Cecinato & Salciarini (2022)Cecinato, F., & Salciarini, D. (2022). Energy performance assessment of thermo-active micro-piles via numerical modeling and statistical analysis. Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment, 29, 100268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gete.2021.100268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gete.2021.10...
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Soil conductivity is of predominant importance in SGES installation efficiency. |
Hoekstra et al. (2020a)Hoekstra, N., Pellegrini, M., Bloemendal, M., Spaak, G., Andreu Gallego, A., Rodriguez Comins, J., Grotenhuis, T., Picone, S., Murrell, A.J., Steeman, H.J., Verrone, A., Doornenbal, P., Christophersen, M., Bennedsen, L., Henssen, M., Moinier, S., & Saccani, C. (2020a). Increasing market opportunities for renewable energy technologies with innovations in aquifer thermal energy storage. The Science of the Total Environment, 709, 136142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.20...
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STC has huge influence in SGES potential. |
Assouline et al. (2019)Assouline, D., Mohajeri, N., Gudmundsson, A., & Scartezzini, J.-L. (2019). A machine learning approach for mapping the very shallow theoretical geothermal potential. Geothermal Energy, 7(1), 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40517-019-0135-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40517-019-013...
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Measurement of soil thermal property should be determined before extracting heat from the ground. |
Zeng et al. (2021)Zeng, S., Yan, Z., & Yang, J. (2021). Review and forecast of ground heat exchangers development: a bibliometric analysis from 2001 to 2020. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 47, 101547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2021.101547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2021.10...
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The heat transfer rate of SGES is unsatisfactory until the STC is determined properly. |
Cherati & Ghasemi-Fare (2021)Cherati, D.Y., & Ghasemi-Fare, O. (2021). Practical approaches for implementation of energy piles in Iran based on the lessons learned from the developed countries experiences. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 140, 110748. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.110748. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.11...
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To get energy from the earth for the long term, soil thermal properties are the most important parameter for determining the potential of shallow geothermal. |
Stegnar et al. (2019)Stegnar, G., Staničić, D., Česen, M., Čižman, J., Pestotnik, S., Prestor, J., Urbančič, A., & Merše, S. (2019). A framework for assessing the technical and economic potential of shallow geothermal energy in individual and district heating systems: a case study of Slovenia. Energy, 180, 405-420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.05.121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019....
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Among the several parameters, the main parameter governing SGES potential is the STC of the ground. |
Li et al. (2019)Li, M., Zhang, L., & Liu, G. (2019). Estimation of thermal properties of soil and backfilling material from thermal response tests (TRTs) for exploiting shallow geothermal energy: sensitivity, identifiability, and uncertainty. Renewable Energy, 132, 1263-1270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.09.022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018....
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Almost accurate measurement and estimation of STC are necessary for SGES design and implementation. |
Tinti et al. (2018)Tinti, F., Carri, A., Kasmaee, S., Valletta, A., Segalini, A., Bonduà, S., & Bortolotti, V. (2018). Ground temperature monitoring for a coaxial geothermal heat exchangers field: practical aspects and main issues from the first year of measurements. Rudarsko-Geološko-Naftni Zbornik, 33(5), 47-57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2018.5.5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2018.5.5...
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There is a spatial and temporal variation in the ground temperature at shallow depths of the earth due to the different properties of the rocks and soils. |
Janža et al. (2017)Janža, M., Lapanje, A., Šram, D., Rajver, D., & Novak, M. (2017). Research of the geological and geothermal conditions for the assessment of the shallow geothermal potential in the area of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Geologija, 60(2), 309-327. http://dx.doi.org/10.5474/geologija.2017.022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5474/geologija.2017...
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Efficient and sustainable extraction of ground heat requires proper knowledge of rock and soil types and their thermal characteristics. |
Somogyi et al. (2017a)Somogyi, V., Sebestyén, V., & Nagy, G. (2017a). Scientific achievements and regulation of shallow geothermal systems in six European countries: a review. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 68, 934-952. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.02.014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.02...
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The SGES system must be designed by considering the properties of soil and its stratification beneath the surface. |
Tinti et al. (2016)Tinti, F., Pangallo, A., Berneschi, M., Tosoni, D., Rajver, D., Pestotnik, S., Jovanović, D., Rudinica, T., Jelisić, S., Zlokapa, B., Raimondi, A., Tollari, F., Zamagni, A., Chiavetta, C., Collins, J., Chieco, M., Mercurio, A., Marcellini, F., Mrvaljević, D., & Meggiolaro, M. (2016). How to boost shallow geothermal energy exploitation in the adriatic area: the LEGEND project experience. Energy Policy, 92, 190-204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.01.041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.0...
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A regional variation in STC is mostly in wide intervals. |
Ondreka et al. (2007)Ondreka, J., Rüsgen, M.I., Stober, I., & Czurda, K. (2007). GIS-supported mapping of shallow geothermal potential of representative areas in south-western Germany-Possibilities and limitations. Renewable Energy, 32(13), 2186-2200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2006.11.009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2006....
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The potential of SGES is related to the rock’s classification beneath the ground and heat extraction mainly relies on underground STC. |
Cetin et al. (2020)Cetin, A., Kadioglu, Y.K., & Paksoy, H. (2020). Underground thermal heat storage and ground source heat pump activities in Turkey. Solar Energy, 200, 22-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2018.12.055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2018...
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STC is a key parameter for the quantification of the energy efficiency of SGES. |