Management of family health and poverty during the economic downturn in
               Portugal

Oliveira, Ivo; Nogueira, Fernanda; Marôco, João; Diniz, Francisco

doi:10.1590/S0104-12902015000200012

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Part II - Articles • Saude soc. 24 (2) • Apr-Jun 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-12902015000200012 copy

Management of family health and poverty during the economic downturn in Portugal

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

The objective of the present study is to discuss management and health. It investigates the contribution of family health and its role in local development in the context of economic recession and poverty increase in Portugal. Overall, 1,021 individuals were inquired, and the statistical treatment consisted of inferential, factor and regression analyses. The main result shows that the fact that an individual considers himself a healthy person depends on occupation, housing and on other determinants related to living conditions. A consistent factor analysis identified a set of important factors for the management of family health. The conclusion is that citizens' living and working conditions are related to their level of health. We identified the most important determinants to explain average life expectancy. They are reflected in economic downturn periods.

Health Economics; Public Health; Family and Community Medicine; Life Expectancy; Poverty

District	Nº
Lisboa	179
Porto	145
Setúbal	69
Beja	31
Vila Real	50
Leiria	46
Santarém	45
Castelo Branco	30
Bragança	43
Portalegre	39
Viseu	37
Vieira do Castelo	31
Braga	69
Aveiro	57
Évora	31
Coimbra	44
Faro	44
Guarda	31
TOTAL	1021

Level of Schooling	Proportion (%)
1st cycle	3,9
2nd cycle	5,3
3rd cycle	6,5
Secondary school	27.2
University	57,0
TOTAL	100

Aspect of life	X2	P	Nº
The most important aspect	16,423	0,01	979
Age group	47,012	0,01	985
Marital status	5,795	0,122	980
Having a professional activity	13,831	0,01	955
Level of schooling	56,749	0,01	978
Home's adequacy for health	19,545	0,01	942
No. of residents in the domicile	20,815	0,008	933
Going to the doctor when ill	8,088	0,04	993
Visiting the family doctor	4,384	0,037	983
Going to a specialist	8,201	0,04	963
Going to the doctor only when ill	1,014	0,314	975
Attended a consultation in the last 12 months	4,645	0,031	974

Type of work	X2	P	Nº
Working at home	1,996	0,16	900
Working in shifts	4,678	0,03	884
Working extra hours	133,172	0,01	875

Items	Factors
Items	1	2	3	4	5	6
In private offices, doctors are more attentive	0,776
The private health system meets the population's needs more quickly than hospitals	0,750
Health care centers are mostly attended by people with fewer economic resources	0,578
The health care centers' low response leads to a greater use of hospital emergencies	0,564
The hospital allows the patient to undergo all the necessary exams and this does not happen at the health care center	0,437
Do you have a professional activity?		0,786
Do you usually work extra hours?		0,708
Do you believe that your professional activity can have effects on your health?		0,659
Are you a beneficiary of social security or of any other similar regime?		0,490
Does your husband (wife)/spouse/partner have a professional activity?		0,482
Fruit			0,756
Fresh vegetables			0,660
Water			0,560
Legumes (beans, grain...)			0,510
Dairy products			0,510
I prefer to go to the health care center because there I have my doctor who knows me and my problems				0,822
It is very important to have a family doctor who monitors us throughout our life and knows our problems				0,731
Have you visited a family doctor?				0,589
Unwillingness					0,761
Habits and routine					0,761
Tastes					0,722
Asks the pharmacist's advice						0,671
Asks other people's advices (relatives, friends or neighbors)						0,660
Uses the home pharmacy and also the drugs that the doctor had prescribed in previous situations						0,638
% of specific variance	8,93	8,63	8,04	7,69	7,27	6,16
% of total variance	46,73				7,27	6,16
Cronbach's Alpha	0,64	0,63	0,55	0,53	0,45	0,45
Total Cronbach's Alpha	0,576

Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo. Associação Paulista de Saúde Pública. Av. dr. Arnaldo, 715, Prédio da Biblioteca, 2º andar sala 2, 01246-904 São Paulo - SP - Brasil, Tel./Fax: +55 11 3061-7880 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: saudesoc@usp.br

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[1] Ivo Oliveira Instituto Politécnico de Gestão e Tecnologia. Rua Cabo Borges, 55.Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal. 4430-646.