Study |
Design |
Region |
Mean age (year) |
Male/Female (No) |
Treatment Method (No) |
Thrombolytic Agent |
Outcomes |
Follow up |
Method Of DVT¶ diagnosis |
Studies compared CDT* with anticoagulation |
AbuRahma et al. 2001 |
prospective |
USA |
47 |
21/30 |
CDT*+AA† (18) VS AA† (33) |
Urokinase rtPA |
major complications, PTS‡, patency rate |
5 years |
venous duplex imaging/iliofemoral phlebography |
Elsharawy et al. 2002 |
RCT |
Egypt |
46 |
11/24 |
CDT*+AA† (18) VS AA† (17) |
Streptokinase |
PTS‡, Complete lysis |
6 months |
Colour duplex ascending venography |
Enden et al. 2012 |
RCT, multicenter |
Norway |
52 |
119/70 |
CDT*+AA† (90) VS AA† (99) |
alteplase |
Complications, Patency rate PTS‡, Recurrent DVT |
2 years |
routine ultrasound, Or by venography or CT |
Enden et al. 2009 |
RCT, multicenter |
Norway |
52 |
64/39 |
CDT*+AA† (50) VS AA† (53) |
alteplase |
iliofemoral patency, venous obstruction, |
6 months |
routine ultrasound, Or by venography or CT |
Haig et al. 2016 |
RCT |
Norway |
52 |
110/66 |
CDT*+AA† (87) VS AA† (89) |
alteplase |
PTS‡, QOL |
5 years |
routine ultrasound, Or by venography or CT |
Lee et al. 2013 |
Retrospective |
USA |
53 |
27/26 |
CDT*+AA† (27) vs AA † (26) |
Urokinase |
Patency rate,Complications, PTS‡, Venous function |
15months |
Venography ultrasound |
Case series Studies without a comparison group |
Bækgaard et al. 2010 |
Prospective |
Denmark |
29 |
23/78 |
CDT* (101) |
rt-PA |
Vein reflux, PTS‡, rethrombosis, Patency rate, mortality |
6 years |
ultrasonography |
Bjarnason et al. 1997 |
Prospective |
USA |
47 |
27/50 |
CDT *(77) |
urokinase |
Complication, mortality Patency rate |
5 years |
Duplex ultrasound |
Broholm et al. 2011 |
Prospective |
Denmark |
31 |
24/85 |
CDT *(109) |
rt-PA |
PTS‡,QOL§, vein reflux |
6 years |
ultrasound |
Casella et al. 2007 |
Prospective |
Brazil |
4/14 |
NR‖
|
CDT *(18) |
rt-PA |
Complete lysis, rethrombosis, Bleeding, venous reflux |
1 year |
duplex-scan |
Du et al. 2015 |
Retrospective |
China |
59 |
207/220 |
CDT *(427) |
urokinase |
Complete lysis, patency rates, PTS, Complication |
2 years |
ultrasound or digital subtraction angiography |
Duan et al. 2015 |
Retrospective |
China |
65 |
49/57 |
CDT *(106) |
urokinase |
Complication, rethrombosis, Patency rate |
2 years |
conventional venography |
Engelberger et al. 2014 |
Prospective |
Switzerland |
46 |
35/52 |
CDT* (87) |
rt-PA |
PTS‡, patency, Complication, rethrombosis, Complete lysis |
1 year |
Duplex sonography |
Fiengo et al. 2015 |
Prospective |
UK |
35 |
NR‖
|
CDT* (24) |
urokinase |
Complete lysis, PTS‡, vein reflux, Complication, |
2 years |
Ultrasound Doppler |
Jackson et al. 2005 |
Retrospective |
USA |
NR‖
|
14/14 |
CDT* (28) |
Urokinase Retavase rt-PA |
Complete lysis, patency rate, Mortality |
15 months |
ultrasound |
Kölbel et al. 2007 |
Prospective |
Sweden |
31 |
11/26 |
CDT*+stent(37) |
altplase |
Complication Patency |
27 months |
Venography color Doppler scan |
Li et al. 2015 |
Retrospective |
China |
46 |
93/173 |
CDT* (266) |
Urokinase |
Bleeding, complication Complete lysis |
NR |
computed tomography venography or ultrasound Doppler |
Manninen et al. 2012 |
Prospective |
Finland |
48 |
26/30 |
CDT* (56) |
Urokinase |
Complication, Complete lysis, Patency, PTS‡, mortality |
3.5 years |
Ultrasound venography |
Park et al. 2008 |
Retrospective |
Korea |
55 |
10/24 |
CDT* (34) |
Urokinase |
Complete lysis, recurrence, PTS‡, complication, mortality |
16 months |
duplex scan computed venography |
Protack et al. 2007 |
Retrospective |
USA |
48 |
27/42 |
CDT* (69) |
rt-PA |
Rethrombolysis, complete lysis, Mortality |
2.1 years |
NR‖
|
Sharifi et al. 2013 |
Prospective |
USA |
52 |
19/14 |
CDT*(33) |
rt-PA |
complete lysis, mortality, complication |
22 months |
Venous duplex imaging. |
Sillesen et al. 2005 |
Retrospective |
Denmark |
31 |
7/38 |
CDT* (45) |
alteplase |
Complication, vein reflux, rethrombosis |
1 year |
Doppler ultrasound |
Strijkers et al. 2012 |
Retrospective |
Germany |
42 |
18/19 |
CDT*(37) |
Urokinase rt-PA |
Patency rate, complete lysis, complications, rethrombosis, |
1 year |
Duplex sonography |
Warner et al. 2013 |
Retrospective |
USA |
43 |
9/23 |
CDT*+ stent (32) |
Alteplase |
Complication, patency rate |
29 months |
Venous duplex ultrasonography |
Xue et al. 2014 |
Retrospective |
China |
64 |
25/36 |
CDT*+ stent(61) |
Urokinase |
Patency, mortality, PTS‡ Complication |
5 years |
duplex |