Checklist and phenetics studies of nymphs of two species of triatomines: <i>Triatoma lenti</i> Sherlock &amp; Serafim, 1967 and <i>Triatoma sherlocki</i> Papa, Jurberg, Carcavallo, Cerqueira, Barata, 2002 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae)

Rosseto, Leandro Augusto; Paiva, Vinícius Fernandes De; Belintani, Tiago; Oliveira, Jader de; Mendonça, Vagner José; Rosa, João Aristeu Da

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0394-2021

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Major Article • Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. 54 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0394-2021 copy

Checklist and phenetics studies of nymphs of two species of triatomines: Triatoma lenti Sherlock & Serafim, 1967 and Triatoma sherlocki Papa, Jurberg, Carcavallo, Cerqueira, Barata, 2002 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Triatoma lenti and Triatoma sherlocki are endemic species of the State of Bahia, located in northeastern Brazil, where they have records of domiciliation in the human environment. In view of the epidemiological aspect and taxonomic importance of these species for the systematics of the Triatoma genus, a study was carried out with nymphs of all five instars.

METHODS

An extensive review of studies on nymphs from the subfamily Triatominae is presented. Morphology was studied using a scanning electron microscope and morphometric analyses.

RESULTS:

The morphological study allowed us to characterize and discriminate species by means of scanning electron microscope of the last abdominal segment. In addition, the results show morphometric variability, with the total size of the head that best discriminates the species.

CONCLUSIONS:

Studies on nymphs are fundamental to the ecosystem; however, the literature on the immature forms of certain groups is scarce, difficult to use, or nonexistent. Therefore, this study includes morphological and morphometric data of the nymphal instars of T. lenti and T. sherlocki, corroborating the specific taxonomy of these species.

Keywords:
Chagas disease; Morphometric; Morphology of nymphal; Scanning electron microscope; Taxonomy; Triatoma immature instars

