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Ipomoea lanifolia sp. nov. (Convolvulaceae), a new species endemic to the Ibiapaba plateau in northeastern Brazil

Abstract

A new species of Ipomoea, thus far endemic to Caatinga domain, is described. The species occurs in a “carrasco” physiognomy - a shrubby vegetation on sandy soils characterized by the presence of cacti and bromeliads. The new species can be recognized by a combination of morphological characters, including a leaf blade with a lanate abaxial surface with long hairs, and sepals lanceolate, acuminate, tomentose, and smooth. A complete description, diagnosis, an identification key for Ipomoea species from the Ibiapaba plateau, illustrations, conservation assessments, a distribution map, and taxonomic comments are provided.

Key words
Brazil; Convolvulaceae; Ipomoea; taxonomy; threatened species

Resumo

Uma nova espécie de Ipomoea até agora endêmica no domínio da caatinga, aqui descrita. A espécie ocorre na fisionomia do carrasco - uma vegetação arbustiva em solos arenosos caracterizada pela presença de cactos e bromélias. A nova espécie pode ser reconhecida por uma combinação de caracteres morfológicos, incluindo lâmina foliar com superfície abaxial lanosa com tricomas longos e sépalas lanceoladas, acuminadas, tomentosas e lisas. Nós fornecemos descrição completa, diagnose, uma chave de identificação para espécies de Ipomoea do Planalto da Ibiapaba, ilustrações, status de conservação, mapa de distribuição e comentários taxonômicos.

Palavras-chave
Brazil; Convolvulaceae; Ipomoea; taxonomia; espécie ameaçada

Introduction

Several new species of Convolvulaceae have been described recently for Brazil (Bandeira et al. 2017Bandeira ÁNT, Buril MT, Costa FCP & Melo JIM (2017) Evolvulus flavus sp. nov. (Convolvulaceae) from the Brazilian Caatinga. Nordic Journal Botany 35: 20-24. doi: 10.1111/njb.01268; Wood et al. 2017aWood JRI, Vasconcelos LV, Simão-Bianchini R & Scotland R (2017a) New species of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) from Bahia. Kew Bull 72. doi: 10.1007/S12225-017-9678-5., 2017bWood JRI, Buril MT & Scotland RW (2017b) Remarkable disjunctions in Ipomoea species (Convolvulaceae) from NE Brazil and Central America and their taxonomic implications. Kew Bulletin 72: 44. doi.org/10.1007/s12225-017-9710-9, 2017cWood JRI, Rodriguez PM, Degen R & Scotland RW (2017c) New species of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) from South America. Phytokeys 88: 1-38.; Wood & Scotland 2017dWood JRI & Scotland RW (2017d) Misapplied names, synonyms and new species of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) from South America. Kew Bulletin 72: 2-26. doi: 10.1007/S12225-017-9680-Y; Santos et al. 2019Santos FDS, Junior GCD, Baéz M, Pedrosa-Harand A, Queiroz JÁ, Quirino ZGM, Machado ICM & Buril MT (2019) Ipomoea vespertilia (Convolvulaceae), a new species revealed by pollinator observation. Brittonia 71: 190-195. <https://doi.org/10.1007/s12228-018-09565-6>, 2020Santos FDS, Saraiva RVC, Ferraz TM, Arruda ECP & Buril MT (2020c) A threatened new species of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado revealed by morpho-anatomical analysis. PhytoKeys 151: 93-106. doi: <10.3897/phytokeys.151.49833>.; Santos et al. 2020aSantos D, Alencar J, Loiola MIB & Buril MT (2020a) Ipomoea bonsai (Convolvulaceae), a magnificent new species from the Caatinga domain, Brazil. Systematic Botany 5: 652-657.,bSantos FDS, Arruda ECP & Buril MT (2020b) Hidden in the rocks: a new species of Evolvulus L. (Convolvulaceae) revealed by anatomy. Brittonia 72: 282-289.,cSantos FDS, Saraiva RVC, Ferraz TM, Arruda ECP & Buril MT (2020c) A threatened new species of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado revealed by morpho-anatomical analysis. PhytoKeys 151: 93-106. doi: <10.3897/phytokeys.151.49833>.), many of them endemic to the northeastern region of that country (Wood et al. 2017aWood JRI, Vasconcelos LV, Simão-Bianchini R & Scotland R (2017a) New species of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) from Bahia. Kew Bull 72. doi: 10.1007/S12225-017-9678-5.; Santos et al. 2019Santos FDS, Junior GCD, Baéz M, Pedrosa-Harand A, Queiroz JÁ, Quirino ZGM, Machado ICM & Buril MT (2019) Ipomoea vespertilia (Convolvulaceae), a new species revealed by pollinator observation. Brittonia 71: 190-195. <https://doi.org/10.1007/s12228-018-09565-6>, 2020; Santos et al. 2020aSantos D, Alencar J, Loiola MIB & Buril MT (2020a) Ipomoea bonsai (Convolvulaceae), a magnificent new species from the Caatinga domain, Brazil. Systematic Botany 5: 652-657.,b,c). That area is primarily covered by “Caatinga” vegetation - heterogenous seasonally dry forests that experience long dry periods and irregular rainfall (Araújo & Martins 1999Araújo FS & Martins FR (1999) Fisionomia e organização da vegetação do carrasco no planalto da Ibiapaba, estado do Ceará. Acta Botânica Brasílica 13: 1-13. ). That phytogeographic domain has been historically neglected by taxonomists, but efforts to broaden our knowledge of the Brazilian flora have revealed it as an important center of endemism and diversity (Santos 2011Santos JC (2011) Caatinga: the scientific negligence experienced by a dry tropical forest. Tropical Conservation Science 4: 276-286.).

