Molecular markers indicate the phylogenetic identity of southern Brazilian sea asparagus: first record of <i>Salicornia neei</i> in Brazil

Costa, César S.B.; Kadereit, Gudrun; Freitas, Gabriela Peres Moraes de

doi:10.1590/2175-7860201970039

Brazil

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Original Paper • Rodriguésia 70 • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201970039 linkcopiar

Molecular markers indicate the phylogenetic identity of southern Brazilian sea asparagus: first record of Salicornia neei in Brazil

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on ETS, ITS and atpB - rbcL spacer sequences assessed the phylogenetic status of the southern Brazil sea asparagus species of the genus Salicornia (Salicornioideae, Amaranthaceae). Accessions of Patos Lagoon estuary (32° S) were obtained from wild plants and two pure line lineages, selected from contrasting prostrate (BTH1) and decumbent (BTH2) ecomorphotypes found locally. Patos Lagoon wild plants, BTH1 and BTH2 f4 progenies showed 100% identical sequences for the atpB - rbcL and ITS spacers, only two mutations for ETS. Comparison of the sequences of these three markers with GenBank records confirmed the identity of Brazilian accessions as Salicornia neei . Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analysis of ETS sequences indicated that the southern Brazilian accessions of Salicornia certainly are not close to any of the Salicornia ambigua accessions in GenBank, which are restricted to the northern hemisphere, nor are they related to any Salicornia fruticosa/Salicornia perennis clade accessions, which are also restricted to Eurasia. All above cited species have been wrongly applied to the southern Brazil sea asparagus.

Palavras-chave: sequências de DNA; Salicornioideae; Sarcocornia; halófitas; marismas

