Antimicrobial-resistant enterobacteria in surface waters with fecal contamination from urban and rural communities

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Inadequate wastewater treatment and fecal contamination have a strong environmental impact on antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study evaluated the profile of AMR enterobacteria and fecal contamination from four surface waters: Jiquiriça-Brejões River and Cabrito, Tororó, and Abaeté Lagoons.

METHODS:

We analyzed AMR β-lactamase genes using the polymerase chain reaction method and fecal contamination using Coliscan^®.

RESULTS:

We found high levels of fecal contamination, β-lactamase producers, and AMR genes (bla_OXA-48, bla_SPM, and bla_VIM) in all waterbodies.

CONCLUSIONS:

Poor sanitation evidenced by fecal contamination and human activities around these surface waters contributed to the distribution and increase in AMR enterobacteria.

Keywords:
Fecal contamination; Surface water; Enterobacteria; Antimicrobial resistance; ESBL-producing; Carbapenemase-producing