Antimicrobial resistance profiles and oxacillinase genes in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from hospitalized patients in Santa Catarina, Brazil

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION:

Carbapenems are the therapy of choice for treating severe infections caused by the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii complex. We aimed to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of producers of distinct oxacillinases among nosocomial isolates of the A. calcoaceticus-A. baumannii complex in a 249-bed general hospital located in Joinville, Southern Brazil.

METHODS:

Of the 139 A. baumannii clinical isolates with reduced susceptibility to carbapenems between 2010 and 2013, 118 isolates from varying anatomical sites and hospital sectors were selected for genotypic analysis. Five families of genes encoding oxacillinases, namely bla_OXA-23-like, bla_OXA-24-like, bla_OXA-51-like, bla_OXA-58-like, and bla_OXA-143-like, wereinvestigated by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

RESULTS:

Most (87.3%) isolates simultaneously carried the bla_OXA-23-likeand bla_OXA-51-likegenes, whereas three (2.5%) isolates harbored only bla_OXA-51-likeones. The circulation of carbapenem-resistant isolates increased during the study period: from none in 2010, to 22 in 2011, 64 in 2012, and 53 in 2013.

CONCLUSIONS:

Isolates carrying the bla_OXA-23-likeand bla_OXA-51-likegenes were widely distributed in the hospital investigated. Because of the worsening scenario, the implementation of preventive measures and effective barriers is needed.

Keywords:
Carbapenem resistance; Acinetobacter; Nosocomial infection; Oxacillinases