Terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana no tratamento de alveolite experimentalmente induzida em animais

GARCIA, Valdir Gouveia; LOPES JÚNIOR, Wilson; THEODORO, Letícia Helena

doi:10.1590/1807-2577.20260016

Table of contents previous current next

Table of contents

Original Article • Rev. Odontol. UNESP 55 • 2026 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.20260016 linkcopiar

Terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana no tratamento de alveolite experimentalmente induzida em animais

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Introduction Alveolar repair in infected areas still lacks further studies, especially regarding adjuvant or alternative therapies.

Objective This study aimed to histologically analyze the repair process in infected wounds after tooth extraction treated with photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy alone or in combination with a photosensitizer (PS) in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT).

Material and method Forty-eight rats underwent extraction of the right upper incisor and subsequently received experimental alveolitis induction. They were then randomly divided into 4 groups (n=12) that received the following treatments: Control group (C), no intra- or extra-alveolar treatment; PS group, alveolar irrigation with methylene blue photosensitizer (MB, 100 µg/mL); PBM group, the alveoli were subjected to PBM therapy mediated with a low-power laser (685nm, 0.05W, 240s, 12J); aPDT Group: The treatment was similar to that of the PS group, with a pre-irradiation time of 60 seconds, followed immediately by laser irradiation, under conditions similar to those of the PBM group. The animals were euthanized post-operatively on days 7, 15, 21, and 28.

Result The wounds in group C showed a delay in the chronology of alveolar repair, PS group showed an improved initial inflammatory response compared to the control group. The animals treated with PBM and aPDT showed faster bone repair than those in group C.

Conclusion It is concluded that there was a delay in the alveolar repair process; that the isolated use of the PS minimized the alveolitis deleterious effects on bone repair; those photonic therapies benefited alveolar repair, especially when aPDT was used.

Descriptors:
Dry socket; low-level light therapy; photochemotherapy; bone regeneration; rats

Group	Location	7 days	15 days	21 days	28 days
C	Cervical	Unorganized blood clot, presence of macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils. Slight fibroblast and capillary proliferation.	Unorganized blood clot, high neutrophils in some cases. Most lack connective neoformation.	Filled with well-developed connective tissue, rich in collagen. Some small new bone spicules.	Occupied by thin bone trabeculae, wide inter-trabecular spaces. Well-developed undifferentiated connective tissue.
	Middle	Extensive areas of connective tissue, moderate fibroblasts, small new bone spicules. Moderate macrophages/lymphocytes.	New bone tissue characterized by thin trabeculae with intense osteoblastic activity.	Developed trabeculae near the wall; large amount of undifferentiated connective tissue in center.	Thicker bone trabeculae throughout the extension.
	Apical	Same as middle.	Same as middle.	Same as middle.	Same as middle.
PS	Cervical	Unorganized blood clot with numerous macrophages. Slight fibroblast/capillary proliferation near the wall.	Filled with new connective tissue and small bone trabeculae. Moderate lymphocytes and macrophages.	Partially occupied by thin bone trabeculae. Undifferentiated connective tissue in the center.	Thick bone trabeculae near lingual wall. Thinner trabeculae and undifferentiated tissue in remote areas.
	Middle	New connective tissue, numerous fibroblasts/capillaries. Alveolar wall shows moderate resorption.	Trabeculae more developed than cervical. Connective tissue is vascularized and rich in fibroblasts.	Occupied by generally thick bone trabeculae. Alveolar crest is remodeled.	Bone tissue is more developed, showing thick and organized trabeculae.
	Apical	Same as middle.	Same as middle.	Same as middle.	Same as middle.
PBM	Cervical	Unorganized blood clot with numerous neutrophils. Slight new connective tissue near the wall.	Partially occupied by thin, unorganized bone trabeculae and connective tissue rich in fibroblasts.	Generally thin bone trabeculae regularly filling the area.	Thin bone trabeculae, thicker only in small areas near the wall.
	Middle	New connective tissue, rich in fibroblasts. Some small new bone spicules with osteoblasts at edges.	More intense ossification. Thin trabeculae surrounded by numerous osteoblasts.	Trabeculae show same characteristics as cervical, thicker near the alveolar wall.	More developed bone tissue; thick trabeculae in almost entire extension.
	Apical	Same as middle.	Same as middle.	Same as middle.	Same as middle.
aPDT	Cervical	New connective tissue, rich in fibroblasts. Small new bone spicules near the wall.	Well-developed bone trabeculae, except for areas far from the wall.	Filled with thick, well-developed bone trabeculae. Remodeled crest.	Occupied by thick, well-developed bone trabeculae.
	Middle	Thin new bone trabeculae and large amount of undifferentiated connective tissue.	More developed trabeculae, except near the center. New bone formation at the crest.	Same as cervical.	Same as cervical.
	Apical	Same as middle.	Same as middle.	Same as cervical.	Same as cervical.

location_on

Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Rua Humaitá, 1680 - Caixa Postal 331, 14801-903 Araraquara,São Paulo,SP, Tel.: (55 16) 3301-6376, Fax: (55 16) 3301-6433 - Araraquara - SP - Brazil
E-mail: adriana.marcantonio@unesp.br

rss_feed Stay informed of issues for this journal through your RSS reader