Species	Approach	References
Alberprosenia goyavargasi	Description of nymphs by SEM*	Carcavallo et al.²⁹29. Carcavallo RU, Justo NS, Martinez AM. Descripcíon de las ninfas de II, II y IV estadio de Alberprosenia goyovargasi Martinez & Carcavallo, 1977 (Hemiptera, Reduviidade, Triatominae). Observaciones com microscopia electronica de barrido. Bol Dir. Malariol San Amb. 1978;18(2):132-131.
Alberprosenia malheiroi	Description of nymphs of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (MO*, SEM)	Carcavallo et al.³⁰30. Carcavallo RU, Barata JMS, Costa AP, Serra OP. Alberprosenia Malheiroi Serra, Atzingenr & Serra, 1987 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Redescrição e Binomia. Rev Saude Publica. 1995;29(6):488-495.
Belminus herreri	Description and geometric morphometry of nymphs	Rocha et al.³¹31. Rocha DS, Patterson JM, Sandoval CM, Juberg J, Angulo VM, Esteban L, Galvão C. Description and Ontogenetic Morphometrics of Nymphs of Belminus herreri Lent & Wygodzinsky (Hemiptera: Reduviidae, Triatominae). Neotrop Entomol. 2005; 34(3): 491-497. Available from https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2005000300019. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X200500...
Cavernicola pilosa	Description of nymphs of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (MO)	Valderrama & Lizano³²32. Valderrama A, Lizano E. Fases ninfales de Cavernicola pilosa Barber, 1937 halladas em las cercanas de Caracas Venezuela (Hemiptera, reduviidae, triatominae). Rev Bras Biol. 1976;937-960.
Cavernicola lenti	Description of nymphs (MO), every aspect shown by SEM	Costa et al.³³33. Costa J, Jurberg J, Barth OM. Estudos morfológicos de Cavernicola lenti Barrett & Arias, 1985 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz , 1991; 86:247-263.
Dipetalogaster maxima	Description of nymphs of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (MO)	Jurberg et al.³⁴34. Jurberg J, Fagundes LM, Barth OM. Estudo morfológico de ovos e ninfas de Dipetalogaster maxima (Uhler, 1894) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Rev Bras Biol . 1993;53:269-283.
Eratyrus mucronatus	Morphological (MO and SEM) and key	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Linshcosteus confumus	SEMs and description of eggs	Haridass³⁶36. Haridass ET. Ultrastructure of the eggs of Reduviidae: III. Eggs of Triatominae and Echtrichodiinae (Insecta- Heteroptera). Proc Indian Natl Sci Acad B Biol Sci. (Anim. Sci.).1996; 95:447-456.
Linshcosteus costalis	SEMs and description of eggs	Haridass³⁶36. Haridass ET. Ultrastructure of the eggs of Reduviidae: III. Eggs of Triatominae and Echtrichodiinae (Insecta- Heteroptera). Proc Indian Natl Sci Acad B Biol Sci. (Anim. Sci.).1996; 95:447-456.
Linshcosteus karupus	Description of nymphs of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars by SEM	Galvão et al.³⁷37. Galvão C, McAloon FM, Rocha DS, Schaefer CW, Patterson J, Jurberg J. Description of eggs and nymphs of Linshcosteus karupus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Ann Entomol Soc Am. 2005;98(6),861-872.
Triatoma longipennis	Morphological (MO and SEM) and key	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Triatoma pallidipennis	Ontogenetic morphometrics (MO)	Rodríguez-Sánchez et al.³⁸38. Rodríguez-Sánchez M, Alejandre-Aguilar R, Nogueda-Torres B. Development of Genital Plates in Nymphs of Triatoma pallidipennis, Stål 1872, (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) and its Application as Sexing Method. Mem do Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2003;98:777-782. Available from https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762003000600012. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-0276200300...
	Morphological (MO and SEM) and key	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Triatoma phyllosoma	Morphological (MO and SEM) and key	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Mepraia spinolai	Morphological (MO and SEM) and key	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Microtriatoma trinidadensis	Description of nymphs (MO)	Carcavallo et al.³⁹39. Carcavallo RU, Barreto P., Martínez A, Tonn RJ. El género Microtriatoma Prosen & Martinez, 1952 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Bol Dir Malariol San Amb.1976;16:231-240.
		Riva et al.⁴⁰40. Riva J, Matias A, Torrez M, Martinez E, Dujardin JP. Adults and nymphs of Microtriatoma trinidadensis (Lent, 1951) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) caught from peridomestic environment in Bolivia. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz . 2001;96:889-894.
Nesotriatoma flavida	Morphometrics	Jiménez and Fuentes,⁴¹41. Jiménez OH, Fuentes O. Triatoma flavida (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). I. Estudo biometrico de larvas. Rev Cubana Med Trop.1981; 33:195-200.
Panstrongylus geniculatus	Morphological and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Panstrongylus humeralis	Morphological and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Panstrongylus lignarius	Morphological and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Panstrongylus megistus	Morphology of spiracles 5^th instar nymphs	Rosa et al.²⁶26. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Barelli N. Spiracles of 5th instar nymphs in six species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) using scanning electron microscopy. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz , 1992;87:301-302.
	Sexual distinction between 5^th instar nymphs by SEM	Rosa et al.⁴²42. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Barelli N, Santos JLF, Belda-Neto FM. Sexual distinction between 5th instar nymphs of six species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz . 1992;87(2),8. Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02761992000200014. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0074-0276199200...
	Morphology of 5^th instar nymphs by SEM	Rosa et al.⁴³43. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Barelli S. Morphology of abdominal bristles determined by scanning electron microscopy in six species of Triatominae (HEMIPTERA: REDUVIIDAE). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz .1995; v90(4):487-488.
	Abdominal structures of 5^th instar nymphs	Rosa & Barata⁴⁴44. Rosa, JA, Barata, JMS. Aspectos morfológicos de abdômen de ninfas de quinto estádio de seis espécies de Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) por microscopia óptica. Rev Cien Farmac. 1997;18:249-270.
	Morphology of antennae of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (SEM)	Rosa et al.⁴⁵45. Rosa JA, Freitas SCM, Malara FF, Rocha CS. Morphometry and Morphology of the Antennae of Panstrongylus megistus Burmeister, Rhodnius neglectus Lent, Rhodnius prolixus Stal and Triatoma vitticeps Stal (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Neotrop Entomol . 2010;39(2):214-220. Available from https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X201000020001. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X201000...
Paratriatoma hirsuta hirsuta	Morphology of 5^th instar nymphs (MO)	Ryckman⁴⁶46. Ryckman R. The genus Paratriatoma in western North America (hemiptera: reduviidae). J Med Entomol. 1971; 8,87-97.
