Riesgos de enfermedad de las enfermeras docentes en el contexto del trabajo de enfermería postgraduado

Bublitz, Susan; Beck, Carmem Lúcia Colomé; Silva, Rosângela Marion da; Pai, Daiane Dal; Camponogara, Silviamar

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Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem

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Sumário

Original Article • Rev. Gaúcha Enferm. 42 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2021.20190514 copiar

Riesgos de enfermedad de las enfermeras docentes en el contexto del trabajo de enfermería postgraduado

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivo

identificar el riesgo de enfermedad relacionado con el contexto laboral de los profesores de enfermería vinculados a los programas de posgrado en enfermería stricto sensu en instituciones públicas.

Método

Estudio de enfoque mixto (paralelo convergente), realizado en universidades federales de Rio Grande do Sul, con enfermeras docentes, de noviembre/2015 a octubre/2016. Como técnica de recopilación de datos, se utilizó la Escala de evaluación del contexto laboral y la entrevista semiestructurada. A los datos se analizó de acuerdo con estadísticas descriptivas y análisis temáticos.

Resultados

En la etapa cuantitativa, se identificó que todos los factores en la escala fueron evaluados como críticos para el riesgo de enfermedad. En la etapa cualitativa, los informes complementan los datos cuantitativos y apuntan a la sobrecarga de trabajo, la competitividad y la infraestructura inadecuada.

Conclusión

Este estudio ofrece subsidios para la implementación de acciones dirigidas a la salud de los docentes de enfermería y ayuda a comprender el contexto laboral, que presenta riesgos de enfermedad.

Palabras clave
Salud laboral; Docentes de enfermería; Educación superior; Riesgos laborales; Ambiente de trabajo; Enfermería

Institution	Total professors	Eligible professors	Participants in the quantitative phase	Participants in the qualitative phase
A	16	14	14	6
B	40	32	25	7
C	18	12	11	7
TOTAL	74	58	50	20

Work Context Assessment Scale (EACT)	Mean	SD	Minimum	Maximum	Cronbach's alpha	Risk rating
Organization of work	3.46	0.54	1.55	4.33	0.784	Critical
Social-professional relations	2.79	0.68	1.40	4.60	0.886	Critical
Work conditions	3.46	0.87	1.10	5.00	0.953	Critical

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Escola de Enfermagem Rua São Manoel, 963 -Campus da Saúde , 90.620-110 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brasil, Fone: (55 51) 3308-5242 / Fax: (55 51) 3308-5436 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
E-mail: revista@enf.ufrgs.br

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[1] Corresponding author
Susan Bublitz Email: susan.bublitz@gmail.com

Organization of work (μ=3.46, SD=0.54)	Item	Mean	SD	CR
	1. The pace of work is excessive	4.14	0.775	Severe
	2. Tasks are accomplished with deadline pressure	4.00	0.800	Severe
	3. There is a strong demand for results	4.12	1.013	Severe
	4. The rules for performing tasks are strict	3.46	1.024	Critical
	5. Performance is monitored	3.12	1.177	Critical
	6. The number of people is insufficient to carry out the tasks	3.78	0.965	Severe
	7. The expected results are unrealistic	2.84	1.027	Critical
	8. There is a division between those who plan and who execute	3.16	0.880	Critical
	9. Tasks are repetitive	2.88	0.816	Critical
	10. There is no time to take breaks from work	3.44	0.941	Critical
	11. The tasks performed are discontinued	3.18	0.973	Critical

Social-professional relations (μ=2.79, SD=0.68)	Item	Mean	SD	CR
	12. Tasks are not clearly defined	2.54	0.984	Critical
	13. Autonomy does not exist	2.26	0.890	Satisfactory
	14. The distribution of tasks is unfair	2.70	0.964	Critical
	15. Employees are excluded from decisions	2.62	1.037	Critical
	16. There are difficulties in communication between managers and subordinates	2.38	0.998	Critical
	17. There are professional disputes in the workplace	3.88	0.840	Severe
	18. Lack of integration in the work environment	3.64	0.794	Critical
	19. Communication between employees is unsatisfactory	3.02	0.948	Critical
	20. There is a lack of management support for my professional development	2.32	1.240	Critical
	21. The information I need to perform my tasks is difficult to access	2.60	0.938	Critical

Work conditions (μ=3.46, SD=0.87)	Item	Mean	SD	CR
	22. Working conditions are precarious	3.66	0.972	Critical
	23. The physical environment is uncomfortable	3.70	0.985	Severe
	24. There is a lot of noise in the work environment	3.64	1.109	Critical
	25. The furniture in the workplace is inadequate	3.62	1.164	Critical
	26. Work tools are insufficient to carry out the tasks	3.46	0.943	Critical
	27. The job position is inadequate to carry out the tasks	3.42	1.115	Critical
	28. The equipment needed to perform the tasks is precarious	3.48	1.024	Critical
	29. The physical space to perform the work is inadequate	3.78	1.006	Severe
	30. Working conditions pose risks to the safety of people	2.60	1.000	Critical
	31. Consumables are insufficient	3.32	1.009	Critical