Ipomoea is the most species-rich genus of Convolvulaceae (Staples & Brummit 2007Staples GW & Brummitt RK (2007) Convolvulaceae. In: Heywood VH, Brummitt RK, Culham A & Seberg O (eds.) Flowering plant families of the world. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Pp. 108-110.), and is characterized by the following set of morphological characters: style entire, stigma 2(3)-capitate, pollen grains echinate, and capsules valvate (Bianchini 1998Bianchini RS (1998) Ipomoea L. (Convolvulaceae) in Southeast Brazil. Teses. Instituto de Botânica, University of São Paulo, São Paulo. ). Approximately 150 species are now recognized in Brazil, of which 1/3 are endemic, and more than half are found in the northeastern region of the country (BFG 2018BFG - The Brazil Flora Group (2018) Brazilian Flora 2020: innovation and collaboration to meet Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC). Rodriguésia 69: 1513-1527.). Some species of Ipomoea are of economic importance [such as I. batatas (L.) Lam., the sweet potato (Joly & Leitão-Filho 1979Joly AB & Leitão-Filho H (1979) Botânica Econômica: as principais culturas brasileiras. HUCITEC/EDUSP, São Paulo. 114p.)], or of microbiological [such as I. cairica (L.) Sweet (Ferreira et al. 2006Ferreira AA, Oliveira PM, Evangelista EA, Alves RB, Pizziollo VR, Brasileiro BG, Rodrigues FMO, Silveira D & Raslan DS (2006) Atividade biológica das partes aéreas de Ipomoea cairica (Convolvulaceae). Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais 8: 14-18. doi: 10.1007/s12225-011-9279-7)], medicinal [such as I. asarifolia (Ders.) Roem. et Schul. (Pereira et al. 2005Pereira CO, Lima EO, Oliveira RAG, Toledo MS, Azevedo AKA, Guerra FM & Pereira RC (2005) Abordagem etnobotânica de plantas medicinais utilizadas em dermatologia na cidade de João Pessoa-Paraíba, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais 7: 9-17.)], or ornamental importance [such as I. indica (Burm.) Merr. (Souza & Lorenzi 2012Souza VC & Lorenzi H (2012) Botânica Sistemática. Guia ilustrado para identificação das famílias de Angiospermas da flora brasileira, baseado em APGIII. Instituto Plantarum, Nova Odessa. 768p.)]. Many species have ecological importance as food sources for pollinators, and some are dune fixers as creeping vines, such as I. imperati (Vahl) Griseb. and I. pes-caprae (L.) R. Br. (Souza & Lorenzi 2012Souza VC & Lorenzi H (2012) Botânica Sistemática. Guia ilustrado para identificação das famílias de Angiospermas da flora brasileira, baseado em APGIII. Instituto Plantarum, Nova Odessa. 768p.).