	Morphological study (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Paratriatoma hirsuta kamiensis	Morphology of 5^th instar nymphs (MO)	Ryckman⁴⁶46. Ryckman R. The genus Paratriatoma in western North America (hemiptera: reduviidae). J Med Entomol. 1971; 8,87-97.
Paratriatoma hirsuta papagoensis	Morphology of 5^th instar nymphs (MO)	Ryckman⁴⁶46. Ryckman R. The genus Paratriatoma in western North America (hemiptera: reduviidae). J Med Entomol. 1971; 8,87-97.
Paratriatoma hirsuta pimae	Morphology of 5^th instar nymphs (MO)	Ryckman⁴⁶46. Ryckman R. The genus Paratriatoma in western North America (hemiptera: reduviidae). J Med Entomol. 1971; 8,87-97.
Paratriatoma hirsuta yumanensis	Morphology of 5^th instar nymphs (MO)	Ryckman⁴⁶46. Ryckman R. The genus Paratriatoma in western North America (hemiptera: reduviidae). J Med Entomol. 1971; 8,87-97.
Paratriatoma lecticularia	Description of nymphs (MO) and visualization of structures using SEM.	Rocha et al.⁴⁷47. Rocha DS, Jurberg J, Galvão C. Descrição de ovos e ninfas de Triatoma lecticularia (Stäl, 1859) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Entomol Vect. 1996; 123-135.
	Morphological and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Psamolestes arthuri	Description of nymphs of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (MO)	Carcavallo et al.⁴⁸48. Carcavallo RU, Otero MA, Toon RJ, Ortega R. Notas sobre la biologia, ecologia y distribuicíon geográfica del Psammolestes arthuri (Pinto), 1926 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Descripción de los estádios preimagales. Bol Dir Malariol San Amb. 1975; 15(5):231-239.
Psamolestes coreodes	Morphological (MO and SEM) and key	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Rhodnius brethesi	Description of nymphs of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars	Mascarenhas⁵⁰50. Mascarenhas BM. Descrição dos estádios imaturos de Rhodnius brethesi Matta, 1919 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Bol Mus Par Emilio Goeldi, ser. Zool. 1987;3(5-6): 125-135.
Rhodnius dalessandroi	Morphological and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Rhodnius ecuadoriensis	Morphological and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Rhodnius neglectus	Morphology of spiracles 5^th instar nymphs	Rosa et al.²⁶26. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Barelli N. Spiracles of 5th instar nymphs in six species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) using scanning electron microscopy. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz , 1992;87:301-302.
	Sexual distinction between 5^th instar nymphs by SEM	Rosa et al.⁴²42. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Barelli N, Santos JLF, Belda-Neto FM. Sexual distinction between 5th instar nymphs of six species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz . 1992;87(2),8. Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02761992000200014. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0074-0276199200...
	Morphology of 5^th instar nymphs by SEM	Rosa et al.⁴³43. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Barelli S. Morphology of abdominal bristles determined by scanning electron microscopy in six species of Triatominae (HEMIPTERA: REDUVIIDAE). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz .1995; v90(4):487-488.
	Abdominal structures of 5^th instar nymphs	Rosa & Barata,⁴⁴44. Rosa, JA, Barata, JMS. Aspectos morfológicos de abdômen de ninfas de quinto estádio de seis espécies de Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) por microscopia óptica. Rev Cien Farmac. 1997;18:249-270.
	Morphometric of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (MO)	Ponsoni et al.⁴⁹49. Ponsoni EJ, Marconato E, Rosa JA. Estudo biológico e morfométrico dos estádios ninfais de Rhodnius neglectus Lent, 1954 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Rev Cienc Farm, Araraquara, 2004;25(2):125-128.
	Morphology of antennae of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (SEM)	Rosa et al.⁴⁵45. Rosa JA, Freitas SCM, Malara FF, Rocha CS. Morphometry and Morphology of the Antennae of Panstrongylus megistus Burmeister, Rhodnius neglectus Lent, Rhodnius prolixus Stal and Triatoma vitticeps Stal (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Neotrop Entomol . 2010;39(2):214-220. Available from https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X201000020001. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X201000...
Rhodnius neivai	Morphological and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Rhodnius pallescens	Morphological and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Rhodnius prolixus	Morphometric of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (MO)	Marconato et al.⁵¹51. Marconato E, Ponsoni EJ, Barata JMS, Rosa JA. Estudo biológico e biométrico dos estádios ninfais de Rhodnius prolixus Stål,1859 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) sob condições laboratoriais. Rev Ciênc Farm Basica Apl. 2006;27(2):157-161.
	Morphology of antennae of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (SEM)	Rosa et al.⁴⁵45. Rosa JA, Freitas SCM, Malara FF, Rocha CS. Morphometry and Morphology of the Antennae of Panstrongylus megistus Burmeister, Rhodnius neglectus Lent, Rhodnius prolixus Stal and Triatoma vitticeps Stal (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Neotrop Entomol . 2010;39(2):214-220. Available from https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X201000020001. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X201000...
		Rosa et al.²⁶26. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Barelli N. Spiracles of 5th instar nymphs in six species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) using scanning electron microscopy. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz , 1992;87:301-302.
	Morphology of spiracles 5^th instar nymphs	Rosa et al.⁴²42. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Barelli N, Santos JLF, Belda-Neto FM. Sexual distinction between 5th instar nymphs of six species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz . 1992;87(2),8. Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02761992000200014. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0074-0276199200...
	Sexual distinction between 5^th instar nymphs by SEM	Rosa et al.⁴³43. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Barelli S. Morphology of abdominal bristles determined by scanning electron microscopy in six species of Triatominae (HEMIPTERA: REDUVIIDAE). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz .1995; v90(4):487-488.
	Morphology of 5^th instar nymphs by SEM	Rosa & Barata,⁴⁴44. Rosa, JA, Barata, JMS. Aspectos morfológicos de abdômen de ninfas de quinto estádio de seis espécies de Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) por microscopia óptica. Rev Cien Farmac. 1997;18:249-270.
	Abdominal structures of 5^th instar nymphs	Ponsoni et al.⁴⁹49. Ponsoni EJ, Marconato E, Rosa JA. Estudo biológico e morfométrico dos estádios ninfais de Rhodnius neglectus Lent, 1954 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Rev Cienc Farm, Araraquara, 2004;25(2):125-128.
