Corrosion resistance of galvanic pairs of titanium with silver amalgams in artificial saliva using electrochemical methods

Quezada-Castillo, Elvar; Aguilar-Castro, Wilder; Quezada-Alván, Bertha

doi:10.1590/1517-7076-RMAT-2025-0086

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Articles • Matéria (Rio J.) 30 • 2025 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-7076-RMAT-2025-0086 linkcopy

Corrosion resistance of galvanic pairs of titanium with silver amalgams in artificial saliva using electrochemical methods

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Silver amalgams are used to fill damaged teeth, while titanium (cp Ti and Ti-6Al-4V) is used in dental implants due to its biocompatibility and osseointegration capacity. The interaction of these materials in the oral cavity, through saliva, can generate galvanic corrosion and release metallic ions harmful to the health of users. This study evaluates the corrosion resistance of galvanic couples formed by high-copper silver amalgam (Duralloy) and titanium (CP Ti and Ti-6Al-4V) using electrochemical methods (potentials, current densities, Evans diagrams, and Mansfeld correction formulas in aerated artificial saliva). The results indicate that the combination of Duralloy with CP Ti and Ti-6Al-4V presents the highest corrosion resistance, which is corroborated by long-term current density curves.

Keywords:
Corrosion; Dental alloys; Artificial saliva; Polarization curves; Long-duration curves

MATERIAL	TRADENAME	CODE	CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (% m/m)
Low Copper amalgam	Standalloy F	1	Ag 71-Sn 25,7-Cu 3,3
High Copper amalgam	Duralloy S	2	Ag 45-Sn 31-Cu 24
Cp Ti	Commercially pure Ti	3	Ti 99,76-(others) 0,24
Ti-6 Al-4 V	Ti-6 Al-4V	4	Ti 90,33-Al 5,3-V 4,12-Fe 0,25

COMPONENT	NaCl	KCl	CaCl₂.2H₂O	KH₂PO₄	Na₂HPO₂.12H₂O	KSCN	KHCO₃	H₈C₆O₇
CONCENTRATION (g/L)	0,600	0,720	0,220	0,680	0,856	0,060	1500	0,030

MATERIAL	TRADENAME	CODE	V_corr (V_sce)	I_corr (µA/cm²)	b_c (V_sce)
High copper amalgam	Duralloy	2	-0,230 ± 0,012	0,033	0,167
Alloy of Ti	Ti-6Al-4V	4	-0,304 ± 0,011	0,138	0,110
Pure Ti	cp Ti	3	-0,319 ± 0,015	0,134	0,156
Low copper amalgam	Standalloy	1	-0,381 ± 0,018	0,083	0,194

MATERIAL	Notation of GC	V_corr.couple (V_Sce)	I_corr.couple (µA/cm²) (EVANS)	I_corr.couple (µA/cm²) (MANSFELD)
Standalloy/cp Ti	(GC_1,3)	-0,327	0,096	0,140
Stanadalloy/Ti-6Al-4V	(GC_1,4)	-0,313	0,120	0,194
Duralloy/cp Ti	(GC_2,3)	-0,270	0,107	0,148
Duralloy/Ti-6Al-4V	(GC_2,4)	-0,284	0,150	0,158

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Laboratório de Hidrogênio, Coppe - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, em cooperação com a Associação Brasileira do Hidrogênio, ABH2 Av. Moniz Aragão, 207, 21941-594, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, Tel: +55 (21) 3938-8791 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
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