Adherence to the food guide for the Brazilian population

Verly Junior, Eliseu; Carvalho, Aline Martins de; Fisberg, Regina Mara; Marchioni, Dirce Maria Lobo

doi:10.1590/S0034-8910.2013047004637

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Sumário

Original Articles • Rev. Saúde Pública 47 (6) • Dec 2013 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.2013047004637 copy

Adherence to the food guide for the Brazilian population

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

OBJECTIVE

: To analyze adherence to the Food Guide for the Brazilian Population.

METHODS

: Sample composed of participants in the Health Survey for Sao Paulo (n = 1,661) who completed two non-consecutive 24-hour recalls. A bivariate mixed model was created for the ratio of energy from a food group and total energy intake. The estimated ratio was used to calculate the percentage of individuals with intake above or below the recommendation.

RESULTS

: At least 80.0% of the individuals consume below the recommendation for milk and dairy; fruit and fresh juice; and cereals, tubers and roots; about 60.0% for vegetables; 30.0% for beans; and 8.0% for meat and eggs. Adolescents had the greatest inadequacy for vegetables (90.0%), and the highest income group had the lowest inadequacy for oils, fat and seeds (57.0%).

CONCLUSIONS

: The intake of food groups related to increased risk of chronic diseases were found to be inadequate.

Food Consumption; Food Guide; Nutrition Policy; Nutrition Assessment; Diet Surveys

Food Group	Mean recommended calories (kcal)	Daily serving (n)	Mean energy value per serving (kcal)	Calorie share (%)^a
Grains, roots and tubers	900	6	150	45.0
Beans	55	1	55	2.8
Fruit and natural fruit juices	210	3	70	10.5
Vegetables and legumes	45	3	15	2.3
Milk and dairy products	360	3	120	18.0
Meat and eggs	190	1	190	9.5
Oil, fat and oily seeds^b	73	1	73	3.7
Sugars and sweets^b	110	1	110	5.5

Food Group	Characteristics of the population	n	Mean	95%CI	Percentiles of intake					% below	95%CI

					10	25	50	75	90
Grains, roots and tubers and derivatives	Male	722	4.83	4.21;5.39	2.90	3.60	4.60	5.80	7.00	91	85;97
	Female	939	3.95^b	3.70;4.12	2.30	2.90	3.70	4.70	5.80	84	82;86
	Adolescent	561	5.24	5.00;5.41	3.10	3.90	4.90	6.20	7.50	89	85;93
	Adult	583	4.37	3.91;4.69	2.50	3.20	4.10	5.20	6.30	88	84;92
	Older adult	517	3.63^b	3.43;3.81	2.10	2.70	3.40	4.40	5.40	80	72;88
	1^stt. income^a	554	4.49	3.81;4.99	2.50	3.20	4.10	5.30	6.50	83	73;92
	2^ndt. income	554	4.60	4.21;4.99	2.70	3.40	4.40	5.60	6.90	83	81;85
	3^rdt. income	553	4.13	3.51;4.69	2.30	3.00	3.90	4.90	6.10	95	91;99
Beans	Male	722	1.72	1.63;1.77	0.50	0.92	1.53	2.29	3.09	30	27;33
	Female	939	1.15^b	1.04;1.26	0.34	0.63	1.04	1.54	2.10	35	31;39
	Adolescent	561	1.62	1.56;1.68	0.46	0.84	1.43	2.17	3.02	34	32;36
	Adult	583	1.41	1.27;1.55	0.40	0.74	1.24	1.89	2.64	32	29;35
	Older adult	517	1.14^b	1.09;1.19	0.32	0.59	1.00	1.52	2.11	31	26;37
	1^stt. income^a	554	1.45	1.41;1.49	0.42	0.75	1.27	1.93	2.70	29	24;33
	2^ndt. income	554	1.44	1.33;1.54	0.40	0.74	1.26	1.92	2.69	32	28;35
	3^rdt. income	553	1.37	1.23;1.51	0.40	0.71	1.19	1.82	2.55	35	33;38
Fruit and natural fruit juices	Male	722	1.01	0.97;1.05	0.20	0.41	0.82	1.41	2.07	98	97;98
	Female	939	0.87	0.71;1.03	0.16	0.35	0.70	1.21	1.82	96	93;98
	Adolescent	561	0.95	0.88;1.03	0.19	0.39	0.77	1.33	1.97	98	97;99
	Adult	583	0.95	0.81;0.99	0.17	0.36	0.72	1.25	1.86	97	95;99
	Older adult	517	1.11	0.96;1.25	0.22	0.46	0.90	1.55	2.26	89	75;100
	1^stt. income^a	554	0.94	0.89;0.98	0.18	0.38	0.76	1.31	1.94	96	94;98
	2^ndt. income	554	0.99	0.93;1.04	0.19	0.40	0.80	1.37	2.05	96	94;98
	3^rdt. income	553	0.91	0.85;0.98	0.17	0.37	0.74	1.28	1.89	97	95;99
Vegetables and legumes	Male	722	2.19	1.92;2.48	0.86	1.42	2.10	2.85	3.60	76	59;93
	Female	939	1.87	1.63;2.11	0.74	1.20	1.79	2.43	3.08	62	51;72
	Adolescent	561	1.81	1.66;1.95	0.70	1.16	1.73	2.35	2.97	90	83;98
	Adult	583	2.06	1.81;2.32	0.80	1.31	1.96	2.68	3.39	68	57;81
	Older adult	517	2.09	1.88;2.29	0.81	1.33	1.98	2.71	3.44	44^b	33;55
	1^stt. income^a	554	1.94	1.73;2.17	0.76	1.25	1.86	2.52	3.17	67	57;77
	2^ndt. income	554	1.80	1.49;2.11	0.71	1.16	1.73	2.34	2.95	77	64;92
	3^rdt. income	553	2.25	2.05;2.45	0.87	1.45	2.17	2.92	3.70	62	53;72
Milk and dairy products	Male	722	0.96	0.75;1.04	0.22	0.49	0.86	1.24	1.60	100	99;100
	Female	939	0.93	0.86;1.02	0.22	0.50	0.89	1.27	1.65	98	97;100
	Adolescent	561	1.13	1.03;1.23	0.28	0.63	1.10	1.56	1.98	99	98;100
	Adult	583	0.88^b	0.77;0.98	0.22	0.48	0.85	1.21	1.54	100	99;100
	Older adult	517	0.88	0.73;1.04	0.22	0.49	0.85	1.22	1.57	97	94;100
	1^stt. income^a	554	0.94	0.83;1.05	0.23	0.51	0.90	1.29	1.67	99	97;100
	2^ndt. income	554	0.87	0.79;0.96	0.21	0.48	0.83	1.20	1.55	99	99;100
	3^rdt. income	553	0.94	0.82;1.06	0.23	0.52	0.90	1.29	1.66	99	98;100
Meat and eggs	Male	722	2.18	1.96;2.45	1.24	1.68	2.16	2.66	3.16	6	2;11
	Female	939	1.51^b	1.45;1.57	0.84	1.14	1.48	1.85	2.21	9	4;13
	Adolescent	561	1.95	1.79;2.11	1.03	1.41	1.87	2.41	2.95	11	7;16
	Adult	583	1.88	1.71;2.05	1.00	1.36	1.81	2.33	2.86	7	3;11
	Older adult	517	1.46^b	1.37;1.54	0.76	1.05	1.39	1.80	2.22	8	2;14
	1^stt. income^a	554	1.72	1.67;1.77	0.89	1.23	1.64	2.12	2.63	8	3;13
	2^ndt. income	554	1.86	1.66;2.05	0.97	1.33	1.78	2.30	2.84	7	3;11
	3^rdt. income	553	1.89	1.72;2.07	0.99	1.37	1.82	2.35	2.89	7	3;12

