Solanum sisymbriifolium é um arbusto nativo da América do Sul, sendo considerado uma erva daninha para diversas culturas agrícolas. Apesar disto, esta espécie apresenta capacidade nematicida e propriedades medicinais comprovadas devido à produção de alcalóides, com relevante potencial de uso. O objetivo deste trabalho foi obter autoploides sintéticos através da micropropagação e poliploidização in vitro de S. sisymbriifolium, como base para programa de melhoramento, a fim de aprimorar manejo fitossanitário com menor impacto ambiental.

Palavras-chave:
colchicina; micropropagação; tetraplóide; cultura de tecidos.

Autoria

Jesica Iannicelli ^* * Corresponding author: jesi.iannicelli@gmail.com

Instituto de Genética Edwald A. Favret (CICVyA-CNIA-INTA). Nicolás Repetto y de los reseros w/n, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.Instituto de Genética Edwald A. Favret (CICVyA-CNIA-INTA)ArgentinaBuenos Aires, ArgentinaInstituto de Genética Edwald A. Favret (CICVyA-CNIA-INTA). Nicolás Repetto y de los reseros w/n, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Universidad Nacional de Hurlingham, Hurlingham, Argentina.Universidad Nacional de HurlinghamArgentinaHurlingham, ArgentinaUniversidad Nacional de Hurlingham, Hurlingham, Argentina.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0265-9100

Susana Costoya

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5506-7531

Verónica Bugallo

Instituto de Floricultura (CIRN-CNIA-INTA). Nicolás Repetto y de los reseros w/n, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.Instituto de Floricultura (CIRN-CNIA-INTA)ArgentinaBuenos Aires, ArgentinaInstituto de Floricultura (CIRN-CNIA-INTA). Nicolás Repetto y de los reseros w/n, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0079-5301

María Andrea Coviella

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1281-0660

Eduardo Ariel Mondino

Estación Experimental Agropecuaria, IPADS Balcarce INTA-CONICET, Balcarce, Argentina.Estación Experimental AgropecuariaArgentinaBalcarce, ArgentinaEstación Experimental Agropecuaria, IPADS Balcarce INTA-CONICET, Balcarce, Argentina.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0263-1151

Andrea Julieta Thougnon Islas

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2251-6839

Alejandro Salvio Escandón

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9918-3809

* Corresponding author:
jesi.iannicelli@gmail.com

Area Editor:

Dr. Georgia Pacheco

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Universidad Nacional de Hurlingham, Hurlingham, Argentina.Universidad Nacional de HurlinghamArgentinaHurlingham, ArgentinaUniversidad Nacional de Hurlingham, Hurlingham, Argentina.

Figuras | Tabelas

Figuras (6)
Tabelas (1)

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Figure 1
Progress of Solanum sisymbriifolium micropropagation - a) Nodal segment at the beginning of the culture. b) Aspect of one explant after 45 days of culture on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BAP. The black arrows indicate the pre-existing shoots developed, whereas the red arrows indicate the de novo ones. c) Rooting stage. The arrows indicate the developed roots. d) Plantlet starts the acclimatization step. e) End of the micropropagation process with the plants under normal greenhouse conditions. Bar: 1 cm

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Figure 2
Different profiles obtained via flow cytometry - a) Control + diploid plant. Control + b) Chimera 1. c) Chimera 2. d) Chimera 3. e) Chimera 4. f) Chimera 5. g) Tetraploid plant 9.1. h) Tetraploid plant 9.2. Control: in black line. Treated: in gray line. Abscissa axis: DNA content (arbitrary units). Ordinate axis: DAPI.

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Figure 3
Metaphase chromosomes of the diploid individual (panel “a”) and the tetraploid individual (panel “b”). In panel “a”, bar= 5 µm, in panel “b”, bar= 10 µm.

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Figure 4
Size differences between a fully extended young leaf of a diploid individual (“a”) and that of a tetraploid individual (“b”).

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Figure 5
Average flower size of the diploid individual (Panel “a”) and the tetraploid individual (Panel “b”).

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Figure 6
Diploid and tetraploid plants at different stages of development. Panel “a”: at an early stage. Panel “b”: the same individuals three months later.

Thumbnail

Table 1
Summary of the differences in the size of leaves and flowers, DNA amount and chromosome number, between the original diploid individual and the recovered tetraploid. Different letters indicate significant differences (Student’s test for different standard deviation, p>0.05).

Figure 1 Progress of Solanum sisymbriifolium micropropagation - a) Nodal segment at the beginning of the culture. b) Aspect of one explant after 45 days of culture on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BAP. The black arrows indicate the pre-existing shoots developed, whereas the red arrows indicate the de novo ones. c) Rooting stage. The arrows indicate the developed roots. d) Plantlet starts the acclimatization step. e) End of the micropropagation process with the plants under normal greenhouse conditions. Bar: 1 cm

Figure 2 Different profiles obtained via flow cytometry - a) Control + diploid plant. Control + b) Chimera 1. c) Chimera 2. d) Chimera 3. e) Chimera 4. f) Chimera 5. g) Tetraploid plant 9.1. h) Tetraploid plant 9.2. Control: in black line. Treated: in gray line. Abscissa axis: DNA content (arbitrary units). Ordinate axis: DAPI.

Figure 3 Metaphase chromosomes of the diploid individual (panel “a”) and the tetraploid individual (panel “b”). In panel “a”, bar= 5 µm, in panel “b”, bar= 10 µm.

Figure 4 Size differences between a fully extended young leaf of a diploid individual (“a”) and that of a tetraploid individual (“b”).

Figure 5 Average flower size of the diploid individual (Panel “a”) and the tetraploid individual (Panel “b”).

Figure 6 Diploid and tetraploid plants at different stages of development. Panel “a”: at an early stage. Panel “b”: the same individuals three months later.

Table 1 Summary of the differences in the size of leaves and flowers, DNA amount and chromosome number, between the original diploid individual and the recovered tetraploid. Different letters indicate significant differences (Student’s test for different standard deviation, p>0.05).

Leaves	diploid	tetraploid
Length	10.99 ± 0.31^a	13.30 ± 0.12^b
Width	6.89 ± 0.42 ^a	10.04 ± 0.48^b

Flowers
Diameter	2.90 ± 0.02 ^a	3.91 ± 0.21^b

Cytogenetic
DNA content	8	16

Chromosome number	24	48

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[1] * Corresponding author:
jesi.iannicelli@gmail.com