	Morphology and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Rhodnius pictipes	Description of nymphs by MO	Lent & Valderrama⁵²52. Lent H, Valderrama A. Observações em laboratório, sobre o ciclo evolutivo de R. prolixus Stal, 1859, R. pictipes Stal, 1872 e R. neivai Lent, 1953. Rev Bras Biol . 1977;37:325-344.
Triatoma arthurneivai	Nymphal instars by SEM	Rosa et al. ⁸⁷87. Rosa JA, Medeiros MP, Cilense M, Barata JMS. Morphological study of the thorax of the five nymphal instars of Triatoma arthurneivai Lent & Martins (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Rev Bra Entomol. 2005, 49(3), 289-293.
Triatoma baratai	Description of nymphs (MO) and visualization of structures using SEM	Rocha et al.⁵³53. Rocha DS, Jurberg J, Rosa JA, Schaefer CW, Galvão C. Description of eggs and nymphal instars of Triatoma baratai Carcavallo & Jurberg, 2000 based on optical and scanning electron microscopy (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Zootaxa. 2009; 2064:1-20.
Triatoma barberi	Description of nymphs of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (MO, SEM)	Carcavallo et al.³⁰30. Carcavallo RU, Barata JMS, Costa AP, Serra OP. Alberprosenia Malheiroi Serra, Atzingenr & Serra, 1987 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Redescrição e Binomia. Rev Saude Publica. 1995;29(6):488-495.
Triatoma brasiliensis	Description of nymphs (MO) and visualization of structures using SEM	Jurberg et al.⁵⁴54. Jurberg J, Gonçalves TCM, Costa JM, Souza W. Contribuição ao estudo morfológico de ovos e ninfas de Triatoma brasiliensis Neiva, 1911 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz . 1986;81:111-20.
Triatoma breyeri	Description and keys for all instars.	Rosa & Barata,⁴⁴44. Rosa, JA, Barata, JMS. Aspectos morfológicos de abdômen de ninfas de quinto estádio de seis espécies de Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) por microscopia óptica. Rev Cien Farmac. 1997;18:249-270.
	Morphological and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Triatoma carcavalloi	Description of nymphs of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (MO)	Jurberg et al.⁵⁵55. Jurberg J, Galvão C, Santos CM, Rangel MBA. Descrição de ovos e estádios ninfais de Triatoma carcavalloi (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) por meio de microscopia óptica. Iheringia, Sér. Zool. Porto Alegre. 2008;98(4):44-446. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0073-47212008000400004. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0073-4721200800...
Triatoma circummaculata	Morphology of the head of 1^st and 5^th instar nymphs and visualization of some structures by SEM	Rosa et al.⁵⁵55. Jurberg J, Galvão C, Santos CM, Rangel MBA. Descrição de ovos e estádios ninfais de Triatoma carcavalloi (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) por meio de microscopia óptica. Iheringia, Sér. Zool. Porto Alegre. 2008;98(4):44-446. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0073-47212008000400004. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0073-4721200800... ^,⁵⁶56. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Cilense M, Belda-Neto MF. Head morphology of 1st and 5th instar nymphs of Triatoma circummaculata and Triatoma rubrovaria (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Int J Insect Morphol Embryol. 1999;28:363-375.
Triatoma costalimai	Description and ontogenetic morphometrics of instars	Raigorodschi et al⁵⁸58. Raigorodschi RS, Rocha DS, Jurberg J, Galvão C. Description and ontogenetic morphometrics of eggs and instars of Triatoma costalimai Verano & Galvão, 1959 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Zootaxa. 2011;3062(1),13-24.
Triatoma deaneorum	Description of nymphs of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (MO)	Galvão &Fuentes ⁵⁹59. Galvão AB, Fuentes FB (1971) Descrição das ninfas de Triatoma williami (B. Galvão & Col., 1965) e T. deanei (B. Galvão & Col., 1967). Rev Goiana Med. 1971;17:141-145.
Triatoma delpontei	Morphological and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
	Description and keys for all instars	Brewer et al.⁶⁰60. Brewer M, Garay M, Gorla D, Murua F, Favot R. Caracterizacion de los estadios ninfales del genero Triatoma Laporte, 1833. II. Triatoma platensis Neiva, 1913, Triatoma delpontei Romaña y Abalos, 1947, Triatoma sordida (Stal) 1859 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Rev Soc Entomol Argent. 1983, 42: 219-241.^,⁶¹61. Brewer M, Gorla D, Garay M. Caracterizacion de los estadios ninfales del genero Triatoma Laporte, 1833.III. Analisis biometrico descriptivo de Triatoma infestans Klug, 1834; Triatoma platensis Neiva, 1913; Triatoma delpontei Romaña y Abalos,1947, Bibliografia 268 Voltar ao Sumário Triatoma sordida (Stal) 1859. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Rev Soc Entomol Argent .1983;42: 81-88.
Triatoma dimidiata	Morphological study of nymphs (MO and SEM)	Mello et al.⁶²62. Mello F, Jurberg J, Grazia J. Morphological study of the eggs and nymphs of Triatoma dimidiata (Latreille, 1811) observed by light and scanning electron microscopy (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz . 2009;104:1072-1082. Available from https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762009000800003. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-0276200900...
Triatoma dispar	Morphological and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Triatoma eratyrusiformis	Morphological and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Triatoma gerstaeckeri	Morphological study of nymphs (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Triatoma guasayana	Description of nymphs of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (MO)	Brewer & Garay⁶³63. Brewer M, Garay M. Identificatión de los estadios ninfales de las espécies del genero Triatoma Laporte, 1833 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). IV. Especies peridomiciliadas en la provincia de Cordoba Argentina. Rev Soc Entomol Argent . 1989;45:279-297.
Triatoma guazu	Description of nymphs of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (MO and SEM)	Silva et al.⁶⁴64. Silva MBA, Barbosa HS, Carcavallo RU, Galvão C, Jurberg J. Placas apicais do lábio das ninfas de 1 estádio de Triatoma guazu Lent & Wygodzinsky, 1979 e Triatoma jurbergi Carcavallo, Galvão & Lent, 1998 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), vetores da doença de Chagas. Entomol Vect. 1999,6:663-668.
	Comparative study of stridulatorium sulcus, bucculla and rostrum	Silva et al.⁶⁵65. Silva MBA, Barbos H.S, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Carcavallo RU. Comparative ultrastructural analysis of the antennae of Triatoma guazu and Triatoma jurbergi (hemiptera: Reduviidae) during the nymphal stage development. J. Med. Entomol. 2002; 39:705-715.^,⁸³83. Silva MBA, Barbos HS, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Carcavallo RU. Comparative ultrastructural analysis of the antennae of Triatoma guazu and Triatoma jurbergi (hemiptera: Reduviidae) during the nymphal stage development. J Med Entomol . 2002;39:705-715.
