ABSTRACT
This essay discusses the challenges and contradictions that permeate the conquest of the citizenship of Brazilian children and adolescents, with emphasis on the protection of the right to health. It describes the phenomenon of violation of the rights of children and adolescents and its impact regarding a broad concept of health, public policies relevant to it, and productions in the theoretical and programmatic at international and national level. Finally, it analyzes the Brazilian experience regarding the development of public policies directly related to the Unified Health System for the assurance of the human rights of vulnerable children and adolescents and / or victims of violence.
KEYWORDS:
Defense of children and adolescents; Violence; Human rights; Health.