Botoni et al. 2007 |
n=39 patients with ChC; 47.8±10.4 years; 71% male; NYHA I to III; FEVE 43.2±14.5%. Groups were stratified into control group (received enalapril and spironolactone, n=20) and intervention group (received carvedilol after enalapril and spironolactone, n=19). |
SF-36 |
Drug therapy (use of carvedilol after renin-angiotensin system inhibition) |
Optimization of RAS inhibition was associated with improvements in the SF-36 total score (p=0.0003), including in the physical functioning (p=0.046), role-physical functioning (p=0.002), bodily pain (p=0.021), general health perceptions (p<0.001), and mental health (p=0.033) domains. The subsequent use of carvedilol did not improve any SF-36 domain. |
Lima et al. 2010 |
n=40 patients with dilated ChC, stratified in an inactive control group (n=19, 36% female, NYHA I to II, LVEF 37.0±7.6%) and an exercise training group (n=21, 48% female, NYHA I to II, LVEF=35.7±8.1%). |
SF-36 |
Exercise training (12 weeks, 3 times per week, at moderate intensity) |
Exercise training improved the intergroup HRQoL in the vitality (p=0.013), role-emotional (p=0.012), and mental health (p=0.031) domains of the SF-36. |
Mediano et al. 2016 |
n=12 patients with ChC and heart failure (single group, 56.1±13.8 years, 75% female; NYHA I to III; LVEF=31.9±7.7%). |
MLwHFQ |
Exercise training (8 months, 3 times per week, 60 minutes per session, at moderate intensity) |
Patients with right ventricular dysfunction at baseline exhibited improvements in MLwHFQ total score (p=0.009). Improvements in MLwHFQ were not observed among those without right ventricular dysfunction. |
Mediano et al. 2017 |
n=12 patients with ChC and heart failure (single group, 56.1±13.8 years, 75% female; NYHA I to III; LVEF=31.9±7.7%). |
SF-36 |
Exercise training (8 months, 3 times per week, 60 minutes per session, at moderate intensity) |
Exercise training led to improvements in the physical functioning (p=0.003), role-physical functioning (p=0.03), and bodily pain (p=0.02) SF-36 domains, as well as in the physical component summary (p=0.001) domain. Patients with right ventricular dysfunction demonstrated significant improvements in the physical functioning (p=0.001), bodily pain (p=0.02), and vitality (p=0.03) SF-36 domains, and in the physical component summary (p=0.001). Patients with preserved right ventricular function showed significant improvements only in the physical component summary (p=0.002). |
Costa et al. 2018 |
n=75 patients with ChC (with and without systolic dysfunction), 48.4±8.0 years; 39% female, median LVEF=41.0% (Q1-Q3 35.0-53.5); NYHA I to III. |
SF-36 |
Observational (six years of follow-up) |
After the follow-up period, the general health (p=0.047) and social functioning (p=0.026) SF-36 domains, as well as the mental component summary (p=0.043), were significantly different between the groups with and without adverse cardiovascular events. In the final multivariate Cox regression model, LVEF (HR 0.94, 95% CI from 0.90 to 0.98, p=0.007) and the mental component summary of the SF-36 (HR 0.98, 95% CI from 0.94 to 1.00, p=0.047). remained as independent predictors of adverse cardiovascular outcome in patients with ChC. |
Chambela et al. 2020 |
n=81 patients with ChC and heart failure, 61±11 years, 52% female, NYHA I to III, LVEF=36.0±9.9%. Groups were stratified into standard care (n=41) and pharmaceutical care (n=40). |
SF-36 and MLwHFQ |
Drug therapy (one year of follow-up) |
When compared with the standard care group, patients under drug therapy, after one year, showed improvements in the physical functioning (p<0.001), role-physical functioning (p=0.01), general health perceptions (p<0.001), vitality (p=0.003), social functioning (p=0.002), and mental health (p=0.006) domains. Improvement in HRQoL, as assessed by the MLwHFQ, was also higher in those under drug therapy compared to those under standard care after one year (p<0.001). |