	Morphological and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Triatoma infestans	Sexual distinction between 5^th instar nymphs by SEM	Rosa et al.²⁶26. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Barelli N. Spiracles of 5th instar nymphs in six species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) using scanning electron microscopy. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz , 1992;87:301-302.
	Morphology of 5^th instar nymphs by SEM	Rosa et al.⁴²42. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Barelli N, Santos JLF, Belda-Neto FM. Sexual distinction between 5th instar nymphs of six species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz . 1992;87(2),8. Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02761992000200014. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0074-0276199200...
	Abdominal structures of 5^th stage nymphs	Rosa et al.⁴³43. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Barelli S. Morphology of abdominal bristles determined by scanning electron microscopy in six species of Triatominae (HEMIPTERA: REDUVIIDAE). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz .1995; v90(4):487-488.
	Description of nymphs of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (MO)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Triatoma jurbergi	Description of nymphs of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (MO, MEV)	Jurberg et al.⁶⁶66. Jurberg J, Silva MBA, Galvão C, Rocha DS, Barbosa H, Carcavallo RU. Descrição dos ovos e dos estádios ninfais de Triatoma jurbergi Carcavallo, Galvão & Lent, 1998 vistos através de microscopia óptica e eletrônica de varredura (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz . 2002;97:209-216. Available from https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762002000200013. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-0276200200...
	Comparative study of stridulatorium sulcus, bucculla and rostrum	Silva et al.⁶⁷67. Silva MBA, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS. Comparative study of the stridulatorium sulcus, buccula and rostrum of nymphs of Triatoma klugi Carcavallo et al., Triatoma vandae Carcavallo et al. and Triatoma williami Galvão et al. (Hemiptera:Reduviidae). Neotrop Entomol . 2010;39: 35-45.
Triatoma klugi	Description of nymphs (MO) and visualization of structures using SEM.	Jurberg et al.⁶⁶66. Jurberg J, Silva MBA, Galvão C, Rocha DS, Barbosa H, Carcavallo RU. Descrição dos ovos e dos estádios ninfais de Triatoma jurbergi Carcavallo, Galvão & Lent, 1998 vistos através de microscopia óptica e eletrônica de varredura (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz . 2002;97:209-216. Available from https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762002000200013. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-0276200200... ^,⁸⁵85. Jurberg J, Barbosa HS, Galvão C, Rocha DS, Silva M. Descrição de ovos e ninfas de Triatoma klugi (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Iheringia, Sér. Zoo. 2010; 100(1), 43-54. Available from https://doi.org/10.1590/S0073-47212010000100006 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0073-4721201000...
	Comparative study of the stridulatorium sulcus, buccula and rostrum of nymphs	Silva et al.⁶⁷67. Silva MBA, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS. Comparative study of the stridulatorium sulcus, buccula and rostrum of nymphs of Triatoma klugi Carcavallo et al., Triatoma vandae Carcavallo et al. and Triatoma williami Galvão et al. (Hemiptera:Reduviidae). Neotrop Entomol . 2010;39: 35-45.
Triatoma lenti	Morphological and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Triatoma maculata	Morphometric of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (MO)	Gonçalves et al.⁷¹71. Gonçalves TCM, Jurberg J, Costa JM, Souza W. Estudo morfológico comparativo de ovos e ninfas de Triatoma maculata (Erichson, 1848) e Triatoma pseudomaculata Corrêa & Espínola, 1964 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz . 1985;80(3),263-276. Available from https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761985000300002. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-0276198500...
	Morphological and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Triatoma matogrossensis	Abdominal structures of 5^th instar nymphs	Rosa et al.²⁶26. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Barelli N. Spiracles of 5th instar nymphs in six species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) using scanning electron microscopy. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz , 1992;87:301-302.
	Sexual distinction between 5^th instar nymphs	Rosa et al.⁴²42. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Barelli N, Santos JLF, Belda-Neto FM. Sexual distinction between 5th instar nymphs of six species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz . 1992;87(2),8. Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02761992000200014. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0074-0276199200...
	Morphology of 5^th instar nymphs by SEM	Rosa et al.⁴³43. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Barelli S. Morphology of abdominal bristles determined by scanning electron microscopy in six species of Triatominae (HEMIPTERA: REDUVIIDAE). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz .1995; v90(4):487-488.
Triatoma melanocephala	Morphometric characterization of the nymphal instars	Oliveira et al.⁶⁸68. Oliveira J, Mendonca VJ, Araújo RF, Nascimento EG, Rosa JA. Biological, morphological and morphometric studies of Triatoma melanocephala Neiva & Pinto, 1923 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Zootaxa. 2015;4012(3),514-524. Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4012.3.6. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4012.3.... Jurberg et al.⁸⁴84. Jurberg J, Lima MG, Rocha DS, Carcavallo RU, Galvão C. Descrição dos ovos e ninfas de Triatoma melanosoma Martínez, Olmedo & Carcavallo, 1987 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Entomol Vect.1998,5:67-84.
Triatoma melasoma	Morphological study of nymphs (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Triatoma nitida	Morphology of of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (SEM)	Jurberg et al.⁶⁹69. Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barth OM. Estudo morfológico de ovos e ninfas de Triatoma nítida Usinger, 1939 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Rev Bras Biol . 1991;5:365-372.
Triatoma pintodiasi	Description of nymphs of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (MO)	Motta & Moreira,⁷⁰70. Motta FS, Moreira FFF. Description of the nymphs of Triatoma pintodiasi Jurberg, Cunha & Rocha, 2013 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Zootaxa. 2015; 3947(1):139-145. Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3947.1.10. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3947.1....
Triatoma platensis	Description of nymphs (MO) and keys	Brewer et al.⁶⁰60. Brewer M, Garay M, Gorla D, Murua F, Favot R. Caracterizacion de los estadios ninfales del genero Triatoma Laporte, 1833. II. Triatoma platensis Neiva, 1913, Triatoma delpontei Romaña y Abalos, 1947, Triatoma sordida (Stal) 1859 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Rev Soc Entomol Argent. 1983, 42: 219-241.
