Urban violence is the biggest cause of fatal work-related accidents in Brazil

Cordeiro, Ricardo; Luz, Verônica Gronau; Hennington, Élida Azevedo; Martins, Ana Cláudia Alves; Tófoli, Luís Fernando

doi:10.11606/S1518-8787.2017051000296

Ricardo Cordeiro

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Departamento de Saúde Coletiva. Campinas, SP, Brasil

Verônica Gronau Luz

Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados. Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde. Curso de Nutrição. Dourados, MS, Brasil

Élida Azevedo Hennington

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública. Centro de Estudos da Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Ana Cláudia Alves Martins Correspondence: Ana Cláudia Alves Martins Departamento de Saúde Coletiva - Unicamp Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126 13083-887 Campinas, SP, Brazil E-mail: claudiarede@gmail.com

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva. Campinas, SP, Brasil

Luís Fernando Tófoli

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Departamento de Psicologia Médica e Psiquiatria. Campinas, SP, Brasil

Correspondence: Ana Cláudia Alves Martins Departamento de Saúde Coletiva - Unicamp Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126 13083-887 Campinas, SP, Brazil E-mail: claudiarede@gmail.com

Authors' Contribution: Design and planning of the study: RC. Collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data: RC, VGL, EAH, ACAM, LFT. Preparation of the study: RC, VGL, EAH, LFT. Approval of the final version: RC, VGL, EAH, ACAM, LFT. Public responsibility for the content of the article: RC, VGL, EAH, ACAM, LFT.

Conflict of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Immediate cause	Absolute frequency (n)	Relative frequency (%)	Work-related accident (absolute and relative)
Murder	160	42.3	25 (15.6)
Traffic accident	117	30.9	42 (35.9)
Suicide	48	12.7	3 (6.3)
Fall	37	9.8	3 (8.1)
Drowning	6	1.6	0 (0)
Other	10	2,6	9 (90.0)
Total	3 78	100	82 (21.7)

Large groups	Absolute frequency (n)	Relative frequency (%)
7: Workers in the production of industrial goods and services, except machine operators	28	34.1
5: Service workers, sellers in shops and markets	28	34.1
4: Administrative service workers	7	8.5
1: Senior members of the government, heads of public interest organizations and companies, and managers	5	6.1
2: Professionals of science and arts	4	4.9
6: Agricultural, forestry, hunting, and fishing workers	3	3.7
9: Maintenance and repair workers	3	3.7
0: Military, military firefighters and police	1	1.2
3: Technicians with high school diploma	1	1.2
8: Workers in the production of industrial goods and services, only machine operators	1	1.2
No information	1	1.2
Total	82	100

Type of work-related accident	Absolute frequency (n)	Relative frequency (%)
Work-related accidents by crime	25	30.5
Strict work-related accidents	19	23.2
Work-related accidents in traffic	35	42.7
Other work-related accidents	3	3.7
Total	82	100

