Timed "Up &amp; Go" test in children
					and adolescents

The searches were performed in the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, SciELO and Cochrane Library, from April to July 2012. Studies published from 1990 to 2012 using the terms in Portuguese and English "Timed "Up & Go", "test", "balance", "child", and "adolescent" were selected. The results were divided into categories: general characteristics of the studies, population, test implementation METHODS, interpretation of results and associations with other measurements.

DATA SYNTHESIS

27 studies were analyzed in this review and most of them used the TUG test along with other outcome measures to assess functional mobility or balance. Three studies evaluated the TUG test in significant samples of children and adolescents with typical development, and the most studied specific diagnoses were cerebral palsy and traumatic brain injury. The absence of methodological standardization was noted, but one study proposed adaptations to the pediatric population. In children and adolescents with specific clinical diagnoses, the coefficient of within-session reliability was found to be high in most studies, as well as the intra and inter-examiner reliability, which characterizes the good reproducibility of the test.

CONCLUSIONS

The TUG test was shown to be a good tool to assess functional mobility in the pediatric population, presenting a good reproducibility and correlation with other assessment tools.

mobility limitation; postural balance; child; adolescent

Study	n	Age (years)	Diagnosis	TUG (seconds)	Withinsession ICC	Same-day retest ICC	Inter- and intraexaminer ICC
Williams et al 2005⁽¹⁷⁾	173	3–9	TD	5.9±1.3	0.80–0.89	0.89
	51	3–5	TD	6.7±1.2	0.80–0.89	0.88
	90	5–9	TD	5.1±0.8	0.80–0.89	0.76
	41	3–19	CP and SB	12.7±9.7	0.98	0.99
	25	3–17. 5	CP GMFCS I	8.3±1.8	0.98	0.88
	8	3–17.5	CP GMFCS II	10.9±1.8	0.98
	8	3–17.5	CP GMFCS III	28.1±13.5	0.98
	8	5–19	Myelomeningocele	8±1.5	0.98
Gan et al 2008⁽¹⁵⁾	26	5–12	CP	26±30.4
	8	5–12	CP GMFCS I	8.4±1.2	0.99	0.95
	8	5–12	CP GMFCS II	13.2±4.6
	10	5–12	CP GMFCS III	50.3±38.4
	5	4–9	CP GMFCS I, II and III	19.8±11.32
Salem & Godwin 2009⁽³⁸⁾	5	5–10	CP GMFCS I, II and III	25.4±13.37
Fritz et al 2011⁽³⁵⁾	19	5–25	Epilepsy	8.9±2.6
Katz-Leurer et al 2008⁽¹⁶⁾	24	7–14	TD	5.8±0.6	0.85
Katz-Leurer et al 2008⁽¹⁶⁾	24	7–14	TBI	8.9±1.3	0.86
Katz-Leurer et al 2008⁽²⁴⁾	24	7–14	TBI	9.0±1.7
Katz-Leurer et al 2009⁽³⁶⁾	10	7–13	TBI, CP	10.1±3.0
Katz-Leurer et al 2009⁽³⁶⁾	10	7–13	TBI, CP	8.1±1.6
	30	7–13	TD	5.8±0.6
Katz-Leurer et al 2009⁽²²⁾	15	7–13	CP GMFCS I e II	9.8±3.6
	15	7–13	TBI	9.4±3.0
Katz-Leurer et al 2010⁽²³⁾	15	7–13	TD	6.0±0.7
Katz-Leurer et al 2010⁽²³⁾	15	7–13	TBI	8.2±2.4
San Juan et al 2007⁽³⁹⁾	7	4–7	LLA	6.3±0.7
Gocha Marchese et al 2003⁽¹⁹⁾	8	4–15	TD	4.0±0.80
Gocha Marchese et al 2003⁽¹⁹⁾	8	4–15	ALL	5.44±1.26
Marchese et al 2006⁽²⁶⁾	68	10–26	LE sarcoma	6.4±1.8			0.93–0.99
del Valle et al 2010⁽³⁴⁾	11	12–16	AN	4.2±0.4		0.98
del Valle et al 2010⁽³⁴⁾	11	12–16	AN	3.9±0.3		0.98
Zaino et al 2004⁽²⁹⁾	27	8–14	TD	5.2±0.13*
	20	8–14	CP I. II and III				0.99
	9	8–14	CP I	6.2±0.37*			0.99
	11	8–14	CP II and III	8.24±0.38*
Held et al 2006⁽²¹⁾	50	4–11	TD	5.6±1.1			0.86-0.99
Held et al 2006⁽²¹⁾	23	6–21	DD	8.9±2.7			0.86-0.99
Pierce et al 2011⁽²⁷⁾	12	9–13	TD	3.21±0.37
Pierce et al 2011⁽²⁷⁾	25	9–19	LE amputation	5.69±1.88
McNee et al 2009⁽³⁷⁾	13	6–16	CP I, II and III	5.6±0.7
Calley et al 2012⁽¹⁸⁾	19	5–12	CP I and II	4.55±0.804
Cheng et al 2012⁽³²⁾	16	6–12	CP	13.31±2.44
Habib et al 1999⁽²⁰⁾	60 60 60	5–7 8–10 11–13	TD TD TD	5.5±0.69 4.9±0.58 4.8±0.55			0.81
Santana Sosa et al 2012⁽⁴¹⁾	11 11	5–15 5–15	CF CF	3.8±0.1 3.6±0.2

Clinical diagnosis	Assessment tools	Correlation coefficient (r)
	Total GMFM score	-0.524⁽¹⁷⁾; -0.89⁽¹⁵⁾
	GMFM dimension E	-0.89⁽¹⁵⁾; -0.71⁽³³⁾
	GMFM dimension D	-0.79⁽¹⁵⁾
Cerebral palsy	Walking speed	-0.93⁽¹⁵⁾
Cerebral palsy	Berg balance scale	-0.88⁽¹⁵⁾
	Functional reach	-0.77⁽¹⁵⁾
	10-second sit-to-stand test	-0.80⁽¹⁵⁾
	Relaxation index	-0.565⁽³²⁾
	Paediatric Activity Card Sort	-0.273 to -0.445^(18)*
	Timed Up and Down Stairs	0.681⁽²⁹⁾
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia	Knee extension MS	0.794⁽¹⁹⁾
Typical development	Standardized Walking Obstacle Course	0.82 to 0.90⁽²¹⁾
Disabled children and adolescents	Standardized Walking Obstacle Course	0.79 to 0.88⁽²¹⁾
	The Short Form 36	-0.35⁽²⁶⁾ to -0.74⁽²⁵⁾
LE sarcoma	Mental Component Summary Scale	-0.53⁽²⁵⁾
	LE passive ROM	-0.33 to -0.40⁽²⁶⁾
	Step length variability	0.53⁽²⁴⁾; 0.88⁽²²⁾
Traumatic brain injury	Step time variability	0.67⁽²²⁾
	Physical activity time	-0.45⁽²³⁾

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