Viscerocutaneous form of loxoscelism and erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate deficiency

Barretto, Orlando C. O.; Cardoso, João Luiz; De Cillo, Domingos

doi:10.1590/S0036-46651985000500006

Abstracts

In a period of time of five years, all patients who exhibited viscerocutaneous form of loxoscelism were investigated for erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate deficiency, and in two patients out of seven it was found this deficiency. This finding suggests that this genetical enzyme deficiency could account for the hemolysis after Loxosceles bite, at least in some of the cases.

Em um período de cinco anos, todos os pacientes que exibiram a forma viscerocutânea do loxoscelismo foram investigados para a deficiência de glicose-6 fosfato desidrogenase eritrocitária, e em dois pacientes em um total de sete, esta deficiência foi encontrada. Este achado sugere que esta deficiência enzimática genética poderia ser uma das causas da hemólise que ocorre em decorrência da picada por Loxosceles.

CASE REPORTS

Viscerocutaneous form of loxoscelism and erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate deficiency

Forma viscerocutânea de loxoscelismo e deficiência de glicose 6-fosfato desidrogenase

Orlando C. O. Barretto^I; João Luiz Cardoso^III; Domingos De Cillo^II

^IProf. Livre-docente de Hematologia da Faculdade de Medicina U.S.P., Brazil

^IIMédico do Hospital Vital Brasil, do Instituto Butantan. São Paulo, Brazil

SUMMARY

In a period of time of five years, all patients who exhibited viscerocutaneous form of loxoscelism were investigated for erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate deficiency, and in two patients out of seven it was found this deficiency. This finding suggests that this genetical enzyme deficiency could account for the hemolysis after Loxosceles bite, at least in some of the cases.

RESUMO

Em um período de cinco anos, todos os pacientes que exibiram a forma viscerocutânea do loxoscelismo foram investigados para a deficiência de glicose-6 fosfato desidrogenase eritrocitária, e em dois pacientes em um total de sete, esta deficiência foi encontrada. Este achado sugere que esta deficiência enzimática genética poderia ser uma das causas da hemólise que ocorre em decorrência da picada por Loxosceles.

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Recebido para publicação em 31/8/1984.

Trabalho realizado no Laboratório de Pesquisas Hematológicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo e Hospital Vital Brasil, Instituto Butantan

