Factors associated with the frailty syndrome in elderly individuals living in the urban area

Pegorari, Maycon Sousa; Tavares, Darlene Mara dos Santos

doi:10.1590/0104-1169.0213.2493

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Original Articles • Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 22 (5) • Sep-Oct 2014 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1169.0213.2493 copy

Factors associated with the frailty syndrome in elderly individuals living in the urban area¹ 1 Paper extracted from master's thesis "Frailty syndrome: risk factors and quality of life of elderly people living in the urban area", presented to Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil. Supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brazil, process # 301704/2012-0, and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), Brazil, process # APQ-00866-12

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Variables		Frailty		Pre- frailty		No frailty		Total		p*
Variables		n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	p*
Sex										0.039
	Male	32	26.0	187	35.8	122	39.0	341	35.6
	Female	91	74.0	335	64.2	191	61.0	617	64.4
Age groups										<0.001
	60├ 70 years old	23	18.7	128	24.5	127	40.6	278	29.0
	70├ 80 years old	51	41.5	286	54.8	146	46.6	483	50.4
	80 years old or older	49	39.8	108	20.7	40	12.8	197	20.6
Race										0.170
	Caucasian	81	65.9	293	56.1	167	53.4	541	56.5
	Afro descendant	10	8.1	62	11.9	43	13.7	115	12.0
	Mixed	27	22.0	150	28.7	94	30.0	271	28.3
	Asian	2	1.6	14	2.7	7	2.2	23	2.4
	Indian	3	2.4	2	0.4	2	0.6	7	0.7
Marital status										0.012
	No partner	69	56.1	321	61.5	163	52.1	553	57.7
	Partner	54	43.9	201	38.5	150	47.9	405	42.3
Housing										0.084
	Lives alone	14	11.4	103	19.7	62	19.8	179	18.7
	Have company	109	88.6	419	80.3	251	80.2	779	81.3
Schooling										<0.001
	Illiterate	37	30.1	118	22.6	57	18.2	212	22.1
	1┤4 years	70	56.9	293	56.1	169	54.0	532	55.5
	5 or more	16	13.0	111	21.3	87	27.8	214	22.3
Individual income^†										0.009
	No income	10	8.1	37	7.1	26	8.3	73	7.6
	Up to 1 time the minimum wage	73	59.3	278	53.5	138	44.2	489	51.2
	1├ 3 times the minimum wage	35	28.5	161	31.0	120	38.5	316	33.1
	More than 3 times the minimum wage	5	4.1	44	8.5	28	9.0	77	8.1

Variables		Frailty		Pre-frailty		No frailty		Total		p*
Variables		n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	p*
Health perception^†										<0.001
	Negative	79	64.2	277	53.2	107	34.2	463	48.4
	Positive	44	35.8	244	46.8	206	65.8	494	51.6
Morbidities										<0.001
	None	0	0	7	1.3	14	4.5	21	2.2
	1├ 4	32	26.0	184	35.2	154	49.2	370	38.6
	5 or more	91	74.0	331	63.4	145	46.3	567	59.2
Use of medications										<0.001
	None	0	0	2	0.4	0	0	2	0.2
	1├ 4	56	46.7	280	59.1	181	74.2	517	61.7
	5 or more	64	53.3	192	40.5	63	25.8	319	38.1
Smoking										0.786
	Yes	17	13.8	62	11.9	41	13.1	120	12.5
	No	106	86.2	460	88.1	272	86.9	838	87.5
Hospitalization in the last year										<0.001
	Yes	40	32.5	92	17.6	32	10.2	164	17.1
	No	83	67.5	430	82.4	281	89.8	794	82.9
Basic Activities of daily life										<0.001
	Dependent	14	11.4	19	3.6	2	0.6	35	3.7
	Independent	109	88.6	503	96.4	311	99.4	923	96.3
Instrumental Activities of daily life										<0.001
	Dependent	114	92.7	374	71.6	180	57.5	668	69.7
	Independent	9	7.3	148	28.4	133	42.5	290	30.3
Indication of depression										<0.001
	Yes	55	44.7	137	26.2	50.0	16.0	242	25.3
	No	68	55.3	385	73.8	263	84.0	716	74.7

Variables		Pre-frailty			Frailty
Variables		OR*	95%CI^†	p^‡	OR*	95%CI^†	p^‡
Age groups
	60├ 70 years old	1			1
	70├ 80 years old	2.09	1.48-2.96	<0.001	2.06	1.10-3.58	0.022
	80 years old or older	2.42	1.49-3.90	<0.001	5.98	2.96-12.09	<0.001
Sex
	Male	1			1
	Female	0.70	0.49-1.01	0.055	1.18	0.65-2.13	0.579
Marital Status
	No partner	1.84	1.27-2.67	0.001	1.28	0.72-2.26	0.392
	Partner	1			1
Housing
	Lives alone	1			1
	Has a companion	0.88	0.58-1.36	0.585	0.58	0.27-1.22	0.155
Schooling
	Illiterate	0.95	0.58-1.56	0.846	1.19	0.53-2.65	0.665
	1┤4 years	0.96	0.65-1.42	0.830	1.03	0.51-2.07	0.925
	5 or more	1			1
Income^§
	Yes	1.52	0.66-3.45	0.323	2.59	0.60-11.21	0.202
	Up to 1 time the minimum wage	1.13	0.61-2.08	0.688	2.06	0.65-6.51	0.217
	1├ 3 times the minimum wage	0.79	0.43-1.45	0.449	1.56	0.49-5.04	0.448
	More than 3 times the minimum wage and more	1			1
Hospitalization
	Yes	1.45	0.92-2.30	0.109	2.89	1.60-5.24	<0.001
	No	1			1
Use of medication
	None	1			1
	1├ 4	1.62	1.03-2.52	0.035	3.67	1.05-12.78	0.041
	5 or more	2.36	1.36-4.10	0.002	6.06	1.65-22.17	0.006
Number of comorbidities		1.08	1.01-1.15	0.017	1.15	1.05-1.26	0.002
Disability to perform BADL
	Yes	4.36	0.96-19.83	0.057	8.68	1.73-43.51	0.009
	No	1			1
Disability to perform IADL
	Yes	1.47	1.06-2.05	0.020	5.31	2.46-11.41	<0.001
	No	1			1
Indication of depression
	Yes	1.07	0.71-1.61	0.738	1.80	1.04-3.12	0.033
	No	1			1
Health perception
	Negative	1.67	1.19-2.33	0.002	1.82	1.08-3.05	0.023
	Positive	1			1

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[1] Corresponding Author: Darlene Mara dos Santos Tavares Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde Av. Frei Paulino, 30 Bairro: Abadia CEP: 38025-180, Uberaba, MG, Brasil E-mail: darlenetavares@enfermagem.uftm.edu.br