This article, fruit of ongoing research, engages in a type of analysis that has to a large extent been neglected in Brazil. Reaffirming ties to a rich tradition of Brazilian Sociology and Political Science - a tradition that came into being in the 1960s and 1970s - the author attempts to examine the interests of fractions of the Brazilian bourgeoisie that come to act as distinct segments within the national political process and the relations that these interests maintain with the politics of the State. Conflicts between these fractions of the bourgeoisie and the relations that, as bourgeois fractions in a dependent country, the former develop with imperialism and with popular classes are also examined. In an approach that is always tentative and only a beginning, the article also makes reference to the shift in the bourgeois hierarchy of power, that is, the shift that occurred within the block in power during the two presidential mandates of Luis Ignácio Lula da Silva. We offer the hypothesis that dependent Brazilian capitalism’s new position within internationalization did not impede the action and improved position of a powerful sector of the large bourgeoisie of this country within the block in power, a situation that developed over the first decade of the 2000s.
bourgeoisie; bourgeois fractions; neo-liberalism; Lula Government; entrepreneurial class