Annonnaceae from Central-eastern Brazil

An annotated checklist of the Annonaceae from Central-Eastern Brazil, comprising the Distrito Federal and the States of Bahia, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Tocantins is presented. Nineteen genera and 153 species are listed for this region. An identification key for genera, information about most recent revisions, short descriptions, notes on geographical distribution, and comments are provided.

Local name: Condessa.Shrub, 3-4 m tall; leaves narrowly obovate to narrowly elliptic, 12-16 x 3.5-5 cm, primary vein impressed on the upper side; flowers yellow, petals to 6.5 mm long, pedicels slender, 15-50 mm long; fruit unknown.This species is very rare and known from just a few collections.

Bocagea viridis
This species is very rare and known from just three collections.The type locality, Ubá, is nowadays a district of the Municipality of Miguel Pereira.
Only once collected.
This species is typical by its many secondary veins and connate petals.
VII. Duguetia A.F.C.P. de Saint-Hilaire Leaves with impressed, rarely with flat to slightly raised primary vein on the upper side; indument of stellate or scale-like hairs; bracts 2 per flower; flowers solitary or in few-to several-flowered inflorescences, leaf-opposed, supra-axillary, subaxillary, or rarely terminal, sepals free to slightly connate, petals free, generally cream, sometimes yellow or red; fruit pseudosyncarpous, composed of 10-350 free to connate monocarps, the basal carpels sterile and mostly forming a distinct collar.

Duguetia chrysocarpa
Tree or shrub, 3-10 m tall; leaves narrowly elliptic, 12-25 x 4-8 cm, densely to sparsely covered with stellate hairs on the lower side, primary vein impressed on the upper side; flowers cream to yellow; fruit 30 x 35 mm, carpels ca.50.
Local name: Pindaíba-da-mata.This species has a fruit with a typical golden-brown indument; it has been confused with D. bahiensis, from which it differs in a leaf indument of stellate hairs instead of stellate scales.
Very close to D. furfuracea, and possibly conspecific; the leaf indument of the lower side (stellate scales) is less dense, though.
This flagelliflorous species has up to now only been collected in N and NW South America.Its first collection from Espírito Santo forms a remarkable extension of the distribution range of this species.This description is based on the specimen collected in Espírito Santo; in this shrub the flagella did not exceed 25  Tree, 2.5-15 m tall; leaves narrowly elliptic, 7-12 x 2-3.5 cm, rather densely to densely covered with stellate scales on the lower side, primary vein impressed on the upper side; flowers greenish yellow; fruit 55-80 mm in diam., carpels 60-100.
Flagelliflorous tree or shrub, to 8 m tall; leaves elliptic to ovate, 3.5-15 x 1.5-4.5 cm, sparsely covered with entire to stellate scales on the lower side, primary vein flat on the upper side; flowers red to pink with a scent of apples; fruit pinkish-white, 25-30 x 30-45 mm, carpels 10-20.
This species is typical by its flagelliform inflorescence, and a primary vein of the lamina which is flat (!) on the upper side.

Duguetia sooretamae
Tree or shrub, 1.5-5 m tall; leaves narrowly ovate, 7-12 x 1.5-4 cm, totally covered with stellate scales on the lower side, primary vein impressed on the upper side; flowers green to white; fruit greyish, 40 mm in diam., basal part of carpels orange, carpels >200.
Tree, 20-31 m tall; leaves elliptic to narrowly elliptic, subglabrous on the lower side, 8-12 x 3-4 cm, secondary veins strongly impressed on the upper side, tertiary veins strongly reticulate on the upper side, subglabrous on the lower side; flowers green; fruit not seen.
This species may be the same as Ephedranthus spec. 1.
Tree, 30 m tall; young twigs densely hairy; young leaves elliptic, 5-6 x 2-3 cm, rather densely hairy on the upper side, very densely hairy on the lower side; flowers green; fruit not seen.
This species is typical in having long, patent ferruginous hairs on the young twigs, pedicels, sepals, and petals.The leaf base is rounded or cordate.

Guatteria macropus
This species is characterized by young twigs which are densely covered with erect, ferruginous hairs, very long pedicels, and reflexed sepals.
This species is very typical by its linear leaves.Only twice collected.
Very typical by its young twigs, leaves, and flowers which are covered with a velutinous, brown indument, by its terminal flowers, and sessile monocarps.
A very typical species by its small, coriaceous, prominently veined leaves with often rounded to slightly emarginate apex.
This species looks similar to G. schomburgkiana, but it has a much denser indument on the young twigs, and, moreover, the stipes are much longer.
Only once collected.
The young twigs are densely covered with brownish appressed hairs.This may well be a synonym of G. australis or G. sellowiana.

Guatteria villosissima
This very common species belongs to sect.Trichoclonia, the leafy twigs and both sides of leaves are densely villose, the leaf margins are mostly distinctly reflexed.
Only once collected.

XI. Hornschuchia Nees von Esenbeck
Leaves with impressed to raised primary vein on the upper side, sometimes with asymmetrical base; imdument of simple hairs; bracts absent (sometimes bract-like leaves present on axes of inflorescences); flowers solitary or in many-flowered inflorescences, terminal or leaf-opposed; inflorescences often flagelliform and produced from the main trunk (cauliflorous), sepals connate into a cup-shaped to saucer-shaped calyx, petals free (except in H. lianarum), whitish; fruit apocarpous, monocarps 1-3, dehiscent or not, globose to fusiform, 1-8-seeded.
Typical by leaves with asymmetrical base and marginal vein far from the margin, and flagelliform inflorescence.
Typical by very large, subcoriaceous leaves.
Typical by large leaves and single flowers.Tree, up to 20 m tall; leaves narrowly elliptic, 8-13 x 2-3.5 cm, primary vein impressed on the upper side; flowers white; monocarps 4-9, ellipsoid, 12 x 15 mm.This species is distinct by its narrow, not shiny, elliptic leaves, with less reticulate venation compared with O. reticulata, and by short pedicels.
This species can be recognized by its narrowly obovate leaves (in mature trees, in saplings elliptic), which are shiny on the upper side.
The only specimen is different from C. reticulata by narrowly elliptic, shiny leaves with acute base, and by very long pedicels.It is possibly undescribed.
The only specimen studied resembles O. sessiliflora R.E.Fries, but in that species the primary vein is mostly slightly raised.
6-7.5cm, sparsely covered with erect hairs on the lower side; pedicels 35-40 mm long; monocarps not seen.This species is typical in being cauliflorous (producing flowers at the main trunk) and in having large leaves covered with erect hairs on the lower side.Probably the same as G. ferruginea, which is the oldest name!Amorim et al. 818 (CEPEC, U).