During a study of the Convolvulaceae of Ceará state, Brazil, field expeditions and analyses of herbarium collections revealed a morphotype of Ipomoea having unusual leaves with a lanate silvery indumentum as well as lanceolate to oblong sepals with acuminate apices. Species of that morphotype were encountered in the municipality of Tianguá, located in the Ibiapaba plateau in “carrasco” vegetation.

After morphological comparisons with other climbing species of Ipomoea from South America (Wood et al. 2020Wood JRI, Munoz-Rodríguez P, Williams BRM & Scotland RW (2020) A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World. Phytokeys 142: 1-823.), this morphotype was found to be most similar to I. brasiliana (Choisy) Meisn. based on leaf blade color, the persistence of its bracteoles, and the indumentum of the sepals. Careful analysis of the type specimen of I. brasiliana (<https://plants.jstor.org>), however, indicated that the new morphotype was distinguishable by having a lanate abaxial surface, and sepals with acuminate apices. We consulted a recently published monograph citing all Ipomoea species from the Americas (Wood et al. 2020Wood JRI, Munoz-Rodríguez P, Williams BRM & Scotland RW (2020) A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World. Phytokeys 142: 1-823.) and observed that the combination of those morphological traits did not match any other known species.

Materials and Methods

Specimens were collected and herborized according to the usual taxonomic techniques (Mori et al. 1989Mori AS, Silva LAM, Lisboa G & Coradin L (1989) Manual de manejo do herbário fanerogâmico. 2a ed. Centro de Pesquisa do Cacau, Ilheus.), and deposited in the EAC, HUEFS, HUVA, K and RB herbaria (acronyms according to Thiers, continuously updated). Morphological observations of the new species were made in the field and with dried specimens. The morphological terminology proposed by Harris & Harris (2001)Harris JG & Harris MW (2001) Plant identification terminology, an illustrated glossary. 5th ed. Spring Lake Pub., Spring Lake. 197p. was adopted. Illustrations were prepared from the type specimen, detailing its diagnostic characters; the distribution map was prepared using DIVA-GIS software; the conservation status of the taxon was based on GeoCAT (Bachman et al. 2011Bachman S, Moat J, Hill AW, Torre J & Scott (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCat: geospatial conservation assessmts tool GeoAssessmts. In: Smith V & Penev L (eds.) Infrastructures for data publishing in biodiversity science. ZooKeys 150: 117-126. ) following IUCN (2012)IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List categories and criteria. Version 3.1. 2nd ed. IUCN, Gland, Cambridge. 32p.. An identification key of Ipomoea species from the Ibiapaba plateu is provided here.

Results

Identification key of Ipomoea species from the Ibiapaba plateau

  • 1. Stem and leaf blade glabrous.

  • 1’. Stem and leaf blade pubescent, sericeous, or lanate.

    • 2. Sepals concave...................Ipomoea batatoides

    • 2’. Sepals flat.

      • 3. Leaf blade sericeous; sepals gibbous...................Ipomoea megapotamica

      • 3’. Leaf blade pubescent or lanate; sepals smooth.

        • 4. Leaf blade composite trifoliolate; sepals rostrate...................Ipomoea rosea

        • 4’. Leaf blade simple hastate to cordate; sepals smooth.

          • 5. Leaf blade lanate; outer sepals lanceolate with apex acuminate.........................................................Ipomoea lanifolia

          • 5’. Leaf blade pubescent; outer sepals ovate to obovate, apex obtuse to rounded.

            • 6. Sepals glabrous...................Ipomoea brasiliana var. brasiliana

            • 6’. Sepals tomentose.

              • 7. Sepals tomentose; corolla pink...................Ipomoea brasiliana var. subincana

              • 7’. Sepals sericeous; corolla whitish...................Ipomoea marcellia

Taxonomic treatment

Ipomoea lanifolia D. Santos & Buril sp. nov. Type: BRAZIL. CEARÁ: Tianguá, Queimadas, Serra da Ibiapaba, 03°52’45”S, 41°09’13”W, 21.V.2017, fl., E.B. Souza et al. 4626 (holotype EAC!; isotypes HUEFS!, HUVA!, K!, RB!). Figs. 1-2

Figure 1
a-k. Ipomoea lanifolia sp. nov. – a. twining habit; b. lower leaf surface; c. simple long hairs; d. adaxial leaf surface; e. bracteoles lanceolate to linear; f. floral bud; g. lanceolate sepals with apex acuminate; h. anther; i. ovary; j. transversal section of the ovary, showing two locules; k. gynoecium. Drawn from the holotype.
Figure 2
a-d. Ipomoea lanifolia sp. nov. – a. twining habit; b. ovate leaves and flowers in side view, showing the lanceolate outer sepals, and lanceolate to oblong inner sepals; c. leaf abaxial surface; d. leaf adaxial surface. Type specimen photos a-d. E.B. Souza et al. 4626.