		Brewer & Garay,⁶³63. Brewer M, Garay M. Identificatión de los estadios ninfales de las espécies del genero Triatoma Laporte, 1833 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). IV. Especies peridomiciliadas en la provincia de Cordoba Argentina. Rev Soc Entomol Argent . 1989;45:279-297.
Triatoma protacta	Morphology and key of 5^th instar nymphs of species and subspecies	Ryckman⁸²82. Ryckman R. Biosystematics and hosts of the Triatoma protracta complex in noth america (hemiptera: reduviidae) (rodentia: cricetidae). Univ California Publ Entomol. Berkelery and Los Angeles. 1962;27,93-240.
Triatoma pseudomaculata	Morphometric of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instar (MO)	Gonçalves et al.⁷¹71. Gonçalves TCM, Jurberg J, Costa JM, Souza W. Estudo morfológico comparativo de ovos e ninfas de Triatoma maculata (Erichson, 1848) e Triatoma pseudomaculata Corrêa & Espínola, 1964 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz . 1985;80(3),263-276. Available from https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761985000300002. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-0276198500...
	Morphology of nymphs (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Triatoma ryckmani	Description of all immature instars based on MO and SEM	Rocha et al.⁸⁸88. Rocha DDS, Dale C, Rosa JA, Galvão C. Description of nymphs and ontogenetic morphometry of Triatoma ryckmani Zeledón & Ponce, 1972 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). EntomoBrasilis. 2020, e899. Available from https://doi.org/10.12741/ebrasilis.v13.e899. https://doi.org/10.12741/ebrasilis.v13.e...
Triatoma rubrofasciata	SEM	Haridass³⁶36. Haridass ET. Ultrastructure of the eggs of Reduviidae: III. Eggs of Triatominae and Echtrichodiinae (Insecta- Heteroptera). Proc Indian Natl Sci Acad B Biol Sci. (Anim. Sci.).1996; 95:447-456.
Triatoma rubrovaria	Morphology of the head of 1^st and 5^th instar nymphs	Rosa et al.⁵⁶56. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Cilense M, Belda-Neto MF. Head morphology of 1st and 5th instar nymphs of Triatoma circummaculata and Triatoma rubrovaria (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Int J Insect Morphol Embryol. 1999;28:363-375.
	Antenna morphometry	Rosa et al.⁵⁷57. Rosa JA, Barata JMS, Santos JLF, Cilense M. Morfologia de ovos de Triatoma circummaculata e Triatoma rubrovaria (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Rev Saude Publica . 2000; 34:538-542.
	Morphological and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Triatoma sordida	Morphometry of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars	Brewer et al.⁶⁰60. Brewer M, Garay M, Gorla D, Murua F, Favot R. Caracterizacion de los estadios ninfales del genero Triatoma Laporte, 1833. II. Triatoma platensis Neiva, 1913, Triatoma delpontei Romaña y Abalos, 1947, Triatoma sordida (Stal) 1859 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Rev Soc Entomol Argent. 1983, 42: 219-241.
	Description of nymphs of 1^st, 2^nd, 3^rd, 4^th, and 5^th instars (MO)	Brewer et al.⁶¹61. Brewer M, Gorla D, Garay M. Caracterizacion de los estadios ninfales del genero Triatoma Laporte, 1833.III. Analisis biometrico descriptivo de Triatoma infestans Klug, 1834; Triatoma platensis Neiva, 1913; Triatoma delpontei Romaña y Abalos,1947, Bibliografia 268 Voltar ao Sumário Triatoma sordida (Stal) 1859. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Rev Soc Entomol Argent .1983;42: 81-88.
	and keys for all instars	Brewer & Garay.⁶³63. Brewer M, Garay M. Identificatión de los estadios ninfales de las espécies del genero Triatoma Laporte, 1833 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). IV. Especies peridomiciliadas en la provincia de Cordoba Argentina. Rev Soc Entomol Argent . 1989;45:279-297.
	Morphology and key (MO and MEV)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Triatoma tibiamaculata	Abdominal structures of 5-instar nymphs	Rosa & Barata,⁴⁴44. Rosa, JA, Barata, JMS. Aspectos morfológicos de abdômen de ninfas de quinto estádio de seis espécies de Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) por microscopia óptica. Rev Cien Farmac. 1997;18:249-270.
Triatoma vandae	Description of nymphs (MO) and visualization of structures using SEM.	Silva et al.⁷²72. Silva MBA, Jurberg J, Barbosa HS, Rocha DS, Carcavallo RU, Galvão C. Comparative morphology of eggs and nymphs of Triatoma vandae Carcavallo, Jurberg, Rocha, Galvão, Noireau & Lent, 2002 and Triatoma williami Galvão, Souza & Lima, 1965 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz . 2005,100:549-561.
	Comparative study of the stridulatorium sulcus, buccula and rostrum of nymphs	Silva et al.⁶⁷67. Silva MBA, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS. Comparative study of the stridulatorium sulcus, buccula and rostrum of nymphs of Triatoma klugi Carcavallo et al., Triatoma vandae Carcavallo et al. and Triatoma williami Galvão et al. (Hemiptera:Reduviidae). Neotrop Entomol . 2010;39: 35-45.
Triatoma vitticeps	Antenna morphometry and morphology	Rosa et al.⁴⁵45. Rosa JA, Freitas SCM, Malara FF, Rocha CS. Morphometry and Morphology of the Antennae of Panstrongylus megistus Burmeister, Rhodnius neglectus Lent, Rhodnius prolixus Stal and Triatoma vitticeps Stal (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Neotrop Entomol . 2010;39(2):214-220. Available from https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X201000020001. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X201000...
	Morphology compared to other Reduviidae	Weirauch⁷³73. Weirauch C. Anatomy of Disguise: Camouflaging Structures in Nymphs of Some Reduviidae (Heteroptera). Am Mus Novit. 2006;(3542)1-18.
Triatoma williami	Description of nymphs (MO) and visualization of structures using SEM.	Silva et al.⁷²72. Silva MBA, Jurberg J, Barbosa HS, Rocha DS, Carcavallo RU, Galvão C. Comparative morphology of eggs and nymphs of Triatoma vandae Carcavallo, Jurberg, Rocha, Galvão, Noireau & Lent, 2002 and Triatoma williami Galvão, Souza & Lima, 1965 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz . 2005,100:549-561.
	Comparative study of the stridulatorium sulcus, buccula and rostrum of nymphs	Silva et al.⁶⁷67. Silva MBA, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS. Comparative study of the stridulatorium sulcus, buccula and rostrum of nymphs of Triatoma klugi Carcavallo et al., Triatoma vandae Carcavallo et al. and Triatoma williami Galvão et al. (Hemiptera:Reduviidae). Neotrop Entomol . 2010;39: 35-45.
	Morphology and key (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.
Diverse species	Some structures and key for Triatominae (MO and SEM)	Galíndez-Girón et al.³⁵35. Galíndez-Girón I, Rocha DS, Lent H, Carcavallo RU, Jurberg J, Galvão C, Barbosa HS, et al. Nymphal stages. In: Carcavallo RU, Galíndez Girón I, Jurberg J, Lent H (Eds.). Atlas of Chagas disease vectors in the Americas/ Atlas dos vetores da doença de Chagas nas Américas, vol. II, Editora Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro. 1998; 449-514.

