We did a literatura review in search for the bases of a "Fundamental Psychopathology". We examined the Written Report of the Activities of the first Brazilian Laboratory of Fundamental Psychopathology - located at "Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo"-, during the two first years since its foundation (1995-96). After that we tried to establish the reports between our findings and three Freudian presuppositions of a Fundamental Psychopathology extracted from the analysis of Dora Case. Finally we concluded emphasizing the notion of "Transference Neurosis" as the principal Freudian foundation to a "Fundamental Psychopathology ".