Application of the Response Surface Methodology for Optimization of the Resistance Spot Welding Process in AISI 1006 Galvanized Steel

Abstract

The resistance spot welding has a great importance in the manufacture of several industrial products. Despite its wide applicability, this process is subject to certain quality inconsistency due to controllable and non-controllable variables. Thus, this study seeks to apply the response surface methodology to obtain optimized values of controllable process factors, such as welding current, welding time and electrode strength. The behavior of the electrode displacement curves has been verified in order to observe the burning effect of the coating of the galvanized carbon steel plates. It was also evaluated the shear test to verify the tensile-shear strength of the specimens. The results of the application showed that high current parameters and reduced cycle time parameters provided higher levels of strength and desirable indentation values. In addition, it was possible to verify through the experiments that the quality criteria of the weld point correlate with the characteristics of the displacement curves of the electrode, providing an efficient way to evaluate the quality of the process of welding to point from nondestructive tests.

Key-words: Resistance spot welding; Response surface methodology; Optimization; Galvanized steels; Electrode displacement