Parameters	Triatoma sherlocki					Triatoma lenti
	1^st instar	2^nd instar	3^rd instar	4^th instar	5^th instar	1^st instar	2^nd instar	3^rd instar	4^th instar	5^th instar
Total lenght of head (mm)	1,34 ± 0,03	1,84 ± 0,05	2,65 ± 0,06	3,61 ± 0,17	4,56 ± 0,14	1,42 ± 0,08	1,83 ± 0,05	2,93 ± 0,06	3,86 ± 0,12	4,39 ± 0,16
Outer distance between the eyes (OE) (mm)	0,25 ± 0,01	0,39 ± 0,03	0,53 ± 0,03	0,69 ± 0,04	0,94 ± 0,04	0,24 ± 0,01	0,36 ± 0,03	0,53 ± 0,04	0,70 ± 0,03	0,93 ± 0,03
Inner distance between the eyes (IE) (mm)	0,51 ± 0,01	0,66 ± 0,02	0,92 ± 0,03	1,23 ± 0,07	1,54 ± 0,05	0,55 ± 0,02	0,68 ± 0,02	1,01 ± 0,03	1,29 ± 0,03	1,69 ± 0,07
Postocular distance (PO) (mm)	0,24 ± 0,02	0,31 ± 0,03	0,41 ± 0,02	0,53 ± 0,04	0,60 ± 0,04	0,28 ± 0,03	0,30 ± 0,02	0,48 ± 0,03	0,60 ± 0,04	0,88 ± 0,04
Ante-Ocular distance (AO) (mm)	0,83 ± 0,02	1,20 ± 0,04	1,81 ± 0,04	2,50 ± 0,01	3,21 ± 0,12	0,89 ± 0,04	1,22 ± 0,04	1,95 ± 0,05	2,66 ± 0,07	3,65 ± 0,15
Total thorax lenght (mm)	0,98 ± 0,03	1,43 ± 0,05	2,08 ± 0,06	2,93 ± 0,15	4,68 ± 0,18	0,99 ± 0,05	1,43 ± 0,05	2,02 ± 0,05	3,26 ± 0,11	5,29 ± 0,15
Total abdomen lenght (mm)	1,75 ± 0,11	3,17 ± 0,24	5,24 ± 0,23	6,68 ± 0,42	11,29 ± 0,39	1,57 ± 0,10	3,04 ± 0,13	5,60 ± 0,22	6,33 ± 0,33	11,14 ± 0,75
Proboscis 1^st segment (1S) (mm)	0,29 ± 0,03	0,43 ± 0,02	0,58 ± 0,04	0,84 ± 0,04	1,18 ± 0,07	0,29 ± 0,03	0,40 ± 0,02	0,6 ± 0,04	0,85 ± 0,03	1,19 ± 0,06
Proboscis 2^nd segment (2S) (mm)	0,65 ± 0,02	1,0 ± 0,04	1,35 ± 0,04	1,85 ± 0,07	2,50 ± 0,08	0,64 ± 0,02	0,98 ± 0,03	1,48 ± 0,03	1,94 ± 0,06	2,58 ± 0,09
Proboscis 3^rd segment (3S) (mm)	0,35 ± 0,02	0,54 ± 0,01	0,69± 0,02	0,93 ± 0,03	1,26 ± 0,05	0,36 ± 0,02	0,52 ± 0,02	0,72 ± 0,02	0,97 ± 0,02	1,22 ± 0,06