Ipomoea lanifolia D. Santos & Buril is similar to I. brasiliana (Choisy) Meisn. by sharing strongly discolor leaf blades, and tomentose bracteoles and sepals; it differs from the latter by having a leaf blade with a densely lanate abaxial surface with long hairs, and lanceolate outer sepals with acuminate apices (vs. leaf blade with a pubescent abaxial surface, and ovate sepals with obtuse apices).

Climbing; stems and branches lanate, silvery, smooth; latex absent. Leaf blade 3.5–8 × 2–4.5 cm, ovate, base cordate, occasionally truncate, apex obtuse to acute, apiculate, margins entire, flat, strongly discolor, sparsely lanate, chartaceous, with 8–10 pairs of flattened secondary veins, adaxial surface greenish, densely lanate and silvery, abaxial surface with long hairs; petiole 1–6.5 cm long, lanate, canaliculate, with a nectary in the distal portion. Dichasium with 2–3 flowers; peduncle 2–10.5 cm long, lanate, silvery; pedicel 0.3–1.2 cm long, lanate; bracteoles 1.1–2 cm long, lanceolate to linear, base cuneate, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface lanate, adaxial surface lanate to glabrescent, often deciduous. Sepals unequal, the outer ones 1–2 × 0.4–0.5 cm, lanceolate, base truncate, apex acuminate, tomentose, flat, smooth, margins entire, not hyaline; inner sepals 1.5–1.6 × 0.4–0.5 cm, oblong to lanceolate, base truncate, apex long acuminate, tomentose, flat, margins entire, hyaline at base. Corolla 6.5–8 cm long, funnelform, midpetaline bands lanate to glabrescent outside. Filaments 2.2–2.3 cm long, glabrous; anthers 5–6 mm long, oblong, base sagittate, yellowish. Ovary ca. 2 mm long, ovoid, glabrous, bilocular, each locule biovulate; nectariferous disk sinuous, yellowish; style 3.5–4.2 cm long, glabrous, stigmatic lobes 2, globose and papillose. Fruits and seeds unknown.

Material examined: Novo Oriente, Planalto da Ibiapaba, 3.V.1991, fl., F.S. Araujo 424 (EAC, HST).

Distribution, ecology, and conservation status: Ipomoea lanifolia is known from only two localities in the Ibiapaba-Araripe Complex in Ceará state, Brazil (Fig. 3). That area is known as Jaburuna, and comprises the leeward side of the sedimentary Ibiapaba plateau. Elevations there range from 700 to 900 m a.s.l., with mean annual temperatures varying from 22 to 24° C. Mean rainfall varies between 700 and 1,300 mm/year. The predominant vegetation there is “carrasco” - a phytoecological type established mostly on sandy quartzite soils and characterized by very dense and deciduous shrubby xerophytic vegetation, intermingled with lianas and species of cacti and bromeliads, and having an irregular canopy with sparse emergent trees (Araújo et al. 1990Araújo FS, Sampaio ESB, Figueiredo MA, Rodal JNM & Fernandes AG (1990) Composição florística da vegetação de carrasco, Novo Oriente, CE. Brazilian Journal of Botany 21: 105-116.; Araújo & Martins 1999Araújo FS & Martins FR (1999) Fisionomia e organização da vegetação do carrasco no planalto da Ibiapaba, estado do Ceará. Acta Botânica Brasílica 13: 1-13. ).

Figure 3
Distribution of Ipomoea lanifolia sp. nov.