Case	Description
16	Bus driver, as he walked back home from the bus terminal he was beaten and suffocated by two strangers. Motivation: possible disagreement with drug dealers.
24	Cook, he was taken by force by two strangers, who poured a gallon of gasoline on her and set her on fire. Motivation: possible crime of passion
41	Assembler of metallic frames, he was transporting material to a work site in the company car. Stuck in the traffic jam, he was approached by three strangers. One of them fired two shots at the worker. Motivation: possibly confused with a person wanted dead.
42	Rural worker, while pruning guava trees in an orchard, he was approached by a stranger who arrived on a motorcycle and shot three times at the worker. Motivation: possible crime of passion
64	Chief of maintenance at a large hotel, on his way out of work he was attacked by two strangers who beat him to death. Motivation: possibly confused with a person wanted dead.
76	Sex worker (CBO 5198-05), she was stabbed by a client during sex. Motivation: disagreement with client regarding the price of the program.
78	Mechanic, he went to rescue a broken car in a street. While inspecting the engine, he was approached by two strangers who fired two shots at him. Motivation: possible crime of passion
110	Security guard of a gated community, he was working inside a guardhouse and was shot three times in the back, fired from the street by a hooded stranger. Motivation: possible crime of passion
121	A grill man who worked at a snack bar, he was shot several times by strangers as he returned home from work. Motivation: possible disagreement with drug dealers.
123	A recyclable waste picker, she was run over by a bus, maneuvering into a garage, while collecting cardboard in the street. Motivation: accidentally run over while working.
149	Hot dog salesman, shot by strangers while reacting to a robbery. Motivation: robbery.
155	A janitor of a sports club, he was stabbed during work hours by a coworker. Motivation: disagreement with coworker.
159	Woodworker, he was shot several times while reacting to a robbery on the way to work. Motivation: robbery.
174	Pizzaiolo, owner of a small pizzeria, he left work and went to his house during work hours to pick up supplies. He was shot five times when he got out of the car. Motivation: unknown.
187	Building porter, he was stolen, beaten, and killed by three unknown teenagers leaving the building at the end of the shift and heading home. Motivation: robbery.
211	Photocopier operator, he was abducted when leaving work to buy toner, beaten, and abandoned on the side of a highway. Motivation: possible crime of passion
218	Owner of a stationery shop, he was kidnapped from the entrance of the shop by two unknown armed men. His body was found in a thicket days later with beating marks. Motivation: unknown.
219	Bar owner in the periphery, he was hit by several shots fired by a client while working. Motivation: disagreement with customer regarding price of the drink.
220	Correctional officer, after leaving work, he drove his car home when he was approached by two persons in a motorcycle. The passenger fired ten shots at the officer. Motivation: possible disagreement with drug dealers.
247	Masonry worker, he was beaten and killed by his boss's son on his way home from work. Motivation: disagreement with third party.
280	Supermarket assistant, he was hit at the entrance of the work, while unloading goods, by a car that invaded the sidewalk. The car had just been stolen and the driver was being chased by the police at the time of the accident. Motivation: accidentally run over while working.
321	Security guard of a transport company, he was hit during patrol by two rifle shots made by a stranger. Motivation: possibly confused with a person wanted dead.
324	Security guard of a snack bar, he ran into confrontation with two robbers at work and was shot.
359	Bar owner, she was shot by a client. Motivation: disagreement as to the change of the drink.
383	Driver of a microbus, he was killed by a passenger while driving. Motivation: possible disagreement with criminals.

Case	Description
25	Masonry worker, he was laying tiles on a roof, got off balance, and fell to the ground.
95	Highway worker, he was hit while painting a security line at the shoulder of a highway.
100	Panel installer, an billboard fell over him while he was working fixing it.
119	Horse trainer, he suffered a trauma to the thorax from a kick from the horse that he was treating.
126	Truck driver, he fell from the truck body while unloading tiles.
131	Security guard, he suffered a car accident on the highway while escorting a truck.
137	Truck driver, he suffered a car accident on the highway while transporting cargo.
138	Hawker, he was run over at the shoulder of the highway while selling fruit.
160	Construction worker, he was crushed by marble blocks that fell from the body of the truck that he was unloading.
215	Masonry worker, he was laying tiles on a roof, got off balance, and fell to the ground.
221	Recyclable waste picker, he was electrocuted as he tried to move a bare, high-tension wire off a sidewalk from a utility pole while picking up recyclable material.
222	Bus driver, he was helping a wheelchair user enter the vehicle when he slipped and hit his head on the curb.
246	Truck driver, he parked the vehicle on incline, got off, and went behind the truck. At that moment, the brake system failed and the truck came down and pressed the driver against another parked truck.
295	Masonry worker, he drove a tractor on a dirt road on a steep slope, lost control of the vehicle, and flipped over.
303	Electrician, he was electrocuted and fell from the top of a pole while making a clandestine connection.
314	A parcel dispatcher, he crashed his motorcycle into a car while he was bringing parts to a parking lot.
340	Masonry worker, he was buried by a high wall that collapsed on him while working on a construction site.
403	Masonry worker, he was hit by a rafter that fell from the eighth floor of a building under construction while working on a construction site.
411	Truck driver, he transported goods, stopped at the shoulder to answer the phone, got out of the truck, and was hit by a car.

[1] Correspondence: Ana Cláudia Alves Martins Departamento de Saúde Coletiva - Unicamp Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126 13083-887 Campinas, SP, Brazil E-mail: claudiarede@gmail.com

Brasil

Brasil

Urban violence is the biggest cause of fatal work-related accidents in Brazil

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