In a matter of few years there will be more urban than rural dwellers worldwide. The rapid urbanisation lacking adequate control and regulatory mechanisms typical of developing countries, brought along huge effects to the health of the population Environmental problems traditionally related to poverty and underdevelopment such as insufficient provision of sanitation services, waste collection and disposal, and precarious housing conditions, are now added to environmental problems considered of "modern life" such as the chemical and physical pollution of the air, water and soil. Once again, the poor population is affected by a disproportionate share of the bad effects of urbanisation Thus, environmental and health inequalities and inequities become enormous. In order to change this picture, environmental issues need to be re-incorporated into the health policy agenda and the objectives of environmental health should be integrated into a sustainable development approach. Intersectoral dialogue between partners will also bring benefits in the achievement of a better quality of life for the population. Today, environmental health faces the challenge of promoting better quality of health and life in the cities and the opportunity of confronting the absurd picture of social exclusion under the perspective of equity.
health; environment; urbanization; pollution