Taxon	Life form	GenBank	Voucher information (Collector; collection no.; deposited at; Country; State/Prov.; Locality)
Salicornia ambigua Michx.	p	EF433591	P. Teege; 05-US-004; MJG; USA; Massachusetts; Chatham
Salicornia ambigua Michx.	p	KM984569	Reznicek & Gregory; 27377; TRTE (5821); USA; Florida; Key Largo
Salicornia ambigua Michx.	p	KM984570	P.W. Ball; 94235; TRTE 70668; USA; Virginia; Gloucester County
Salicornia ambigua Michx.	p	KM984571	Shumway; 30896; CAS (990690); USA; New Jersey; Ocean City
Salicornia ambigua Michx.	p	KM984572	C.J. Rothfels; 2451; TRTE 67174; USA; North Carolina - Pender; Topsail Island
Salicornia ambigua Michx.	p	KM984573	C.J. Rothfels; 2449; TRTE 67175; USA; North Carolina; Pender, Surf City
Salicornia ambigua Michx.	p	KM984574	Luteyn; 2823; Duke 221694; USA; Florida, Gulf county, 5 miles south of Port St. Joe
Salicornia ambigua Michx.	p	KM984575	Luteyn; 2844; Duke 221663; USA; Florida; Taylor county, Keatonsbeach
Salicornia capensis (Moss) Piirainen & G.Kadereit	p	KM984583	L. Mucina; 081200/2; MJG; R.S.A; Western Cape; Darling
Salicornia capensis (Moss) Piirainen & G.Kadereit	p	KM984581	L. Mucina; 7200/5; MJG; R.S.A; Western Cape; Franskraal, Uilenkraalsmond
Salicornia capensis (Moss) Piirainen & G.Kadereit	p	KM984582	S. Steffen & L. Mucina; 040406/12; MJG; R.S.A; Western Cape; Agulhas Plain, De Mond N.R., Heunignes Estuary
Salicornia capensis (Moss) Piirainen & G.Kadereit	p	KM984584	S. Steffen & L. Mucina; 140406/03; MJG; R.S.A; Western Cape; Darling, Tienie Versveld Flower Reserve, at the entrance to the reserve
Salicornia capensis (Moss) Piirainen & G.Kadereit	p	EF433594	L. Mucina 7202/2 (MJG, STEU); South Africa: Western Cape Prov., Gansbaai,Uilkraalsmond
Salicornia cf. fruticosa L.	p	KM984600	P. F. Maycock; 3.10.2009; TRTE 69389; Greece; Paros; SW of Nagussa
Salicornia cf. fruticosa L.	p	KF427921	Y. Ventura and M. Sagi; 23.05.2012 type VM; Israel; Ramat Negev, Red Sea area
Salicornia cf. fruticosa L.	p	KF427919	Y. Ventura and M. Sagi; 23.05.2012 type IS; Israel; Ramat Negev, inland salt flat
Salicornia magellanica Phil.	p	KM984608	Goodall; 2573; MICH 1215807; Argentina; s.n.; Tierra del Fuego, N.W. part of San Sebastian Bay
Salicornia magellanica Phil.	p	KM984609	S. Pfanzelt, E. Teneb & N. Bahamonde; 696; MJG; Chile; Region de Magallanes; San Juan, south of Punta Arenas
Salicornia natalensis Bunge ex. Ung.-Sternb. subsp. natalensis	p	KM984627	L. Mucina; 6937/1; MJG; R.S.A; Eastern Cape; Jeffery Bay, Paradise Beach
Salicornia natalensis Bunge ex. Ung.-Sternb. subsp. natalensis	p	KM984615	S. Steffen & V. Koecke; 090506/1; MJG; R.S.A; Eastern Cape; Boesmansriviermond, Bushmans River estuary
Salicornia neei Lag.	p	KM984628	Bartlett; 19902; MICH 1215815 ; Argentina; Buenos Aires; Pedro Luro, Laguna La Salada
Salicornia neei Lag.	p	KM984631	Schinini; 16576; F 1881258; Paraguay; Dept. Pte Hayes;
Salicornia neei Lag.	p	KM984633	Ricardi; 9126; B; Chile; Prov. Arauco; Márgenes del río Raqui
Salicornia neei Lag.	p	MG579957	C.S.B. Costa; chen 3336; BTH1 f4 progeny; FURG BTH Lab germoplam; Brazil; RS; Rio Grande; Patos Lagoon estuary.
Salicornia neei Lag.	p	MG579960	C.S.B. Costa; chen 3341; BTH2 f4 progeny; FURG BTH Lab germoplam; Brazil; RS; Rio Grande; Patos Lagoon estuary.
Salicornia neei Lag.	p	MG579963	C.S.B. Costa; chen 3346; FURG BTH Lab germoplam; Brazil; RS; Ilha da Pólvora; Patos Lagoon estuary.
Salicornia pacifica Standl.	p	KM984647	D. Valov; chen 2278; voucher info pending.
Salicornia pacifica Standl.	p	KM984644	R. Halse; 2905; UC/JEPS, OSC 166680; USA; Washington, Mason Co.; Mike's Beach Resort, about 10 miles north of Lilliwaup (2.5 miles north of Eldon) along U.S. Hwy. 101
Salicornia perennis Mill.	p	KM984656	G. Kadereit & J.W. Kadereit; 2006/32; MJG (041172); Spain; Alicante; El Hondo, Laguna del Fondo.
Salicornia perennis Mill.	p	KM984658	Lykke; 801; AAU; Senegal; Sine Saloum; Ile de Sangomar, Delta de Saloum National Park.
Salicornia pillansii (Moss) Piirainen & G.Kadereit	p	KM984674	S. Steffen & V. Koecke; 200406/08; MJG; R.S.A; Western Cape; Cape Town, Milnerton, Rietvlei Nature Reserve, close to parking area
Salicornia pillansii (Moss) Piirainen & G.Kadereit	p	KM984675	S. Steffen & L. Mucina; 030506/01; MJG; R.S.A; Western Cape; Witsand, Breede River estuary, near jetty
Salicornia pillansii (Moss) Piirainen & G.Kadereit	p	KM984676	L. Mucina; 6926/1; MJG; R.S.A; Eastern Cape; Addo Soutkloof
Salicornia pillansii (Moss) Piirainen & G.Kadereit	p	KM984677	Walter& Mucina; 5119; MJG; R.S.A; Western Cape; Cape Town, Milnerton, Rietvlei N.R.
Salicornia pillansii x tegetaria	p	KM984681	S. Steffen & L. Mucina; 140406/09; MJG; R.S.A; Western Cape; West Coast National Park, E of Seeberg Bird Hide
Salicornia tegetaria x natalensis	p	KM984692	Walter& Mucina; 5107/8; MJG; R.S.A; Western Cape; Gansbaii, Franskraal
Salicornia bigelovii Torr.	a	KM984699	A. Juan; s.n.; MJG; Mexico; Baja California; s.n.
Salicornia borealis S.L.Wolff & Jefferies	a	EU000543	S. Wolff s.n. (TRT 243075, syntype); Canada, Manitoba, La Perouse Bay
Salicornia depressa Standley	a	EF433621	D. Stone; 2571; MJG; USA; California; Napa County, 7 min West of Vallejo
Salicornia europaea L.	a	EF433644	B. Böer s.n., 1996 (KAS); United Arab Emirates, Ras-al-Khaimah
Salicornia europaea L.	a	EF433643	P. Teege HK A_20 (MJG); chen HK A_20; Germany, North Sea Schleswig-Holstein, Büsum
Salicornia persica Akhani subsp. persica	a	EU000549	Moazzeni; 35040; MJG (040977); Iran; s.n.; Fars, Shiraz, Pol-e Fasa
Arthrocaulon macrostachyum (Moric.) Piirainen & G.Kadereit	p	KM984564	H. Freitag & N. Adigüzel; 28846; KAS, GAZI; Turkey; Seyhan Prov.; SE Adana
Microcnemum coralloides (Loscos & Pardo) Buen subsp. coralloides	a	EF433589	G. Kadereit; 2002/15; MJG; Spain; Aragón; Acaniz, Laguna de Guallar
Tecticornia australasica (Moq.) Paul G. Wilson	a	EF433590	S. Jacobs; 8685; NSW; Australia; Queensland; N of Townsville
Tecticornia indica (Willd.) K.A. Sheph. & Paul G. Wilson	p	EF433588	S. Jacobs; 9135; NSW; Australia; Queensland; Bowen