T. lenti x T. sherlocki		1^st instar		2^nd instar		3^rd instar		4^th instar		5^th instar
		p value	significance	p value	significance	p value	significance	p value	significance	p value	significance
Head	Total lenght	0,0057	**	0,6471	NS	<0,0001	***	0,0001	***	0,0087	**
	OE	0,0517	*	0,0025	**	0,6927	NS	0,2272	NS	0,05686	*
	IE	<0,0001	***	0,0187	*	<0,0001	***	0,0099	*	<0,0001	***
	PO	0,0012	**	0,2312	NS	<0,0001	***	0,0002	**	<0,0001	***
	AO	<0,0001	***	0,2621	NS	<0,0001	***	0,0003	**	<0,0001	***
Proboscis	1S	0,7318	NS	0,0003	**	0,1862	NS	0,3192	NS	0,1506	NS
	2S	0,0338	*	0,0066	**	<0,0001	***	0,0003	**	0,0099	*
	3S	0,3836	NS	0,0076	**	0,0006	**	0,0058	*	0,0396	*
Total thorax lenght		0,4811	NS	0,7834	NS	0,0267	*	<0,0001	***	<0,001	**
Total abdômen lenght		<0,0001	***	0,0923	NS	0,0003	**	0,0186	*	0,4947	NS

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[1] Corresponding author: Tiago Belintani. e-mail:tiagobellintani@gmail.com