Prevalence of common mental disorders among sugarcane workers

Costa, Polyana Felipe Ferreira da; Santos, Solange Laurentino dos; Silva, Marcelo Saturnino da; Gurgel, Idê Gomes Dantas

doi:10.11606/S1518-8787.2017051007140

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Original Articles • Rev. Saúde Pública 51 • 2017 • https://doi.org/10.11606/S1518-8787.2017051007140 copy

Prevalence of common mental disorders among sugarcane workers

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE

To estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders and to analyze the associated factors in migrant and sugarcane workers.

METHODS

This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 110 workers. Common mental disorders were evaluated using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), and sociodemographic, occupational, and lifestyle variables were studied. The CAGE questionnaire was used to detect the abuse of alcoholic beverages.

RESULTS

The prevalence of common mental disorders affected 40% of the workers and the association showed statistical significance for the positive result of the CAGE test, sickness, absence from work, and medical care during the harvest period.

CONCLUSIONS

The suspected cases of problem drinkers and the control mechanisms used by the mill for workers who miss work or become ill are factors that can cause common mental disorders.

DESCRIPTORS
Rural Health; Transients and Migrants; Mental Disorders, epidemiology; Risk Factors; Working Conditions; Cross-Sectional Studies

Variable	Category	n	%
Age (years)	18-29	69	62.7
	30-39	25	22.7
	40-49	11	10.0
	Above 50	5	4.6
Marital status	Single	53	48.2
	Married	38	34.5
	Divorced	19	17.3
Number of children	Zero	59	53.7
	Only 1	24	21.8
	2	14	12.7
	3	8	7.3
	4 or more	5	4.5
Knows how to read/write	Yes	72	65.4
	No	8	7.3
	Only signs the name	30	27.3
Education level	None	9	8.2
	Elementary school	83	75.5
	High school	18	16.3
Time cutting sugarcane (years)	1-5	59	53.6
	6-10	38	34.6
	11-15	10	9.1
	16-20	3	2.7
Family income (minimum wage)	1-2	51	46.4
	2-3	59	53.6
Type of housing	Given by the mill	98	89.1
	Rented by the workers	12	10.9
Relationship with other residents	Workers	67	60.9
	Family members	33	30.0
	Wife	10	9.1
Alcohol	Consumes	85	77.3
	Does not consume	25	22.7
CAGE	Positive	25	22.7
	Negative	85	77.3

CMD	Question	n	%
Depressive or anxious mood	Q4 Are you easily frightened?	37	33.5
	Q6 Do you feel nervous, tense, or worried?	65	59.1
	Q9 Do you feel unhappy?	80	72.7
	Q10 Do you cry more than usual?	18	16.4
Somatic symptoms	Q1 Do you often have headaches?	57	51.8
	Q2 Is your appetite poor?	73	66.4
	Q3 Do you sleep badly?	55	50.0
	Q5 Do your hands shake?	66	60.0
	Q7 Is your digestion poor?	46	41.8
	Q19 Do you have uncomfortable feelings in your stomach?	28	25.5
Decrease in vital energy	Q8 Do you have trouble thinking clearly?	1	0.9
	Q11 Do you find it difficult to enjoy your daily activities?	0	0
	Q12 Do you find it difficult to make decisions?	38	34.5
	Q13 Is your daily work suffering?	99	90.0
	Q18 Do you feel tired all the time?	74	67.3
	Q20 Are you easily tired?	21	19.1
Depressive thoughts	Q14 Are you unable to play a useful part in life?	0	0
	Q15 Have you lost interest in things?	1	0.9
	Q16 Do you feel that you are a worthless person?	0	0
	Q17 Has the thought of ending your life been on your mind?	4	3.6

Characteristic		Prevalence (%)	PR	95%CI	p
Age group (years)
	18-29	40.6	1.49	0.54-4.07	0.311
	30-39	40.0	1.47	0.50-4.31	0.366
	40-49	27.3	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.
	≥ 50	60.0	2.20	0.66-7.31	0.241
Marital status
	Single	37.7	1.19	0.57-2.52	0.634
	Married	47.4	1.50	0.71-3.15	0.259
	Divorced	31.6	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.
Children
	Yes	39.2	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.
	No	40.7	0.96	0.61-1.53	0.876
Education level
	Zero	44.4	2.67	0.75-9.45	0.139
	Elementary school	44.6	2.67	0.93-7.72	0.028
	High school	16.7	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.
Number of harvests
	1 to 5	42.4	1.27	0.25-6.47	0.621
	6 to 10	36.8	1.11	0.21-5.78	0.701
	11 to 15	40.0	1.20	0.20-7.05	0.685
	16 to 20	33.3	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.
Family income
	1-2 wages	41.2	1.06	0.67-1.67	0.815
	2-3 wages	38.9	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.
Relationship with other residents
	Other workers	36.5	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.
	Family members	40.0	1.04	0.63-1.73	0.881
	Wife	50.0	1.30	0.65-2.60	0.359
Alcoholism
	Yes	41.2	1.14	0.64-2.05	0.643
	No	36.0	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.
CAGE
	Yes	38.6	3.19	1.51-6.74	0.001
	No	12.1	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.
Health-work relationship
	Yes	50.9	1.80	1.09-2.96	0.016
	No	28.3	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.
Absence from work
	Yes	54.4	2.36	1.36-4.09	0.0008
	No	24.5	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.
Medical care
	Yes	48.5	1.78	1.03-3.06	0.026
	No	27.3	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.	^* * Reference group.

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E-mail: revsp@usp.br

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[1] Correspondence: Polyana Felipe Ferreira da Costa Rua Jacinto Alves de Carvalho, 67 Nossa Senhora da Penha 56903-360 Serra Talhada, PE, Brasil E-mail: polyana.upe@gmail.com