Molecular markers ^* * Lab codes and GenBank accession numbers of ITS, atpB-rbcl spacer and ETS sequences: Wild, chen 3346 (MG579961- MG579963); BTH1, chen 3336 (MG579955-MG579957); BTH2, chen 3341 (MG579958-MG579960).	Number of aligned nucleotide	Mutated nucleotide positions	Accession / Mutated nucleotide sequence
AtpB-rbcL spacer	709	none	none
Internal transcribed spacer (ITS)	647	none	none
External transcribed spacer (ETS)	503	199	Wild - GGTATCGTTGTTGTCCCTCTAA
		199	BTH1 - GGTATCGTTGGTGTCCCTCTAA
		199	BTH2 - GGTATCGTTGTTGTCCCTCTAA

		239	Wild - ACATTTGTAATAGGAGGTCG
		239	BTH1 - ACATTTGTAACAGGAGGTCG
		239	BTH2 - ACATTTGTAACAGGAGGTCG

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Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro Rua Pacheco Leão, 915 - Jardim Botânico, 22460-030 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, Tel.: (55 21)3204-2148, Fax: (55 21) 3204-2071 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: rodriguesia@jbrj.gov.br

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[TFN1] ^*
Lab codes and GenBank accession numbers of ITS, atpB-rbcl spacer and ETS sequences: Wild, chen 3346 (MG579961- MG579963); BTH1, chen 3336 (MG579955-MG579957); BTH2, chen 3341 (MG579958-MG579960).