1. BARRETTO, O. C. O. Erythrocyte glucoses-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in São Paulo, Brasil. Rev. Brasil. Pesq. Méd. Biol. 3: 61-65, 1970.
2. BEUTLER, E. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. In: Red Cell Metabolism. A Manual of Biochemical Methods. 2nd ed. New York, Grune & Stratton, 1975, 66-69.
3. BEUTLER, E. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. In: Hematology. Williams, W. J.; Beutler, E.; Erslev, A. J. & Rundles, R. W. (Ed.). 2nd ed. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1977, 456-479.
4. BIGGEMANN, U. Estudios bioquímicos del veneno de la araña L. laeta y su mecanismo de acción. [Thesis]. Chile, University of Concepción, 1971.
5. DELGADO, A. Loxoscelism. l: Formas clinicas del síndrome cutaneo. Rev. Soc. Peruana Dermat. 3: 73-76, 1969.
6. FUTRELL, J. M. & MORGAN, P. N. Inhibition of human complement components by Loxosceles reclusa venom. Inter. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immun. 57: 275-278, 1978.
7. FUTRELL, J. M.; MORGAN, B. B. & MORGAN, P. N. An in vitro model for studying hemolysis associated with venoms from the brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa). Toxicon 17: 355-362, 1979.
8. GAJARDO-TOBAR, R. - Mi experiencia sobre loxoscelismo. Mem. Inst. Butantan 33: 689-698, 1966.
9. GEREN, C. R.; CHAN, T. K.; WARD, B. C; HOWELL, D. E.; PINKATON, K. & ODELL, G. V. - Composition and properties of extract of fiddle back (Loxosceles reclusa) spider venom apparatus. Toxicon 11: 471-479, 1973.
10. HALL, J. E. A study of protein and peptide components of venoms of Loxosceles reclusa (getsch and Mulaik) and Dugesiella hentzi (Girard). [Masters Thesis]. Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 1970.
11. HEITZI, J. R. & NORMENT, B. R. - Characteristics of an alkaline phosphatase activity in brown reclusa venom. Toxicon 13: 181-187, 1974.
12. KNIERIM, F.; LETONJA, T. & SCHENONE, H. Activated in vitro del veneno y otros componentes orgánicos de Loxosceles laeta sobre eritrocitos humanos y animales. Bol. Chil. Parasit. 30: 43-46, 1975.
13. KNIKER, W. T. & MORGAN, P. N. An inactivator in spider of the fifth component of complement. Fed. Proc. 26: 362, 1967.
14. KNIKER, W. T.; MORGAN, P. N.; FLANIGAN, W. J.; REAGEN, P. W. & DILLAHA, C. J. An inhibitor of complement in the venom of the brown recluse spider, Loxosceles reclusa Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 131: 1432-1434, 1969.
15. MORGAN, B. B.; MORGAN, P. N. & BOWLING, R. E. Lysis of human erythrocyte by venom from the brown recluse spider, Loxosceles reclusa. Toxicon 16: 85-88, 1978.
16. NAZHAT, N. Venom of Loxosceles reclusa: protein components. [Masters Thesis], Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, 1968.
17. NANCE, W. E. Hemolytic anemia of necrotic arachnidism. Amer. J. Med. 31: 801-807, 1961.
18. ODELL, G. V.; CHAN, T. K.; GEREN, C. R.; LEE, C. K.; WARD, B. C. & HOWELL, D. E. Chemical and biological properties of tarantula and brown reclusa venom toxins. Fed. Proc. 34: 504, 1975.
19. REID, H. A. Venomous bites and stings. Trop. Doctor 5: 12-19, 1975.
20. SCHENONE, H.; RUBIO, S.; VILLARROEL, F. & ROJAS, A. Epidemiología y curso clinico del loxoscelismo. Estudio de 133 casos por la araña de los rincones (Loxosceles laeta). Bol. Chil. Parasit 30: 6-17, 1975.
21. SUAREZ, G.; BIGGEMANN, U. & SCHENONE, H. Estudios bioquimicos del veneno de Loxosceles laeta y de sus mecanismos de acción. Bol. Chil. Parasit. 26: 60-62, 1971.
22. SCHENONE, H. & SUAREZ, G. Venoms of Schystodidae Genus Loxosceles In: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology 48: 247-275, 1978. (Heffer-Heubner New Series Springer Verlag). Berlin, Heilderberg, New York.
23. TAYLOR, E. H. & DENNY, W. F. - Hemolysis, renal failure and death, presumed secondary to bite of brown recluse spider. Southern Med. J. 19: 1209-1211, 1966.
24. WRIGHT, R. P.; CAMPHELL, B. J. & BARRETT, J. L. Enzymatic characterization of Missouri brown spider venom. 164th ACS Meeting, New York (Abstr. 50), 1972.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
26 Oct 2012
Date of issue
Oct 1985

History

Received
31 Aug 1984

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. BARRETTO, O. C. O. Erythrocyte glucoses-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in São Paulo, Brasil. Rev. Brasil. Pesq. Méd. Biol. 3: 61-65, 1970.

[2] 2. BEUTLER, E. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. In: Red Cell Metabolism. A Manual of Biochemical Methods. 2nd ed. New York, Grune & Stratton, 1975, 66-69.

[3] 3. BEUTLER, E. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. In: Hematology. Williams, W. J.; Beutler, E.; Erslev, A. J. & Rundles, R. W. (Ed.). 2nd ed. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1977, 456-479.

[4] 4. BIGGEMANN, U. Estudios bioquímicos del veneno de la araña L. laeta y su mecanismo de acción. [Thesis]. Chile, University of Concepción, 1971.

[5] 5. DELGADO, A. Loxoscelism. l: Formas clinicas del síndrome cutaneo. Rev. Soc. Peruana Dermat. 3: 73-76, 1969.