Ipomoea lanifolia is known from only two populations and, based on criteria B1a (extent of occurrence less than 5 thousand km² and locality numbers less than 10) of the IUCN (2012)IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List categories and criteria. Version 3.1. 2nd ed. IUCN, Gland, Cambridge. 32p., this species should be considered endangered (EN), even though it occurs in a priority area for biodiversity conservation in the Caatinga domain (MMA 2004MMA (2004) Vegetação: áreas e ações prioritárias para a conservação da Caatinga. In: Cardoso-silva JM, et al. (orgs.). Biodiversidade da Caatinga: áreas e ações prioritárias para a conservação. Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Brasília. Pp. 113-131.) in a protected site on the Ibiapaba plateau (MMA 2004MMA (2004) Vegetação: áreas e ações prioritárias para a conservação da Caatinga. In: Cardoso-silva JM, et al. (orgs.). Biodiversidade da Caatinga: áreas e ações prioritárias para a conservação. Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Brasília. Pp. 113-131.).

The material with flowers was collected in May.

The name of this species refers to the remarkable dense woolly indumentum covering the entire plant.

Discussion

Ipomoea lanifolia has been misidentified in herbarium collections from Ceará state as I. brasiliana var. subincana (Choisy) J.R.I. Wood & Scotland. That misidentification may have occurred because both species share strongly discolor leaf blades and tomentose bracteoles and sepals. By careful analysis of the type specimen of I. brasiliana var. subincana (<https://plants.jstor.org>) we concluded that I. lanifolia can be morphologically distinguished from that species by having a leaf blade with a densely lanate abaxial surface, and lanceolate outer sepals with acuminate apices, (vs. leaf blade with pubescent abaxial surface, and sepals ovate, obtuse). Among the Brazilian Ipomoea species with twining habits, ovate leaf blades, and lanceolate outer sepals, Ipomoea lanifolia is the only one that shows a combination of the following characters: leaf blade with a densely lanate abaxial surface with long hairs, and sepals tomentose, acuminate and smooth. Leaf morphology, the type of indumentum, and sepal shapes have great importance in recognizing species of Ipomoea (Bianchini 1998Bianchini RS (1998) Ipomoea L. (Convolvulaceae) in Southeast Brazil. Teses. Instituto de Botânica, University of São Paulo, São Paulo. ; Wood et al. 2015Wood JRI, Carine MA, Harris D, Wilkin P, Williams B & Scotland RW (2015) Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in Bolívia. Kew Bulletin 70: 1-124. doi: 10.1007/s12225-015-9592-7, 2020).

Other species growing in northeastern Brazil that also show lanceolate outer sepals, similar to those found on I. lanifolia, include: I. indica (Burm.) Merr., which differs by having sericeous leaf blades and sepals; Ipomoea longeramosa Choisy, which differs by having 5-lobed leaf blades and a yellow corolla; Ipomoea melancholica J. R.I. Wood & Buril, which differs by having leaf blades with glabrous abaxial surfaces, pubescent adaxial surfaces, and pubescent to ciliate sepals; Ipomea meyeri G. Don, which differs by having leaf blades 3-lobed to cordate and sericeous, and hirsute sepals; Ipomoea hewittacea (Kuntze) J.R.I. Wood & R.W.Scotland, which differs by its sericeous leaf blade, and setose sepals; and Ipomoea procumbens Mart. ex Choisy that differs by having leaf blades linear to elliptic and glabrous, and glabrous sepals (Tab. 1). This discovery emphasizes the importance of investigating small herbarium collections as well as carrying out floristic inventories in areas historically neglected by taxonomists, such as the Caatinga vegetation in Ceará state.

Table 1
Morphological distinctions between Ipomoea species having lanceolate outer sepals in northeastern Brazil.

Acknowledgements

We thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPQ), for the financial support of our field expeditions, under the project: “Sistemática de Convolvulaceae da América do Sul: construir em direção ao conhecimento global” (Process: PVE 314725/2014-8); CAPES, for the scholarship awarded to the first author; and Regina Carvalho, for the illustrations and to Elnatan Bezerra de Souza thanks the Cearense Foundation for Support for Scientific and Technological Development for the BPI/FUNCAP productivity grant (Process: BP4 - 0172-00170.01.00/20).

