Mortality of motorcyclists with traumatic injuries resulting from traffic accidents in São José dos Campos city, Brazil, in 2015: a cohort study

Silva, Caroline de Lima Neto; Lopes, Maria Carolina Barbosa Texeira; Thomaz, Rosimey Romero; Whitaker, Iveth Yamaguchi

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Original Article • Epidemiol. Serv. Saúde 29 (5) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-49742020000500003 copy

Mortality of motorcyclists with traumatic injuries resulting from traffic accidents in São José dos Campos city, Brazil, in 2015: a cohort study^* * Article derived from the Scientific Initiation Project entitled ‘Morbidity and mortality of motorcyclists with traumatic injuries resulting from traffic accidents’, submitted by Caroline de Lima Neto Silva to the Federal University of São Paulo Scientific Initiation Program in 2018. The study received financial support from the São Paulo State Research Support Foundation (FAPESP) – Process No. 2014/50032-9 – and from the National Council for Scientific and Technical Development/Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communication (CNPq/MCTIC) – Process No. 124371/2017-5.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective:

To analyze factors associated with mortality from traumatic injuries among motorcyclists.

Methods:

This was a prospective cohort conducted at the Municipal Hospital of São José dos Campos, Brazil, in 2015. Motorcyclists with traumatic injuries, ≥14 years old and hospitalized were included. Sociodemographic, accident and hospitalization variables were analyzed by applying a Poisson regression model showing relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).

Results:

Among 190 motorcyclists, 161 (84.7%) young men were found to have 422 (41.8%) injuries to the lower and upper extremities. Incidence of death increased as physiological injury severity (RR=9.67 [95%CI 1.46;64.26] and RR=4.71 [95%CI 1.36;16.26]), and anatomical injury severity (RR=31.49 [95%CI 3.72;266.38]) increased, but was lower within up to one week of hospitalization (RR=0.39 [95%CI 0.15;0.98]).

Conclusion:

Injury severity and length of hospital stay were associated with motorcyclist deaths. Further studies should be conducted to confirm these findings and to analyze the relationships in greater detail.

Keywords:
Accidents, Traffic; Motorcycles; Injury Severity Score; Mortality; Cohort Studies

Variables		Total n (%)^a a) Description of the sample studied: n = absolute value; % = frequency.
Sex
	Female	29 (15.3)
	Male	161 (84.7)
Day of the week of occurrence
	Sunday	41 (21.6)
	Monday	23 (12.1)
	Tuesday	18 (9.5)
	Wednesday	24 (12.6)
	Thursday	18 (9.5)
	Friday	20 (10.5)
	Saturday	46 (24.2)
Position in vehicle
	Driver	144 (88.9)
	Passenger	18 (11.1)
Use of crash helmet
	No	20 (10.5)
	Yes	102 (53.7)
	No information	68 (35.8)
Prehospital care
	No	16 (8.4)
	Yes	174 (91.6)
Hospital leaving status
	Discharge	180 (94.7)
	Death	10 (5.3)
Complications
	No	158 (83.2)
	Yes	32 (16.8)
Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended
	Good recovery	42 (48.8)
	Moderate disability	17 (19.8)
	Severe disability	27 (31.4)

Affected region of the body	Abbreviated Injury Scale (AlS)												Total^a a) Description of the sample studied: n = absolute value; % = frequency.
	Score 1 (Minor)		Score 2 (Moderate)		Score 3 (Serious)		Score 4 (Severe)		Score 5 (Critical)		Score 6 (Maximum)
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Head	12	3.5	39	9.0	76	34.4	8	30.7	1	50.0	–	–	136	13.6
Thorax	8	2.3	35	8.5	42	19.0	13	50.0	–	–	–	–	98	9.7
External	220	63.4	2	0.5	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	222	22.1
Upper extremity	35	10.1	113	27.0	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	148	14.7
Lower extremity	35	10.1	143	35.0	94	42.5	–	–	–	–	–	–	272	27.1
Face	29	8.3	13	3.0	3	1.4	–	–	–	–	–	–	45	4.5
Neck	–	–	1	2.0	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	1	0.1
Abdomen	6	1.7	33	8.0	4	1.8	5	19.3	–	–	–	–	48	4.8
Spine	2	0.6	29	7.0	2	0.9	–	–	1	50.0	–	–	34	3.4
Total	347	100.0	408	100.0	221	100.0	26	100.0	2	100.0	–	–	1,004	100.0