[6] 6. FUTRELL, J. M. & MORGAN, P. N. Inhibition of human complement components by Loxosceles reclusa venom. Inter. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immun. 57: 275-278, 1978.

[7] 7. FUTRELL, J. M.; MORGAN, B. B. & MORGAN, P. N. An in vitro model for studying hemolysis associated with venoms from the brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa). Toxicon 17: 355-362, 1979.

[8] 8. GAJARDO-TOBAR, R. - Mi experiencia sobre loxoscelismo. Mem. Inst. Butantan 33: 689-698, 1966.

[9] 9. GEREN, C. R.; CHAN, T. K.; WARD, B. C; HOWELL, D. E.; PINKATON, K. & ODELL, G. V. - Composition and properties of extract of fiddle back (Loxosceles reclusa) spider venom apparatus. Toxicon 11: 471-479, 1973.

[10] 10. HALL, J. E. A study of protein and peptide components of venoms of Loxosceles reclusa (getsch and Mulaik) and Dugesiella hentzi (Girard). [Masters Thesis]. Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 1970.

[11] 11. HEITZI, J. R. & NORMENT, B. R. - Characteristics of an alkaline phosphatase activity in brown reclusa venom. Toxicon 13: 181-187, 1974.

[12] 12. KNIERIM, F.; LETONJA, T. & SCHENONE, H. Activated in vitro del veneno y otros componentes orgánicos de Loxosceles laeta sobre eritrocitos humanos y animales. Bol. Chil. Parasit. 30: 43-46, 1975.

[13] 13. KNIKER, W. T. & MORGAN, P. N. An inactivator in spider of the fifth component of complement. Fed. Proc. 26: 362, 1967.

[14] 14. KNIKER, W. T.; MORGAN, P. N.; FLANIGAN, W. J.; REAGEN, P. W. & DILLAHA, C. J. An inhibitor of complement in the venom of the brown recluse spider, Loxosceles reclusa Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 131: 1432-1434, 1969.

[15] 15. MORGAN, B. B.; MORGAN, P. N. & BOWLING, R. E. Lysis of human erythrocyte by venom from the brown recluse spider, Loxosceles reclusa. Toxicon 16: 85-88, 1978.

[16] 16. NAZHAT, N. Venom of Loxosceles reclusa: protein components. [Masters Thesis], Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, 1968.

[17] 17. NANCE, W. E. Hemolytic anemia of necrotic arachnidism. Amer. J. Med. 31: 801-807, 1961.

[18] 18. ODELL, G. V.; CHAN, T. K.; GEREN, C. R.; LEE, C. K.; WARD, B. C. & HOWELL, D. E. Chemical and biological properties of tarantula and brown reclusa venom toxins. Fed. Proc. 34: 504, 1975.

[19] 19. REID, H. A. Venomous bites and stings. Trop. Doctor 5: 12-19, 1975.

[20] 20. SCHENONE, H.; RUBIO, S.; VILLARROEL, F. & ROJAS, A. Epidemiología y curso clinico del loxoscelismo. Estudio de 133 casos por la araña de los rincones (Loxosceles laeta). Bol. Chil. Parasit 30: 6-17, 1975.

[21] 21. SUAREZ, G.; BIGGEMANN, U. & SCHENONE, H. Estudios bioquimicos del veneno de Loxosceles laeta y de sus mecanismos de acción. Bol. Chil. Parasit. 26: 60-62, 1971.

[22] 22. SCHENONE, H. & SUAREZ, G. Venoms of Schystodidae Genus Loxosceles In: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology 48: 247-275, 1978. (Heffer-Heubner New Series Springer Verlag). Berlin, Heilderberg, New York.

[23] 23. TAYLOR, E. H. & DENNY, W. F. - Hemolysis, renal failure and death, presumed secondary to bite of brown recluse spider. Southern Med. J. 19: 1209-1211, 1966.

[24] 24. WRIGHT, R. P.; CAMPHELL, B. J. & BARRETT, J. L. Enzymatic characterization of Missouri brown spider venom. 164th ACS Meeting, New York (Abstr. 50), 1972.