References

  • Araújo FS & Martins FR (1999) Fisionomia e organização da vegetação do carrasco no planalto da Ibiapaba, estado do Ceará. Acta Botânica Brasílica 13: 1-13.
  • Araújo FS, Sampaio ESB, Figueiredo MA, Rodal JNM & Fernandes AG (1990) Composição florística da vegetação de carrasco, Novo Oriente, CE. Brazilian Journal of Botany 21: 105-116.
  • Bachman S, Moat J, Hill AW, Torre J & Scott (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCat: geospatial conservation assessmts tool GeoAssessmts. In: Smith V & Penev L (eds.) Infrastructures for data publishing in biodiversity science. ZooKeys 150: 117-126.
  • Bandeira ÁNT, Buril MT, Costa FCP & Melo JIM (2017) Evolvulus flavus sp. nov. (Convolvulaceae) from the Brazilian Caatinga. Nordic Journal Botany 35: 20-24. doi: 10.1111/njb.01268
  • BFG - The Brazil Flora Group (2018) Brazilian Flora 2020: innovation and collaboration to meet Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC). Rodriguésia 69: 1513-1527.
  • Bianchini RS (1998) Ipomoea L. (Convolvulaceae) in Southeast Brazil. Teses. Instituto de Botânica, University of São Paulo, São Paulo.
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  • Harris JG & Harris MW (2001) Plant identification terminology, an illustrated glossary. 5th ed. Spring Lake Pub., Spring Lake. 197p.
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  • Mori AS, Silva LAM, Lisboa G & Coradin L (1989) Manual de manejo do herbário fanerogâmico. 2a ed. Centro de Pesquisa do Cacau, Ilheus.
  • Pereira CO, Lima EO, Oliveira RAG, Toledo MS, Azevedo AKA, Guerra FM & Pereira RC (2005) Abordagem etnobotânica de plantas medicinais utilizadas em dermatologia na cidade de João Pessoa-Paraíba, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais 7: 9-17.
  • Santos JC (2011) Caatinga: the scientific negligence experienced by a dry tropical forest. Tropical Conservation Science 4: 276-286.
  • Santos FDS, Junior GCD, Baéz M, Pedrosa-Harand A, Queiroz JÁ, Quirino ZGM, Machado ICM & Buril MT (2019) Ipomoea vespertilia (Convolvulaceae), a new species revealed by pollinator observation. Brittonia 71: 190-195. <https://doi.org/10.1007/s12228-018-09565-6>
  • Santos D, Alencar J, Loiola MIB & Buril MT (2020a) Ipomoea bonsai (Convolvulaceae), a magnificent new species from the Caatinga domain, Brazil. Systematic Botany 5: 652-657.
  • Santos FDS, Arruda ECP & Buril MT (2020b) Hidden in the rocks: a new species of Evolvulus L. (Convolvulaceae) revealed by anatomy. Brittonia 72: 282-289.
  • Santos FDS, Saraiva RVC, Ferraz TM, Arruda ECP & Buril MT (2020c) A threatened new species of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado revealed by morpho-anatomical analysis. PhytoKeys 151: 93-106. doi: <10.3897/phytokeys.151.49833>.
  • Souza VC & Lorenzi H (2012) Botânica Sistemática. Guia ilustrado para identificação das famílias de Angiospermas da flora brasileira, baseado em APGIII. Instituto Plantarum, Nova Odessa. 768p.
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  • Wood JRI, Vasconcelos LV, Simão-Bianchini R & Scotland R (2017a) New species of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) from Bahia. Kew Bull 72. doi: 10.1007/S12225-017-9678-5.
  • Wood JRI, Buril MT & Scotland RW (2017b) Remarkable disjunctions in Ipomoea species (Convolvulaceae) from NE Brazil and Central America and their taxonomic implications. Kew Bulletin 72: 44. doi.org/10.1007/s12225-017-9710-9
  • Wood JRI, Rodriguez PM, Degen R & Scotland RW (2017c) New species of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) from South America. Phytokeys 88: 1-38.
  • Wood JRI & Scotland RW (2017d) Misapplied names, synonyms and new species of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) from South America. Kew Bulletin 72: 2-26. doi: 10.1007/S12225-017-9680-Y
  • Wood JRI, Munoz-Rodríguez P, Williams BRM & Scotland RW (2020) A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World. Phytokeys 142: 1-823.

Edited by

Area Editor: Dra. Liz Bohórquez

Publication Dates

  • Publication in this collection
    20 Sept 2021
  • Date of issue
    2021

History

  • Received
    11 May 2020
  • Accepted
    23 June 2020
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