Demographic variables		Hospital leaving status		Total n (%)^a a) Description of the sample studied: n = absolute value; % = frequency.	p-value^b b) Test p-value.
Demographic variables		Discharge n (%)^a a) Description of the sample studied: n = absolute value; % = frequency.	Death n (%)^a a) Description of the sample studied: n = absolute value; % = frequency.		p-value^b b) Test p-value.
Age (years)
	14-29	106 (94.6)	6 (5.4)	112 (100.0)	0.418^c c) Fisher's exact test.
	30-39	39 (97.5)	1 (2.5)	40 (100.0)
	40-49	22 (95.6)	1 (4.4)	23 (100.0)
	≥50	11 (86.7)	2 (13.3)	13 (100.0)
Sex
	Female	29 (100.0)	– (–)	29 (100.0)	0.365^c c) Fisher's exact test.
	Male	151 (93.8)	10 (6.2)	161 (100.0)	0.365^c c) Fisher's exact test.
Day of the week on which incident occurred
	Sunday	39 (95.1)	2 (4.9)	41 (100.0)	<0.001^c c) Fisher's exact test.
	Monday	23 (100.0)	– (–)	23 (100.0)
	Tuesday	17 (94.4)	1 (5.6)	18 (100.0)
	Wednesday	22 (91.7)	2 (8.3)	24 (100.0)
	Thursday	18 (100.0)	– (–)	18 (100.0)
	Friday	19 (95.0)	1 (5.0)	20 (100.0)
	Saturday	42 (91.3)	4 (8.7)	46 (100.0)
Position on vehicle
	Driver	136 (94.4)	8 (5.6)	144 (100.0)	0.599^c c) Fisher's exact test.
	Passenger	18 (100.0)	– (–)	18 (100.0)	0.599^c c) Fisher's exact test.
Use of crash helmet
	No	17 (85.0)	3 (15.0)	20 (100.0)	0.081^c c) Fisher's exact test.
	Yes	99 (97.1)	3 (2.9)	102 (100.0)
	No information	64 (94.1)	4(5.9)	68 (100.0)
Prehospital care
	No	16 (100.0)	– (–)	16 (100.0)	1.000^c c) Fisher's exact test.
	Yes	164 (94.3)	10 (5.7)	174 (100.0)	1.000^c c) Fisher's exact test.
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
	13-15	173 (98.3)	3 (1.7)	176 (100.0)	<0.001^c c) Fisher's exact test.
	9-12	1 (33.3)	2 (66.7)	3 (100.0)
	3-8	6 (54.5)	5 (45.5)	11 (100.0)
Injury Severity Score (ISS)
	1-15	166 (99.4)	1 (0.6)	167 (100.0)	<0.001^c c) Fisher's exact test.
	≥16	14 (60.9)	9 (39.1)	23 (100.0)	<0.001^c c) Fisher's exact test.
Complications
	Yes	22 (68.8)	10 (31.2)	32 (100.0)	<0.001^c c) Fisher's exact test.
	No	158 (100.0)	– (–)	158 (100.0)	<0.001^c c) Fisher's exact test.
Length of hospital stay (days)
	1-7	114 (96.6)	4 (3.4)	118 (100.0)	0.099^c c) Fisher's exact test.
	8-14	38 (95.0)	2 (5.0)	40 (100.0)
	≥15	28 (87.5)	4 (12.5)	32 (100.0)

Factors associated with death		n (%)^a a) Description of the sample studied: n = absolute value; % = frequency.	RR^b b) RR: relative risk.	95%CI^c c) 95%CI: 95% confidence interval.	p-value^d d) Test p-value.
Age (years)
	14-29	112 (59.0)	1.00
	30-39	40 (21.1)	0.76	0.09;6.62	0.805
	40-49	23 (12.1)	0.41	0.04;4.58	0.468
	≥50	15 (7.8)	1.21	0.16;9.28	0.854
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
	13-15	176 (92.6)	1.00
	9-12	3 (1.6)	9.67	1.46;64.26	0.019
	3-8	11 (5.8)	4.71	1.36;16.26	0.014
Injury Severity Score (ISS)
	1-15	167 (87.9)	1.00
	≥16	23 (12.1)	31.49	3.72;266.38	0.002
Length of hospital stay (days)
	1-7	118 (62.1)	1.00
	8-14	40 (21.1)	0.68	0.16;2.99	0.615
	≥15	32 (16.8)	0.39	0.15;0.98	0.044

Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde e Ambiente - Ministério da Saúde do Brasil SRTVN Quadra 701, Via W5 Norte, Lote D, Edifício P0700, CEP: 70719-040, +55 61 3315-3464, Fax: +55 61 3315-3464 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: ress.svs@gmail.com

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Correspondence: Caroline de Lima Neto Silva – Rua Santa Fé do Sul, no. 251, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Postcode: 02133-010 E-mail: caarolinedelima@hotmail.com