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An outline of a pragmatic sociology of ‘violence’

Um esboço de sociologia pragmática da ‘violência’1 1 This paper presents the first results of the research Moralismo Ostentatório e Violência: Um Estudo do Papel da Crítica Acusatorial na ‘Violentização’ dos Discursos no Rio de Janeiro, supported by Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Faperj) (process E-261202.75612019), results from the research Corpos, Sentidos e Diferenças: A Violência Urbana e suas Formas de Ser (process E26203.0552019), and results from a concluded Master research and from an on-going PhD research, both funded by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (Capes) (funding code 001). We thank professors Michel Misse, Lucas Cid Gigante, and Diogo Corrêa for comments to previous versions of the text.

Abstract

In this article we propose a model for a pragmatic sociology of violence. Based on a semiotic analysis of a primordial cognitive operation deployed in people’s definition of situations, namely qualification, the essential characterization of things, the paper maps the meanings attributed to what both ordinary social actors and academic analysts treat as violence. Our analysis shows that this operation imbues a concrete object with meaning, the disproportionate use of force, whose resignifications compose a typology of five ‘sociologies of violence,’ both native and academic. These are: substantivist, constructivist, political, critical, and praxiological. To this gallery, we suggest the addition of another item: a pragmatic sociology. Taking the sign ‘violence’ as an interpretant, this sociology seeks to understand how, in people’s qualifications, it functions as a connection between moral metaphysics (worldviews in which the deployment of disproportionate force makes sense) and devices capable of effectuating them.

Keywords:
violence; disproportionate force; pragmatism; pragmatic sociology of violence; conflict

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