Resilience, quality of life and symptoms of depression among elderlies receiving outpatient care

Lima, Gabriella Santos; Souza, Isabela Maria Oliveira; Storti, Luana Baldin; Silva, Mônica Maria de Jesus; Kusumota, Luciana; Marques, Sueli

doi:10.1590/1518-8345.3133.3212

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Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem

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Original Article • Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem 27 • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.3133.3212 copy

Resilience, quality of life and symptoms of depression among elderlies receiving outpatient care^* * Paper extracted from master’s thesis “Resiliência, qualidade de vida e sintomas depressivos entre idosos em tratamento ambulatorial”, presented to Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Objective:

to analyze the relation between resilience and demographic variables, quality of life and symptoms of depression in elderlies attended at a Geriatric Outpatient Clinic.

Method:

analytical cross-sectional study, conducted with 148 elderlies, with a questionnaire of sociodemographic and health characterization, the Resilience Scale, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Bref, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Old, and the Center for Epidemiologic Survey - Depression Scale. Descriptive statistics, Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation were used for data analysis.

Results:

there was a positive correlation between resilience and schooling (r = 0.208; p = 0.010), income (r = 0.194; p = 0.017), the World Health Organization Quality of Life Bref (r = 0.242; p = 0.003), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Old (r = 0.522; p <0.001), and negative correlation regarding symptoms of depression (r = -0.270; p = 0.001).

Conclusion:

Resilience presented relation to schooling, income, quality of life and symptoms of depression in the elderly. These results are expected to help the multidisciplinary team plan actions aimed at developing resilience towards the promotion of health and good quality of life in old age.

Descriptors:
Aged; Resilience Psychological; Quality of Life; Depression; Geriatric Nursing; Aging

Variables	n	%	Mean (SD)^* * SD = standard deviation;	Median	Amplitude (min-max)
Age group (years)			77.7 (6.8)	77.5	64- 92
60-79	90	60.8
80+	58	39.2
Sex
Female	119	80.4
Male	29	19.6
Marital Status
Married, living with the partner	53	35.8
Widowed	78	52.7
Divorced/Legally Separated/Separated	9	6.1
Single	8	5.4
Schooling (years)			3.9 (3.9)	3.0	0 – 20
Illiterate	28	18.9
1 to 4	88	59.5
5 to 8	14	9.5
9+	18	12.1
Family arrangement			2.3 (1.2)	2	0 – 6
Alone	30	20.2
Only spouse	37	25.0
Spouse and children	8	5.4
Spouse, children, son-in-law or daughter-in-law	2	1.3
Only the children	31	21.0
Three-generation households	18	12.2
Only the grandchildren	6	4.1
Other^† † Other (elderly lives with: spouse and grandchild; brother and nephew; only brother; brother and parents; brother, sister-in-law and nephew; children; son-in-law or daughter-in-law).	16	10.8
Total	148	100.0

Variables	Resilience Scale (Overall Score)
Variables	r	p-value^* * significant value p<0.05
Age	- 0.022	0.790
Schooling (years)	0.208	0.010
Income	0.194	0.017
Number of Diagnoses	0.077	0.349
WHOQOL-BREF	0.242	0.003
WHOQOL-OLD	0.522	<0.001
CES-D	- 0.270	0.001

Variables		Resilience Scale		WHOQOL-BREF		WHOQOL-OLD
	n	Mean (SD^* * SD = standard deviation; )	p-value^† † p-value for Student’s t-test, significant value p<0.05;	Mean (SD^* * SD = standard deviation; )	p-value^† † p-value for Student’s t-test, significant value p<0.05;	Mean (SD^* * SD = standard deviation; )	p-value^† † p-value for Student’s t-test, significant value p<0.05;
Sex
Female	119	130.3 (18.9)	0.720	55.2 (21.1)	0.034	63.3 (12.7)	0.675
Male	29	131.6 (14.4)	0.720	62.9 (15.8)	0.034	64.4 (13.1)	0.675

Age group (years)
60 to 79	90	130.1 (18.9)	0.685	55.5 (20.2)	0.373	62.7 (12.8)	0.307
80+	58	131.3 (16.8)	0.685	58.6 (20.5)	0.373	64.8 (12.5)	0.307

Marital Status
Without partner	95	132.4 (17.9)	0.092	58.5 (19.0)	0.172	64.5 (12.7)	0.200
With partner	53	127.2 (18.0)	0.092	53.5 (22.3)	0.172	61.7 (12.6)	0.200

Schooling
Yes	120	130.8 (18.4)	0.720	56.3 (19.7)	0.658	63.5 (13.1)	0.991
No	28	129.5 (16.5)	0.720	58.4 (23.3)	0.658	63.5 (11.0)	0.991

Family arrangement
Living Alone	30	138.3 (17.7)	0.010	62.9 (18.7)	0.054	67.8 (12.1)	0.037
Living with someone	118	128.6 (17.7)	0.010	55.1 (20.5)	0.054	62.4 (12.7)	0.037

Income^‡ ‡ Minimum wage in force in Brazil in 2017 (R$ 937.00)
< 1 minimum wage	79	127.5 (18.4)	0.029	53.0 (21.1)	0.015	60.5 (12.2)	0.002
> 1 minimum wage	69	134.0 (17.1)	0.029	61.0 (18.7)	0.015	67.0 (12.5)	0.002

Symptoms of Depression
Yes	95	128.2 (18.2)	0.035	49.3 (19.8)	<0.001	59.4 (11.4)	<0.001
No	53	134.7 (17.2)	0.035	70.0 (13.5)	<0.001	71.0 (11.6)	<0.001

Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto / Universidade de São Paulo Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-902 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 (16) 3315-3451 / 3315-4407 - Ribeirão Preto - SP - Brazil
E-mail: rlae@eerp.usp.br

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[1] Corresponding author: Gabriella Santos Lima. E-mail: gabriellasl@usp.br