Notícias falsas sobre saúde durante a pandemia de COVID-19: entre o ceticismo e o viés de preferência cultural

Sugihartati, Rahma; Mas’udah, Siti; Widodo, Suko; Prasetyo, Ratna Azis; Wardhana, Arya Wijaya Pramodha

doi:10.1590/1807-0337/e128636

person Rahma Sugihartati *

conceptualization or design of the manuscript · critical revision of the manuscript professor of Information Science at the Department of Information and Library Sciences at Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia. Her research interests include information behavior, information society, information & culture and digital literacy. rahma.sugihartati@fisip.unair.ac.id

schoolUniversitas Airlangga, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Department of Information and Library Sciences, Surabaya, Indonesia.

0000-0003-3137-8607

person Siti Mas’udah

drafting the manuscript · final approval of the version to be submitted and revisited professor of Sociology at the Department of Sociology at Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia. She is an expert in Indonesian socio-cultural system and sociology of family. siti.masudah@fisip.unair.ac.id

schoolUniversitas Airlangga, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Department of Sociology, Surabaya, Indonesia.

0000-0001-8715-4448

person Suko Widodo

data analysis and interpretation senior lecturer at the Department of Communication at Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia. His work centers on risk communication, crisis communication and social trust. suko.widodo@fisip.unair.ac.id

schoolUniversitas Airlangga, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Department of Communication Science, Surabaya, Indonesia.

0009-0001-6283-1171

person Ratna Azis Prasetyo

data collection · critical revision of the manuscript lecturer at the Department of Sociology at Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia. Her research focuses on sociology of development and community empowerment. ratna.azis.prasetyo@fisip.unair.ac.id

schoolUniversitas Airlangga, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Department of Sociology, Surabaya, Indonesia.

0000-0003-4398-4700

person Arya Wijaya Pramodha Wardhana

data curation · critical revision of the manuscript assistant lecturer at Department of Information and Library Sciences at Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia. His research focuses on information studies, information society, modern cultural studies, and media literacy. arya.wijaya31@ui.ac.id

schoolUniversitas Indonesia, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Library and Information Sciences, Depok, Indonesia.

0000-0002-7189-5978

person*Correspondence:
emailrahma.sugihartati@fisip.unair.ac.id

Conflict of interest:

None.

Editor:

Marilia Luz David.

Age of Respondents	F	%
1. 18-23	73	36,5
2. 24-29	57	28,5
3. 30-35	24	12
4. 36-41	7	3,5
5. 42-47	17	8,5
6. 48-53	14	7
7. 54-60	8	4
Total	200	100

Health Information about COVID-19 from WhatsApp Group	Very Frequently		Frequently		Rarely		Never		Total
Health Information about COVID-19 from WhatsApp Group	F	%	F	%	F	%	F	%	F	%
1. Spices for the prevention of COVID-19	24	12	90	45	52	26	34	17	200	100
2. Garlic for the prevention of COVID-19	16	8	68	34	64	32	52	26	200	100
3. Eucalyptus-based anti-COVID-19 necklace	13	6.5	46	23	71	35.5	70	35	200	100
4. Sunbathing for the prevention of COVID-19	23	11.5	100	50	56	28	21	10.5	200	100
5. Gargling with water and vinegar	19	9.5	49	24.5	56	28	76	38	200	100
6. Gargling with water and salt	10	5.0	41	20.5	63	31.5	86	43.0	200	100

Health Information about COVID-19 that were Disseminated	Very Frequently		Frequently		Rarely		Never		Total
	F	%	F	%	F	%	F	%	F	%
1. Spices or jamu for the prevention of COVID-19	51	30.7	33	19.9	26	15.7	56	33.7	166	100
2. Garlic for the prevention of COVID-19	29	19.6	40	27.0	37	25.0	42	28.4	148	100
3. Eucalyptus-based anti-COVID-19 necklace	20	15.4	23	17.7	32	24.6	55	42.3	130	100
4. Sunbathing for the prevention of COVID-19	54	30.2	41	22.9	35	19.5	49	27.4	179	100
5. Gargling with water and vinegar	21	16.9	72	58.1	28	22.6	3	2.4	124	100
6. Gargling with water and salt	11	9.7	38	33.3	44	38.6	21	18.4	114	100

Reaction after Receiving Information/News	F	%
1. Believing and trusting health information to be accurate and helpful, necessitating its social media sharing because:	97	55
- Spices (empon-empon), jamu, herbs, and garlic are old-time medicines which are highly believed to be effective.
- Drinking jamu is a habit of the Javanese to treat illness, in addition to doing self-care and prevent disease.
- It is family habit to drink jamu (traditional medicine).
- People around consume spices and jamu.
2. Developing critical thinking skills and questioning the validity of health information before completely trusting it:	50	25
- Spices (empon-empon), jamu, herbs, and garlic are not medicines. They only serve to boost the immune system.
- Exaggerated and maybe untrue information regarding the benefits of spices or jamu and eucalyptus-based necklaces is spread, possibly to boost market sales of herbs and spices (as demonstrated by the fact that store spices were sold out).
3. Only reading and doing nothing with the information. The important thing is to implement health protocols so as not to catch COVID-19.	37	18,5
4. Not posting the information on social media or taking any action with it due to the possibility of breaking the law pertaining to electronic information and transactions (ITE).	16	8
Total	200	100

Notícias falsas sobre saúde durante a pandemia de COVID-19: entre o ceticismo e o viés de preferência cultural

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