Factors associated with the prevalence of contrast-induced nephropathy in interventional cardiologyObjective: To identify factors associated with the prevalence of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing interventional cardiology procedures.
Method: Retrospective cross-sectional study, carried out in a large hospital in Fortaleza/Ceará/Brazil, from February 2023 to June 2024, with 1,191 patients undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation, and diagnostic catheterizations. Contrast-induced nephropathy was defined as an increase ≥0.5mg/dL in serum creatinine up to 72 hours after the procedure. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Poisson regression to estimate prevalence ratios, with a 95% confidence interval, adopting p≤ 0,05.
Results: The overall prevalence of nephropathy was 3.7% (n= 44). Higher frequencies were observed in elderly patients (79.5%), with arterial hypertension (79.8%) and diabetes mellitus (51%). Patients with valve replacement had a seven-fold higher prevalence (PR= 7.38; CI: 4.45-18.3; p< 0.001). The mean volume of contrast administered was 117mL, with 0.6% above the limit of 5mL/kg.
Conclusion: The prevalence observed was consistent with the literature, but high in certain subgroups, such as in valve implantation. Advanced age, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were associated factors, reinforcing the need for preventive care protocols and post-procedure renal monitoring.
Descriptors:
Nephropathies; Cardiology; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Contrast Media