (50.5)	75.5	3.29	2.51;4.32
Type of delivery					<0.001^f
Vaginal	181 (46.7)	60.2	1
Cesarean	207 (53.3)	40.1	0.67	0.54;0.82
Breastfeeding encouraged, by health professionals					0.055
No	53 (13.7)	35.9	1
Yes	334 (86.3)	51.8	1.44	0.99;2.10
Weight at birth (in grams)					0.072
≥2,500	370 (95.4)	48.7	1
<2,500	18 (4.6)	66.7	1.37	0.97;1.93
Sex of liveborn baby					0.411
Female	182 (46.9)	47.3	1
Male	206 (53.1)	51.5	1.09	0.89;1.33
Intercurrences involving liveborn baby during delivery					0.635
No	374 (96.4)	49.7	1
Yes	14 (3.6)	42.9	0.86	0.47;1.59

Block/variable	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
Block/variable	PR^a	95%CI^b	PR^a	95%CI^b	RP^a	IC_95% ^b
Block 1
Maternal schooling (in years of study)
0-4	1.00
5-8	0.87	0.63;1.19
9-11	0.77	0.59;1.00
≥12	0.63	0.46;0.87^c
Block 2
Prenatal guidance on how to hold and position the baby for breastfeeding
No			1.00
Yes			1.44	1.07;1.95^c
Block 3
Liveborn baby taken to its mother soon after delivery
No					1.00
Yes					1.41	1.04;1.92^c
Mother and baby in the same room
No					1.00
Yes					2.42	1.09;5.36^c
Child delivery at a Baby-Friendly Hospital
No					1.00
Yes					2.43	1.72;3.43^c
Comparison using Akaike criterion	658.12	466.66	427.16

Brasil