FIGURE 1:
Review of IE studies in low- and middle-income countries. References:11. Damasco PV, Ramos JN, Correal JC, Potsch MV, Vieira VV, Camello TC, et al. Infective endocarditis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a 5-year experience at two teaching hospitals. Infection. 2014;42(5):835-42.,2020. Kanafani ZA, Mahfouz TH, Kanj SS. Infective endocarditis at a tertiary care center in Lebanon: predominance of streptococcal infection. J Infect. 2002;45(3):152-9.
21. Tariq M, Alam M, Munir G, Khan MA, Smego Jr RA. Infective endocarditis: a five-year experience at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Int J Infect Dis. 2004;8(3):163-70.
22. Garg N, Kandpal B, Garg N, Tewari S, Kapoor A, Goel P, et al. Characteristics of infective endocarditis in a developing country-clinical profile and outcome in 192 Indian patients, 1992-2001. Int J Cardiol. 2005;98(2):253-60.
23. Ferreiros E, Nacinovich F, Casabé JH, Modenesi JC, Swieszkowski S, Cortes C, et al. Epidemiologic, clinical, and microbiologic profile of infective endocarditis in Argentina: a national survey. The Endocarditis Infecciosa en la República Argentina-2 (EIRA-2) Study. Am Heart J. 2006;151(2):545-52.
24. Hsu CN, Wang JY, Tseng CD, Hwang JJ, Hsueh PR, Liau CS. Clinical features and predictors for mortality in patients with infective endocarditis at a university hospital in Taiwan from 1995 to 2003. Epidemiol Infect. 2006;134(3):589-97.
25. Leblebicioglu H, Yilmaz H, Tasova Y, Alp E, Saba R, Caylan R, et al. Characteristics and analysis of risk factors for mortality in infective endocarditis. Eur J Epidemiol. 2006;21(1):25-31.
26. Letaief A, Boughzala E, Kaabia N, Ernez S, Abid F, Ben Chaabane T, et al. Epidemiology of infective endocarditis in Tunisia: a 10-year multicenter retrospective study. Int J Infect Dis . 2007;11(5):430-3.
27. Trabelsi I, Rekik S, Znazen A, Maaloul I, Abid D, Maalej A, et al. Native valve infective endocarditis in a tertiary care center in a developing country (Tunisia). Am J Cardiol. 2008;102(9):1247-51.
28. Nunes MC, Gelape CL, Ferrari TC. Profile of infective endocarditis at a tertiary care center in Brazil during a seven-year period: prognostic factors and in-hospital outcome. Int J Infect Dis . 2010;14(5):e394-8.
29. Math RS, Sharma G, Kothari SS, Kalaivani M, Saxena A, Kumar AS, et al. Prospective study of infective endocarditis from a developing country. Am Heart J . 2011;162(4):633-8.
30. Elbey MA, Akdağ S, Kalkan ME, Kaya MG, Sayın MR, Karapınar H, et al. A multicenter study on experience of 13 tertiary hospitals in Turkey in patients with infective endocarditis. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg. 2013;13(6):523-7.
31. Mirabel M, André R, Barsoum Mikhail P, Colboc H, Lacassin F, Noël B, et al. Infective endocarditis in the Pacific: clinical characteristics, treatment and long-term outcomes. Open Heart. 2015;30(1):e000183.
32. Mirabel M, Rattanavong S, Frichitthavong K, Chu V, Kesone P, Thongsith P, et al. Infective endocarditis in the Lao PDR: clinical characteristics and outcomes in a developing country. Int J Cardiol . 2015;180:270-3.
33. Şimşek-Yavuz S, Şensoy A, Kaşıkçıoğlu H, Çeken S, Deniz D, Yavuz A, et al. Infective endocarditis in Turkey: aetiology, clinical features, and analysis of risk factors for mortality in 325 cases. Int J Infect Dis . 2015;30:106-14.
34. Xu H, Cai S, Dai H. Characteristics of infective endocarditis in a Tertiary Hospital in East China. PLoS One. 2016;11(11):e0166764.
35. Pazdernik M, Kautzner J, Sochman J, Kettner J, Vojacek J, Pelouch R. Clinical manifestations of infective endocarditis in relation to infectious agents: an 8-year retrospective study. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2016;160(2):298-304.
36. El-Chakhtoura N, Yasmin M, Kanj SS, Baban T, Sfeir J, Kanafani ZA. A 27-year experience with infective endocarditis in Lebanon. J Infect Public Health. 2017;10(6):734-39.
37. Heydari B, Karimzadeh I, Khalili H, Shojaei E, Ebrahimi A. Infective endocarditis; report from a main referral teaching hospital in Iran. Iran J Pharm Res. 2017;16(1):390-8.
38. Fernandes E, Olive C, Inamo J, Roques F, Cabié A, Hochedez P. Infective endocarditis in French West Indies: a 13-year observational study. Am J Trop Med Hyg . 2017;97(1):77-83.-3939. Zhu W, Zhang Q, Zhang J. The changing epidemiology and clinical features of infective endocarditis: aa retrospective study of 196 episodes in a teaching hospital in China. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2017;17(1):113..