Food groups	Characteristics of the population	n	Mean	95%CI	Percentiles of intake					% above	95%CI

					10	25	50	75	90
Oils, fat and oily seeds	Male	722	1.49	1.39;1.59	0.31	0.66	1.26	2.05	2.98	60	55;64
	Female	939	1.28^b	1.21;1.37	0.27	0.57	1.08	1.77	2.54	66	63;70
	Adolescent	561	1.72	1.56;1.88	0.36	0.77	1.47	2.38	3.38	66	61;72
	Adult	583	1.35	1.24;1.46	0.28	0.60	1.15	1.85	2.65	62	57;67
	Older adult	517	1.19^b	1.06;1.32	0.25	0.53	1.01	1.64	2.35	67	64;73
	1^stt. income^a	554	1.44	1.29;1.59	0.29	0.63	1.21	1.99	2.86	68	64;71
	2^ndt. income	554	1.53	1.43;1.63	0.31	0.68	1.30	2.10	3.01	68	64;72
	3^rdt. income	553	1.22^b	1.7;1.28	0.25	0.54	1.04	1.69	2.42	57^b	52;62
Sugars and sweets	Male	722	1.67	1.53;1.81	0.61	0.95	1.45	2.14	3.01	76	69;84
	Female	939	1.42^b	1.33;1.48	0.50	0.78	1.21	1.81	2.54	82	68;97
	Adolescent	561	2.49	2.21;2.77	1.03	1.55	2.28	3.18	4.21	93	85;100
	Adult	583	1.43	1.31;1.55	0.55	0.85	1.28	1.83	2.41	78	69;88
	Older adult	517	1.01^b	0.91;1.12	0.37	0.59	0.90	1.31	1.74	71	51;98
	1^stt. income^a	554	1.46	1.32;1.61	0.50	0.78	1.23	1.88	2.71	78	68;88
	2^ndt. income	554	1.48	1.35;1.61	0.52	0.82	1.27	1.89	2.67	78	68;87
	3^rdt. income	553	1.62	1.58;1.65	0.59	0.92	1.41	2.07	2.86	82	69;95

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[1] Correspondence
: Eliseu Verly Junior. Departamento de Epidemiologia. Instituto de Medicina Social – UERJ. Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524 Maracanã. 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. E-mail: eliseujunior@gmail.com